1. Pooja Sathe / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN:
2248-9622 www.ijera.com Vol. 2, Issue4, July-August 2012, pp.1088-1090
Gprs Based Routing & Tracking Of Mobile Vehicles Using Arm
Pooja Sathe
Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication (M.Tech VLSI & Embedded System Design)
Disha Institute Of Mang. & Tech. Raipur, India
ABSTRACT  True North Direction
The paper describes in brief a model for If a direction is expressed in reference to
routing and tracking of mobile vehicle in a large the geographic pole, then it is said to be True
geographical area based on the Global Direction, and is symbolized by 'T'. True North is
Positioning System (GPS) and Global System for therefore written as 000°T (360°T) or 000T (360T).
Mobile Communication (GSM). The supporting The true direction is what can be determined
devices, GPS (iTrax130) and GSM modem directly from most charts commonly used in
(AVR323), are controlled by an ARM 7 aviation. Unfortunately, most of the instruments
processor (LPC2148). The system is equipped available to the pilot cannot determine the direction
Compass sensor (CS420000) and Accelerator of True North. It is therefore necessary to learn
sensor (MMA7260QT) to determine moving about another important system to reference
direction of a vehicle. If a password like SMS is direction, one that can be measured by a compass -
sent by the owner, it automatically stops the the Magnetic North.
vehicle or we can use it for other work, it can
provide real time control. This system finds its  Magnetic North Direction
application in real time traffic surveillance. The The surface of the Earth is covered by a
device will collect positions of the vehicle via GPS weak magnetic field. The lines of the magnetic field
receiver and then sends the data of positions to exit the earth surface near Hudson Bay in Canada
customer mobile by the SMS (Short Message and enter again at a point near South Victoria Land
Services). After processing data, the position of in Antarctica. In between these points, the lines of
the mobile vehicle can also be displayed on the magnetic field form a loop of which one half
Google Map. extends above the surface and the other half (the
returning bit) beneath the surface of the earth. The
Keywords: ARM 7, GPS, GSM, Vehicle tracking, entry and exit points of the field through the earth's
Theft, Google map, Accelerator, Compass sensor. surface (which is where the field lines are
perpendicular to the surface) are called the Magnetic
I. INTRODUCTION Poles. Because of their proximity to the North and
The development of GPS technique in South Geographic Poles, the magnetic poles are
recent years is the base for many applications such referred to as the North Magnetic Pole and the South
as navigation and tracking systems for ships, cars, Magnetic Pole.
vehicles, etc. here in this paper a practical model is
presented for routing and tracking mobile vehicles  Variation
in a large area and also provides feature of disabling The angular difference from True North to
the vehicle remotely and video capturing the driver Magnetic North for any point on the earth surface is
so as to identify the thief, using GPS and GSM called Variation and differs from location to
techniques. This receiver can also be a GSM module location. Figure 1. Terms and dimensions of the
connected with the computer. The computer will Earth.
have VB based software which will help in tracking
the vehicle on google map. It will also have a button
to deactivate the mobile vehicle
II. TRUE NORTH DIRECTION AND
MAGNETIC NORTH DIRECTION
For a convenience, the shape of the earth is
approximated by an ideal sphere. The axis on which
the earth rotates is called the geographic Polar Axis.
The two points where the axis meets the surface of Figure 1. Terms and dimensions of the Earth.
the sphere are called:
* The North Geographic Pole - or True North;
* The South Geographic Pole - or True South.
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2. Pooja Sathe / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN:
2248-9622 www.ijera.com Vol. 2, Issue4, July-August 2012, pp.1088-1090
III. THE METHOD OF ROUTING vehicle via SMS service by send the sequences
The routing method is based on how commands below:
determine the distance and the angle between the  AT+CMGF=1<CR>
current direction of the mobile vehicle and direction  AT+CMGS=”0937856377”<CR>
from current position to the destination position (ω).  send SMS content : coordinate
In this paper for a convenience, the variation  send the message issue Crtl-Z char (0x1A)
between true direction and magnetic direction is <CR> : carrier return character (0x0D hex)
assumed to zero. Mother board is assembly on the
mobile vehicle use compass sensor to calculate the V. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
angle between the current direction of mobile The practical model for routing and
vehicle and the magnetic north direction (α), tracking the
concurrently calculate the distance and the direction mobile vehicle in a large area consist of three
(β) from current position of mobile vehicle to the elements as follows,
destination position (a group of destination positions  The supervised center
will make a specific route).
