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Contents com
1 Sources
2 Evolution
3 Structure
4 Distribution
Teacher: Maite Fresnillo
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Definition
Demography studies population from a qualitative point of view, this is,
using statistical methods. The Population Geography studies
population from an spatial point of view, using statistical techniques and
demographic analysis applied to a territory. Both are complementary
sciences. We can consider demography as an auxiliary science of
Geography.
POPULATION
DEMOGRAPHY Gives data GEOGRAPHY
Uses
Realises
Statistics
Territorial analysis
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Sources com
Population census
Municipal register
Sources
of Civil register
Demography Parish register
Others: Public statistics,
inquiries, annual reports
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Diagram com
1 2 3
Population census: Civil register:
Municipal register:
It is the individual account of There are notes of births,
It is the vicinity register
population in a country at a deaths and marriages.
of a municipal area. It
concrete moment. Not only Their information is
collect demographic
does it collect demographic compulsory. INE uses
and economic data of
data, but economic and this date as part of their
the population. It is
social as well: number of statistics.
actualised every year
inhabitants, sex, age, civil
and every five years
status, birth place,
there is a general
nationality, language,
account. The
education level, economic
responsible are
characteristics, house.
Councils.
In Spain the census is realised
every ten years, the years
ending in 1. It is made by the
INE (Instituto Nacional de
Estadística). Teacher: Maite Fresnillo
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Diagram com
4 5
Parish registers: Others: Public
Made since 1563, they collect statistics, inquiries,
the changes occurred in a annual reports Statistics
parish (baptizes, marriages, and inquiries made by public
funerals). It is useful for institutions (Autonomous
studying the historical evolution Communities, Ministers) or
of population. Nowadays there private (Banks), they offer
are not compulsory so they do detailed information but over
not collect the totality of the sample populations: EPA,
demographic phenomena. Annual statistics
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Definitions com
Population
De facto Of right
It is the result of adding up Is the addition of the
the present residents and present and no present
the visitors in the moment of residents in the census
the census. It is the moment. It is the population
population that is physically of a place even when they
in the place where the are temporarily out of there.
census is done.
De facto population = Present residents + Visitors
Population of right = Present residents + non present residents
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Evolution com
Ad Your Title
Neolithic Industrial Revolution
Humans started producing their Economic resources multiplied
own food (agriculture and due to the use of new
livestock) and keeping them techniques in every sector.
(craftsmanship). This led to The advances of health care
sedentarization, liberalization of allowed the control of
part of the work force to non mortality, mainly infant
productive activities. Population mortality. Demographic
increased to reach 300 millions explosion happened reaching
at the beginning of our times to numbers over 6500 millions
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Evolution
EXPANSION LOW AND EXPANSION
NEOLITHIC CATASTROPHICAL INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION INCREASE REVOLUCION
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Spain com
Industrial Religion influence
revolution
Characteristics Conservadurism
Delayed Delay health care
Delay respective to other
countries
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Characteristics
It explains the evolution of population since an old demographic regime, with
high birth and date rates, to a modern demographic regime, with both rates at
low level and with an intermediate period in which first death rate reduced,
resulting in an important increase of population, followed later by a reduction
of the number of births.
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Evolution com
Old regime
Old regime Transition
Transition Modern regime
Modern regime
-Reduction of epidemies-Evolution similar to
-Reduction of epidemies-Evolution similar to
--Until end 18th century
Until end 18th century and hunger
and hunger Southern Europe
--Moderateincrease -Reduction of mortality Southern Europe
Moderate increase
-Reduction of mortality -No catastrophic
-No catastrophic
--Highbirth rate
High birth rate and a bit
and a bit mortality
mortality
--Continousdeath
Continous death infant mortality
infant mortality -Little increase
-Little increase
spells: illness, food -High birth rates
spells: illness, food -High birth rates -Negative migratory
--Verystagnated
Very stagnated -Increase lower than in -Negative migratory
-Increase lower than in
Europe results
results
Europe
-Little control of mortality
-Little control of mortality
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Evolution
Spanish population evolution during the
20th century
Immigration
increase
Civil Ward and
aftermath
1918 flu
Inflexion
crisis 75
Biths
increase
Changes due to external migrations
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Evolution of Spanish population 1900-2000
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Evolution of Spanish population 1920-1950
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Evolution of Spanish population 1950-1981
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Evolution of Spanish population 1981-2005
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Basque Country
Basque Country was characterised for being a region which
traditionally emigrated until the development of industrialization,
moment in which they started attracting people, what resulted in a
huge development of population. Only the effects of the industrial
crisis of the 70s of the 20th century have inverted the trend, being
this region nowadays an issuer of population effectives. The
reduction after the crisis looks to be evolving positively during the
last decades, but without reaching the previous levels of increase.
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Basque Country
The Basque Country entered the
20th century with a population of
603596 inhabitants (3.24 per cent
of the total of Spain).
During the first half of the
century the increase was
important mainly as a result of
the firm industrial development,
even when it was also affected
by the flu and the Civil War,
being the latter specially strong in
our territory.
In 1950 the population was of
1062,240 inhabitants and it has
reached a new peak in 2007 with
2.141.860 inhabitants, having
had in the middle, a slight
reduction about the 90s of the
20th century.
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The most spectacular change
occurred at the beginning of
the 20th century due to the
effect of immigration, when the
industrial development took
place. After the War, the
reactivation of economy
resulted in a new immigration
wave that combined with the
high number of births resulting
of the baby boom ended in an
important increase. After that
the development was
progressive, even if slower.
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Basque Country
The only census registering population losses are those of 1991
and 1996, even if after them there was a progressive recovery and
by 2001 the level of the 80s was almost completely recovered.
The percentage of Basque population over the total of the state
continued raising until 1991 but after that there is a progressive
reduction.
After the crisis of the 70s the evolution of population changed and
even if the levels have been recovered, the expansion rhythm is not
the same as it was at mid 20th century.
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Basque Country com
1900 1950 1975 21st century
Industrial Influence Modern
Stability development crisis demography
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Basque Country: Life expectancy
Life expectancy has evolved in a positive way
as it can be in the graphs. It is longer for women
than for men and, as we can deduce from the
images, the previsions for longevity have
improved during the last decades.
Elaboración propia a partir de datos del EUSTAT Teacher: Maite Fresnillo
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Basque Country: Birth rate
The image shows the situation of maternity in the Basque country.
The number of births has been reduced to levels that can not assure
the generational substitution. The age of mothers is also higher than
it used to be, what has had an influence on the reduction of
maternity.
Elaboración propia a partir de datos del EUSTAT Teacher: Maite Fresnillo
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Basque Country: Migration influence
A 4.6 per cent of the population of the Basque Country
comes from foreign countries. This is one of the lowest
levels of the Spanish state.
The immigration from other regions of Spain is more
important than that of foreigners.
Elaboración propia a partir de datos del EUSTAT Teacher: Maite Fresnillo
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Basque Country: Migratory result
Being the number of foreign immigrants not very important, they
have an essential incidence in the demographic increase because
they suppose a 98 per cent of it.
The graphic shows that while vegetative increase is reduced, the
amount related to the migratory result is the most important
component of the population raise.
Elaboración propia a partir de datos del EUSTAT Teacher: Maite Fresnillo
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Basque Country: Population distribution
The concentration of population has experience a huge change:
areas that attracted population massively due to industrialization are
nowadays in the last positions of the ranking while others such as
many regions in Alava in which the main activity is agriculture are in
clear expansion.
Elaboración propia a partir de datos del EUSTAT Teacher: Maite Fresnillo
