This document provides examples of unit testing code in PHP using PHPUnit. It demonstrates how to write test cases with assertions, use PHPUnit features like data providers and expected exceptions, and addresses challenges like external dependencies by implementing dependency injection. Mocking and stubs are also presented as ways to isolate code during testing. The overall content aims to explain PHPUnit and best practices for writing clean, isolated and effective unit tests.

1. phpunit
How not to get roundkicked by Chuck Norris

2. Unit testing
• wat is unit testen?
• phpunit?
• code coverage?

3. testcase (1)
Foo.php
<?php
class foo
{
public function baz() {
return 1;
}
}
FooTest.php:
<?php
class fooTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
public function testBlahBlah() {
$foo = new Foo();
$this->assertEquals($foo->baz(), 1);
}
}

4. testcase (2)
Foo.php
<?php
class foo
{
public function baz() {
return 1;
}
}
FooTest.php:
include_once "foo.php";
class fooTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
public function testBlahBlah() {
$foo = new Foo();
$this->assertEquals($foo->baz(), 1);
}
}

5. testcase (3)

6. testcase (4)
Foo.php
FooTest.php:
<?php
class foo
{ <?php
public function baz() {
return 1; include_once "foo.php";
}
class fooTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
public function isOdd($number) { {
if (($number & 1) == 1) { public function testBlahBlah() {
return true; $foo = new Foo();
} else { $this->assertEquals($foo->baz(), 1);
return false; }
}
} public function testIsOdd() {
} $foo = new Foo();
$this->assertTrue($foo->isOdd(1));
}
}

7. testcase (5)

8. testcase (6)

9. testcase (7)
FooTest.php:
<?php
include_once "foo.php";
class fooTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
public function testBlahBlah() {
$foo = new Foo();
$this->assertEquals($foo->baz(), 1);
}
public function testIsOdd() {
$foo = new Foo();
$this->assertTrue($foo->isOdd(1));
}
public function testDoesIsOddReturnFalseWhenAnEvenDigitIsGiven {
$foo = new Foo();
$this->assertFalse($foo->isOdd(2));
}
}

10. testcase (8)

11. PHPUnit chapters
• setUp(), tearDown()
• @depends
• @dataproviders
• @exception testing
• mocking & stubbing

12. setUp(), tearDown() (1)
<?php
class fooTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
public function testBlahBlah() {
$foo = new Bar();
....
}
public function testBlah() {
$foo = new Bar();
....
}
}

13. setUp(), tearDown() (2)
<?php
class fooTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
public setUp() {
$this->_foo = new Bar();
}
public tearDown() {
unset($this->_foo);
}
public function testBlahBlah() {
....
}
public function testBlah() {
....
}
}

14. @depends (1)
<?php
class fooTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
public function testFoo() {
....
}
/**
* @depends testFoo
*/
public function testBar() {
....
}
}

15. @dataprovider (1)
<?php
class fooTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
public function testCount() {
$foo = new Foo();
$this->assertEquals($foo->add(1, 2), 3);
$this->assertEquals($foo->add(10,-4), 6);
$this->assertEquals($foo->add(4, 6), 10);
...
}
}

16. @dataprovider (2)
<?php
class fooTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
/**
* @dataprovider countProvider
*/
public function testCount($a, $b, $c) {
$foo = new Foo();
$this->assertEquals($foo->add($a, $b), $c);
}
public function countProvider() {
return array(
array(1, 2, 3),
array(10, -4, 6),
array(4, 6, 10)
);
}
}

17. @expectedException (1)
<?php
class fooTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
public function testCount() {
$foo = new Foo();
try {
$foo->functionWithException();
$this->fail(“An exception should have occurred”);
} catch (Exception $e) {
}
}
}

18. @expectedException (2)
<?php
class fooTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
/**
* @expectedException Exception
*/
public function testCount() {
$foo = new Foo();
$foo->functionWithException();
}
}

19. Mocking & Stubbing (1)
<?php
class MyMailer {
protected $_from;
protected $_body;
protected $_subject;
function setFrom($from) {
$this->_from = $from;
}
.......
function mail(array $to) {
$count = 0;
foreach ($to as $recipient) {
}
if ($this->_mail($recipient)) $count++;
Isolated
return $count;
}
protected function _mail($to) {
return mail($to, $this->_subject, $this->_body);
}
}