 GSM network
 The mobile vehicle
Figure 3. The model for routing and tracking
Figure 2. The Distance and Direction between two system.
points on the
Earth’s surface  The supervised center:
α, β € [00 ÷m 3600 ] It is equipped a GSM module-WMP100 that is
α: The angle between the direction of mobile vehicle based on a wireless microprocessor WMP100.
and Magnetic North Direction that will be gotten
from compass sensor.  The GSM module:
β: The angle between the direction from current It is connected with a computer via RS232
position of mobile vehicle to the destination position interface. A program run on the computer will
and True North Direction. communicate with GSM module by send AT
ω: The angle between the direction from current command for the processing of send and receive
position of mobile vehicle to the destination data via SMS or GPRS service.
position.  AT+CMGF=1<CR>
d: The distance between current position and  AT+CMGS=”0909871715”<CR>
destination position.  send SMS content : routing message
With the assumption of the variation  send the message issue Crtl-Z char (0x1A)
between Magnetic North Direction and True North
Direction is zero, therefore:
 The mobile vehicle:
Ω = ǀα-βǀ (1) The hardware system of the mother board
on the mobile vehicle consist of one 32bits
IV.THE METHOD OF TRACKING microcontroller ARM Cortex M3-LM3S2965,
The tracking method is based on the compass sensor- YAS529, accelerometer sensor-
process of collecting continuously the coordinate KXSC72050, and one GPS receiver-eMD3620, one
(latitude, longitude) of mobile vehicle that could get GSM module-GM862 and one color graphic LCD.
from GPS receiver. After getting the coordinate, the The microcontroller will read the magnetic
mobile vehicle will send it to the supervised center value from the compass sensor via I2C bus, then it
via SMS or GPRS service. The supervised center calculate the angle between the direction of mobile
will receive the coordinate of the mobile vehicle vehicle and the Magnetic North Direction. After that
then displays on the screen. The mother board on the microcontroller will execute the algorithm to
the mobile vehicle is equipped a GSM modem- estimate the distanced and the angle between the
GM862 and it is directed by a 32bits microcontroller current position and destination position and repeat
ARM Cortex M3-LM3S2965. The microcontroller this process until the vehicle finishes the route. On
uses serial interface to communicate with GM862 the graphic LCD, there are two the needles, one for
by AT commands and send current position of the the compass function, one for the routing function.
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3. Pooja Sathe / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN:
2248-9622 www.ijera.com Vol. 2, Issue4, July-August 2012, pp.1088-1090
Some information are displayed about the distance receiver, the weather and the assuming of the
value, speed of mobile vehicles. variation between True North Direction and
Magnetic North Direction is zero, etc.
VI. CONCLUSION
The current system can be able to provide
monitoring process from anywhere. The purpose of
this system is to design and integrate a new system
which is integrated with GPS- GSM to provide
following feature: a) Location information, b) Real
time tracking using SMS, c) Record driver on DVR
d) Vehicle disabling Communication is
instantaneous therefore we can receive running
report quickly. It is completely integrated so that
once it is implemented in all vehicles, then it is easy
Figure 4. The hardware system on the mobile to track vehicles any time. The accuracy of system
vehicle. is affected by some factors such as weather,
environment around the mobile vehicle, GPS
The accelerometer sensor is used to receiver, compass sensor and the variation between
determine the mobile vehicle is moving or stop. We True North Direction and Magnetic North Direction,
can attach Google map and view the actual location etc. The future works include optimizing the
of the vehicle. This GUI can be made on the hardware system, choosing a suitable GPS receiver
computer using visual basics. The vehicle can be and compass sensors. The variation in the analysis is
disabled by easily sending sms to the mobile vehicle taken into account for calculating the angle between
and it will halt the vehicle. We can even switch on the direction of mobile vehicle and the direction
the camera by a sms, which will in turn activate the from current position to destination position.
camera placed hidden inside the vehicle. This will Improving the routing algorithm can be improved by
help in thief identification and thereby helping the neural network. Test data can be sent and received
police in capturing the culprit. Using ARM via GPRS services to reduce the delay when using
processors we can add number of features so the list SMS services. This system has many advantages
is endless. Features of accident detection which will such as large capability, wide areas range, low
make the system sms close relatives about accident operation costs, effective, Strong expandability and
spot can also be added. Easy to use in vehicle traffic administration.
Upgrading this setup is very easy which makes it
open to future a requirement which also makes it
more efficient.
REFERENCES
 Thuong Le-Tien, Vu Phung, Vietnam
“Routing and Tracking System for Mobile
Vehicles in Large Area” IEEE 2010.
 Thuong Le-Tien, Vu Phung, Vietnam
“Routing and Tracking System for Mobile
Vehicles in Large Area” IEEE July 2009.
 Prawat Chaiprapa, Supaporn Kiattisin and
Adisorn Leelasantitham “A Real-Time GPS
Vehicle Tracking System” SAE International
Figure 5. GUI of Security System for mobile 2011.
vehicles.  http://ancillotti.hubpages.com/hub/The-
 The practical results: ARM-family
The results on the user interface of  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARM_architectu
supervised center will show the routing and tracking re
function of the system. The green check signs create  http://www.embeddedrelated.com/usenet/emb
a route that the mobile vehicle must be followed and edded/show/79484-1.php
the red signs are positions the mobile vehicle go  http://www.bipom.com/documents/boards/m
across. The Google map is viewed in Hybrid mode. marm9/Introduction%20to%20ARM.pdf
There are some approaches affect the accuracy of  http://www.freescale.com/files/sensors/doc/d
the system such as the delay of sending and ata_sheet/MMA7260QT.pdf
receiving data via GSM network, the multi path
effects can make the position error on the GPS
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