Havens week3 digital_issues_copyright
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This document discusses copyright law and ethics, including what copyright protects, how peer-to-peer file sharing relates to copyright infringement, and how to legally use copyrighted works. It notes that copyright law protects original works and gives owners control over distribution, alteration, and public use of their works. While peer-to-peer networks enable illegal sharing, the fair use policy and getting permission from creators allows for legal use of copyrighted content when giving proper credit. The consequences of infringement are outlined, and the document emphasizes getting permission, citing sources, and acting responsibly regarding copyright.
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Havens week3 digital_issues_copyright
- 1. COPYRIGHT, LAW, AND ETHICS Diana Havens National University EDT 600A Dr. Cynthia Sistek-Chandler
- 2. TODAY WE WILL DISCUSS: What copyrights do for Peer-to-Peer creators/authors file sharing Copyrights The consequences of How to use not following the copyrighted material rules legally
- 3. WHAT IS A COPYRIGHT? Copyright laws exist to protect “original works of authorship that are fixed in a tangible form of expression” (U.S. Copyright Office, n.d.a.)
- 4. WHAT DOES THAT MEAN? Copyright owners have the right to: • Control how their works are distributed • Control how their works are used/altered • Control when and how their works are used publically (U.S. Copyright Office, n.d.a)
- 5. WHAT ARE ORIGINAL WORKS? http://copyrightenforcement.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/copyright-wordle.jpg
- 7. CAN YOU USE COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL LEGALLY? • Check to see if permission has already been granted. • Contact the creator/author and get permission • Check to see if the Fair Use policy applies (here are some links) • https://www.lib.umn.edu/copyright/fairuse • https://www.lib.umn.edu/copyright/useoverview • https://www.lib.umn.edu/copyright/useincontext • Remember to always give proper credit to your source!!
- 8. CONSEQUENCES • Personal – illegal action may result in prosecution • Industry – revenue loss impacts media industry • Economy – impact on media industry results in the loss of jobs 60 50 40 30 20 Loss in U.S. 10 Billions 0 Music Software Movie Lost Industry Industry Industry Wages http://thefightagainstinternetpiracy.weebly.com/statistics.html
- 9. WHAT DID WE LEARN? • Get Permission! • Cite Your Sources!! • Be Responsible, Be Ethical!!! • Ask for help if you aren’t sure!!!!
- 10. REFERENCES U.S. Copyright Office. (n.d.a). Copyright basics. Retrieved from http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ01.pdf U.S. Copyright Office. (n.d.b). Fair use. Retrieved from http://www.copyright.gov/fls/fl102.html Vidaeff, V. (2011). A $675,000 damages award for illegal file sharing Joel Tenenbaum’s ferocious battle against the music industry. Retrieved from http://intellectualpropertylaw.ncbar.org/newsletters/iplink sfeb2011/tenenbaum
Editor's Notes
- It has been brought to my attention that some of the students here at the high school have been using copyrighted material improperly. The principal has asked me to speak to you today about copyrights. We want you to continue to be creative and incorporate different media and information into your work. We just want everyone to be able to do this the right way.
- Clip-art image used with permission from Microsoft.
- Distribution – from a digital standpoint this would be downloading content from the internet, sharing digital files with your friends, making digital copies (burning files onto discs), posting content on your blog or website, or anything where you are reproducing someone else’s content and making it available for someone else to see and use.How content is used – the term “derivative” works is used in this category, meaning that the author/creator controls how their works are used for other works based on their work. For example, an image that you may want to use in one of your projects, when you make changes to that image – make it black and white, change the size, and so forth, you are creating new work off of someone else’s work which would be a “derivative” off of the original copyrighted work.Public use – remember that with public use (display an image, video, or other work online) this poses the ability for others to access the copyrighted work and in turn use it. Also, the way a work is used can change the meaning of the original work. Context is an important part of creating and copyright protects the author/creator in this way.
- Original works are defined as literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and other creative works that are “in a tangible form of expression” (U.S. Copyright Office, n.d.a).There are some categories not covered by copyright law such as ideas and items that are common knowledge, like a calendar. The work must contain original content in a “tangible form of expression.”
- Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Networks allow users to share files, resulting in the sharing of copyrighted material, like music, movies, and software, illegally.The Center for Copyright Information, found at http://www.copyrightinformation.org/, has information on P2P networks and information on how to obtain music and movies legally.
- Under the Fair Use policy there are purposes where the use of copyrighted material is allowable which includes criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research (U.S. Copyright Office, n.d.b).Fair Use is not an exact science and there are several factors to consider to see if the policy applies and then there are rules that apply to different types of copyrighted works. A lot of these rules have to do with the amount of copyrighted material you are using. For instance, it is probably more fair to use 1 image from a collection, book, or website, but not fair to use them all or a majority of them. Remember, we are using copyrighted material to supplement and add to our own work, not to replace it. I have provided a few links that do break down the different things you should consider and give a few examples of how you can use copyrighted material legally. Just remember, the best way to use copyrighted material is with permission. And whether you get permission or apply the Fair Use policy, then you must give proper credit to the creator/author. If you aren’t sure, then don’t be afraid to ask for help.
- Copyright infringement, piracy (reproducing copyrighted material, illegally downloading copyrighted material) is against the law. Recent lawsuits have awarded hundreds of thousands of dollars in damages – meaning, if you are caught illegally downloading and sharing copyrighted material, you could be required to pay thousands of dollars to the copyright owners (Vidaeff, 2011).The cost of internet piracy is difficult to calculate and track. However, the data in this graph are estimates for 2005, according to the Fight Against Internet Piracy, shows losses of 12.9 billion in the music industry, 51 billion in the software industry, 20.5 billion in the movie industry, and 16.3 billion in lost wages overall.
- Copyright laws and fair use can be a complicated subject. The best thing you can do is to review the definitions and examples we covered today, explore the links I provided, and ask questions on anything you did not understand.