20. Mocking & Stubbing (2)
<?php
include_once "mail.php";
class Mock_MyMailer extends MyMailer {
protected function _mail($to) {
return true;
}
}
class mailTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
...
public function testMail() {
$mailer = new Mock_MyMailer();
$mailer->setSubject("blaat");
$mailer->setFrom("jthijssen@example.com");
$mailer->setBody("meeh");
$to = array("aap@example.com", "blaat@example.com", "all@example.com");
$this->assertEquals($mailer->mail($to), 3);
}
}

21. Mocking & Stubbing (3)
<?php
include_once "mail.php";
class mailTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
...
public function testMail() {
$mailer = new MyMailer();
$mailer->setSubject("blaat");
$mailer->setFrom("jthijssen@example.com");
$mailer->setBody("meeh");
$to = array("aap@example.com", "blaat@example.com", "all@example.com");
$this->assertEquals($mailer->mail($to), 3);
}
}

22. Mocking & Stubbing (4)
<?php
class mailTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
public function testMail() {
$stub = $this->getMockBuilder('MyMailer', array('_mail'))->getMock();
$stub->expects($this->any())
->method('_mail')
->will($this->returnValue(true));
$stub->setSubject("blaat");
$stub->setFrom("jthijssen@example.com");
$stub->setBody("meeh");
$to = array("aap@example.com", "blaat@example.com", "all@example.com");
$this->assertEquals($stub->mail($to), 3);
}
}

23. Difficult cases (1)
public function getItem($id) {
$client = new Zend_Http_Client();
$client->setUri(‘http://my.api’);
$client->setParameterPost(‘ID’,$id);
$client->setMethod(Zend-Http_Client::POST);
$request = $client->request();
$item = $request->getBody();
$item = strtolower($item);
return $item;
}
∂ TESTABLE?

24. Difficult cases (2)
public function __construct() {
$this->_adapter = new Zend_Http_Client_Adapter_Socket();
}
public function getItem($id) {
$client = new Zend_Http_Client();
$client->setConfig(array(‘adapter’ => $this->getAdapter()));
$client->setUri(‘http://my.api’);
$client->setParameterPost(‘ID’,$id);
$client->setMethod(Zend-Http_Client::POST);
$request = $client->request();
$item = $request->getBody();
$item = strtolower($item);
return $item;
}
∂ “DECOUPLE” ADAPTER

25. Difficult cases (3)
function testGetItem() {
$adapter = new Zend_Http_Client_Adapter_Test();
$adapter->setResponse(“HTTP/1.1 200 OKrnrnBLAAT”);
$adapter->addResponse(“HTTP/1.1 200 OKrnrnAAP”);
$foo = new Foo();
$foo->setAdapter($adapter);
$this->assertEquals($foo->getItem(1), ‘blaat’);
$this->assertEquals($foo->getItem(2), ‘aap’);
}
∂ IT’S TESTABLE AGAIN

26. Difficult cases (4)
Gebruik “dependency injection” ipv
“tight coupling”.

27. Dependency Injection (1)
public function pay(Article $article) {
$psp = new PaymentProvider();
$psp->setAmount($article->getAmount());
return $psp->pay();
}
∂ THIGHT COUPLING AGAIN

28. Dependency Injection (2)
public function setPaymentProvider(PaymentProvider $psp) {
$this->_psp = $psp;
}
public function getPaymentProvider() {
return $this->_psp;
}
public function pay(Article $article) {
$psp = $this->getPaymentProvider();
$psp->setAmount($article->getAmount());
return $psp->pay();
}
∂ DECOUPLE PAYMENT PROVIDER

29. Dependency Injection (3)
public function testPayAccepted() {
$stub = $this->getMockBuilder(‘paymentprovider’, array(‘pay’))->getMock();
$stub->expects($this->any())
->method(‘pay’)
->will($this->returnValue(true));
$article = new Article();
$article->setAmount(15);
$foo = new Foo();
$foo->setPaymentProvider($stub);
$this->assertTrue($foo->pay($article));
$this->assertEquals($user->getAmount(), 85);
}
∂ TESTABLE *AND* EXTENDABLE

30. Dependency Injection (4)
public function testPayFailed() {
$stub = $this->getMockBuilder(‘paymentprovider’, array(‘pay’))->getMock();
$stub->expects($this->any())
->method(‘pay’)
->will($this->returnValue(false));
$article = new Article();
$article->setAmount(15);
$foo = new Foo();
$foo->setPaymentProvider($stub);
$this->assertFalse($foo->pay($article));
$this->assertEquals($user->getAmount(), 100);
}
∂ TESTABLE *AND* EXTENDABLE

31. Workshop
• Login op php5dev02
• directory: workshop
• http://workshop.<username>.dev/
tests/coverage
• cd tests
• ./runtest.sh
∂ FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS

32. ∂ THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION