4. What Do Learners Need?
Variety of Activities (5-10 min each)
Movement
Play / Games
Breaks (4 Rs)
Drama/ Imitation
Songs
Dance/ Follow patterns
Positive Environment Safe + Low Anxiety (Affective Filter)
Listening & Speaking (Ease at acquiring Lang.)
Literacy Reading & Writing
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5. 1.1- Communicate with others observing rules
appropriate to own level NCERD
KG 1 (3 yr) KG 2 (4 yr) KG 3 (5 yr)
-Listen to what is Listen to what is Listen to what is
heard.-Apply some heard. Apply heard.-Follow
instructions given instructions given by instructions &interact
by others.-Express others. Express needs with the urgings of
needs with various with various methods. others -Express needs
methods.-Express Express what he/she with various methods.-
methods.
what he himself is or others are doing.- Express what he or
doing.-Take Apply rules of others are doing.-Appl
initiative in communication during rules of communicatio
speaking to dialog. Take initiative during dialog Take
others. in speaking initiative in speaking
and discussing with
others .
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8. Spoken Language
Monolog = lecture radio news,…
- Dialog = interpersonal or transactional
Fluency versus Accuracy
Fluency: NOT speed
ability to express one’s ideas logically
Accuracy: worry about Grammar AND
Pronunciation mistakes
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10. Correcting Pronunciation
Use Simplified Phonetics ]
people [pypəl] persons
Jordan [djordən] Country
Schedule [skedjouwəl Time table
]
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11. Correcting Grammar Mistakes
Revisit a point in grammar
Eg. He? She? Or It?
Ex 1: Use pictures of different people, animals, things,
places, ….:
Ex. 2: Tom is a little boy. _____ goes to school everyday,
and _____ likes to study with his friend Carl. His sister
plays the piano and _____likes to play with her little
dog. _____ is her favorite friend.
Ex. 3: Monolog or Dialog
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12. Speaking Activities
Role Play, Presentation, Guessing Game, Project
Familiarize SS with the evaluation criteria to lower their level of
anxiety and provide enough practice
to improve fluency and
to internalize grammatical rules and increase accuracy.
Help SS to Develop Good Conversation Skills (be polite, take
turns, ,…)
Improve SS pronunciation using simplified phonetics
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13. Target of
Speaking Activities
Students’
Real Life Experience?
Imagination?
Here and Now?
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14. Conversation Starters
When are you or have been most afraid?
What has been the happiest day of your life?
If you could change one thing in the world, what would it be?
If you could change one thing about yourself, what would you change?
What does “being in love” mean?
What is the most important thing in your life?
What is the one thing you couldn’t live without?
What is your favorite movie/book of all time? Why?
What cartoon character would you most like to be?
What is the hardest/best thing about being ___ years old?
What job would you never want to have? Why?
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15. Giving Clear Instructions
1- Attract Students’ Attention
2- Seating Arrangement
3- Tell Students’:
What to do?
What materials to use?
How much time needed to complete Task?
4- Ask Students’ to rephrase Instruction
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16. Input Needed for
AUTHENTIC Speaking Activities
Listen to:
a. Story
b. Music
c. Sounds
Use Sight:
a. Watch a Video
b. Look at Picture/Drawing
c. Read a Story
Hanadi Mirza hanadym@hotmail.com
19. We Write…
Letter
Word
Sentence (vs. Non-Sentence)
Paragraph
Essay
Term Paper
Master Thesis
PhD Dissertation
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20. Writing Develops in KGs
KG Classes Sentence Pattern
A cat ran. / My dog ran. / I ran.
I see a dog. / I see a cat. / I see a man.
Max is in the box, / Max is under the box.
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21. Sentence Structure
A cat ran. Capital letter --- .
