How could we save power inour building, and how could the architecte design it

1. Save power, Save money,
and
Save lives

2. Table of Content
• Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
• Power consumption sectors.
• Prerequisite building studies.
• Power saving techniques.

3. Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
Why do we need energy saving?

4. Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
Why do we need energy
saving?:
• Building consume approximately 39%
of the energy and 74% of the
electricity annually in USA.
• Coal and Oil are the most common
source of energy used in building,
these fuels are finite resources.
• The process of extraction and
consuming energy from fossil fuels
causes: air and water pollution, land
degradation, solid waste generation,
and greenhouse gas emissions.

5. Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
Why do we need energy
saving?:
• Other green source energy, also
carry environmental costs;
Hydropower for example, alter
aquatic ecosystem and harm
endangered species.
• Building achieve any level of Green
building certification; at a
minimum, perform better than
any other building.

6. • Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
• Power consumption sectors.
• Prerequisite building studies.
• Power saving techniques.

7. Power consumption sectors
• Together, the commercial, residential and public sectors account
for 30% of electricity consumption.
• Residential consumption is estimated to be twice that of
commercial.

8. Power consumption sectors
The barriers to energy efficiency
in developing countries namely:
• Consumers are not familiar with energy-
efficient products.
• Many energy-efficient products, are not
widely available.
• Building contractors, and architectural &
Engineering firms, are not familiar with
the basic techniques which could
improve the energy efficiency of the
building.

9. Power consumption sectors
Residential Electricity Consumption by End Use
Source: EIA, U.S. Household Electricity Reports, Table US-1, 2005

10. Power consumption sectors
Commercial Sector Electricity Consumption by End
Use
Source: EIA, Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS), Table E5A, 2008

11. Power consumption sectors
The major electricity loads are from:
• HVAC and Ventilation.
• Lighting.
• Heating and water heating

12. • Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
• Power consumption sectors.
• Prerequisite building studies.
• Power saving techniques.

13. Building design studies
• Green building should reduce the
amount of energy required for building
operation.
• The energy performance of a building
depends on its design.
• Its massing and orientation, building
envelop and insulation, and lighting
system.
“improved energy performance results in
lower operating costs.”

14. Building design studies
Building form and orientation:
• The sun is higher in summer and lower
in winter sky.
• Building should capture free heating in
winter, and reject the heat in summer.

15. Building design studies
Building form and orientation:
• In the concept phase, try more than one
orientation with simulation’s software.
• If changing building orientation isn’t
applicable, use building shape ideas.

16. Building design studies
Building envelop and insulation:
• Brick wall air cavity will significantly
reduce heat ingress.
• Insulated walls. (could be: Extruded
polystyrene, glass-wool, … etc.)

17. Building design studies
Building envelop and insulation:
• Double skin, in case of structure glazing
skin.
• Select high performance glazing with
low U-value, low shading coefficient &
high VLT ( visual light transmittance).

18. Building design studies
Building envelop and insulation:
• Insulated or planted roof (heat ingress
through the roof can be as high as
12-15%).
• Consider shading devices for window
opening.

19. Building design studies
Natural lighting and view:
• Outdoor environment have been proven
to increase occupant productivity and
comfort.
• Daylight reduces the need for electric
lighting for building interior.

20. Building design studies
Natural lighting and view:
• A well-designed daylight building is
estimated to reduce light energy use by
50% to 80%.
• Glazing can increase initial costs for a
project and can lead to excessive
heat gain if not designed properly.

21. • Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
• Power consumption sectors.
• Prerequisite building studies.
• Power saving techniques.

22. Power saving techniques
Underground Geothermal pipes:
• Geothermal heat pump can provide
space heating and air conditioning.
• These systems use a heat pump to
transfer heat from the ground to the
application.
• Geothermal heat pump could work as
closed loop circulate a carrier fluid
through pipes buried in the ground or
ground water

23. Power saving techniques
Solar heating and water heating
(Solar Combisystem):
• A collector, often fastened to a roof
or a wall facing the sun, heats
working fluid that is pumped through
it.
• Which delivers heat to the tank
through a heat exchanger.
• Heat is stored in a hot water storage
tank for most of the year, in winter, a
gas or electric booster is normally
used to heat the water.

24. Power saving techniques
Under floor air distribution
(UFAD):
• UFAD systems operate at much lower
design pressure, and wormer
temperature, than traditional ducted
overhead system.
• Use the open space between concrete
slab and raised floor.
• Reduce the fan horsepower on the
mechanical equipment.

25. Power saving techniques
LED Light bulbs:
• LED: Light-Emitting Diodes.
• Lighting output is smaller than
incandescent, therefore often use
multiple diodes together.
• Robust , where most other light source
are fragile.
• LED lamps offer long service life and
high energy efficiency.
• Incandescent bulbs have a typical life of
1,000 hours, compact fluorescents
about 8,000 hours, LED offer lifespans of
30,000 or more hours

26. Power saving techniques
Daylight harvesting:
• Daylight harvesting systems are typically
designed to maintain a minimum
recommended light level.
• Photosensors (light level sensor) are
used to integrate an electric lighting
system with a day-lighting to operate
only when day-lighting is insufficient.
• lighting control system, uses an
automated device, and/or motion
sensors, to shutting off or dimming
lighting fixtures as appropriate.

27. • Why should we built Sustainable Buildings?
• How could we define Green Building?
• Power consumption sectors.
• Prerequisite building studies.
• Power saving techniques.

28. Thank You
?