Who / does what
someone is doing something
Naming part + Telling part
Subject + Verb
Subject + Predicate
Ex: Put the word cat in a sentence. (KG)
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22. NCERD
Grades 1, 2, 3 Grade 4
- Student writes for a variety Write to express, discover, record, develop,
of audiences and purposes, reflect on ideas, and to problem solve
and in various forms - Write to influence such as to persuade, argue
- Write to record ideas and and request
reflections - Write to inform such as to explain, describe,
report, and narrate
- Write to discover, develop,
- Write to entertain such as to compose
and refine ideas humorous poems or short stories
- Write to communicate with - Exhibit an identifiable voice in personal
a variety of audiences narratives and in stories
- Write in different forms for - Choose the appropriate form for his/her own
different purposes including purpose for writing, including journals, letters,
list to record, letters to invite reviews, poems, narratives, instructions
and thank, and stories or
poems to entertain
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23. Writing Process (Gr 4) NCERD
Generate ideas and plans for writing by using such pre-writing strategies as
brainstorming, graphic organizers, notes and logs
Develop draft by categorizing ideas, organizing them into paragraphs, and
blending paragraphs within larger units of texts
Revise selected drafts by adding, elaborating, deleting, combining, and
rearranging text
Revise draft for coherence, progression, and logical support of ideas
Edit draft for specific purposes such as to ensure standard usage, varied
sentence structure, and appropriate word choice
Use available technology to support aspects of creating, revising, editing,
and publishing text
Refine selected pieces frequently to publish for general and specific
audiences
Proofread his/her own writing and that of others
Select and use reference materials and resources as needed for writing,
revising, and editing final drafts
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24. Problems with Writing
1- Inadequate visual &/or Auditory Memory
2- Poor Motor Skills – Poor Vision
3- Draw instead of Write
4- Write from memory rather than Listen THEN Write
5- Develop Writing before Reading
6- Poor Spelling / Grammar / Sentence Structure
7- Write without using a Pre-writing technique (W= Product)
8- Translate from Arabic (VSO)
9- Memorize sentences rather than Create own sentences
10- Writing Process Boring & Time Consuming
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26. Improve Spelling & Writing
1- Picture + 1 missing letter (beg. Letter THEN other letters)
2- Picture + 2 missing letters (any two)
3- Picture + scrambled letters
4- Picture only
5- Scrambled letters Word Formation
6- Find the word: Cross puzzle (+ pics)
7- Dictation: Listen then Write word
8- Unscramble words Sentence Formation
Write sentences
9- Unscramble sentences Make a Paragraph
Write a paragraph
10- Sequence paragraphs make an Essay
Write an essay
11- Creative Writing
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27. Correcting Written Mistakes
Mistake Type Correction Sentence
freind Spelling friend Tom is my
friend.
He mixs Simple mixes He mixes
present tea and
sugar.
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28. Input Needed for
Authentic Writing Activities
Listen to:
a. Story
b. Music
c. Sounds
Use Sight:
a. Watch a Video
b. Look at a Picture/Drawing
c. Read a Story
Hanadi Mirza hanadym@hotmail.com
30. Problems with Writing Tasks
Poor Writing Topics
Grammar NOT integrated INTO Writing
Poor explanation of Spelling rules in Elem
Memorizing visually the words
Dictation= NO Use of Listening Writing
Hanadi Mirza hanadym@hotmail.com
31. Teaching a Paragraph
I. Modeling Stage:
eg. Descriptive Paragraph
1- Elements of Description : adjectives: color,
size, number…simile, seem, feel , etc…
2- Elements of a Paragraph: Title, Indentation,
Topic Sentence, Supporting Details, and
Conclusion
II. Guided Stage
III. Independent Stage
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32. Buttons
Buttons are fun to look at. They
can be blue, white, red, and green.
Most buttons are circles. Some look
like pumpkins, pencils, or stars. It’s
nice to have buttons because they help
hold our clothes together.
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33. Camping Trip
On a camping trip, it’s important
to have certain things. First, you need a
tent. You also need some food and a
nice chest. Pack your sleeping bags
and some kind of light too. Don’t forget
your pillows and some rain gear. It’s
going to be a lovely trip.
Hanadi Mirza hanadym@hotmail.com
34. How to Improve
Productive Skills?
Practice Speaking
Practice Writing
PRACTICE PRACICE PRACTICE
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