mental illness prevention and control according to who guideline and mental health program of India

1. Mental Illness
Prevention and Control
Presented by:
Zulquarnain
2012
Moderators:
Dr. Sadia
Dr. Sakhtivel
Dr. Farha
Dr. Shaighan

2. PREVENTION
PRIMORDIAL
PRIMARY
HEALTH
PROMOTION
SPECIFIC
PROTECTION
SECONDARY
EARLY
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
TERTIARY
DISABILITY
LIMITATION
REHABILITATION
1/12

3. PRIMORDIAL PREVENTION
2/12
RISK
IDENTFICATION
RISK MITIGATION
REMOVE THE
POSSIBILITY THAT THE
DISEASE WILL OCCUR
TARGET GROUPS
Pregnant females
Pre school children
School going children
Adolescent
Pre Employed
Elderly
Primary prevention operates on a community
basis:
-Improving the social environment
-Promotion of social, emotional and physical
well being.
• Problem solving
Techniques
• Life skill approach
• De stressing exercise
PRIMARY PREVENTION
• Good interpersonal
relationship
• Good Parenting Skills

4. PRIMARY PREVENTION
3/12
Risk Factors Identification Risk Control
Hectic Life Schedule and Sedentary life style Meditation, Religious activities &
exercise
Academic failure and scholastic demoralization Good parenting
Family conflict or family disorganization Positive attachment and early bonding
Exposure to aggression, violence and trauma
(especially in case of childhood abuse)
Stress and conflict management skills
School Psychological counselor Support
Loneliness, Cultural Shock Pro-social behavior
Medical illness, Neurochemical imbalance,
Disability
Medical / Surgical support
Substance abuse (access to drugs and alcohol) De addiction
Stressful life events Eg: death of spouse/ Divorce
etc.
Social support of family and friends
Individual and family-related determinants of mental health:

5. Social, environmental and economic determinants of mental health:
Risk Factor Identification Risk Control
Lack of education, transport, housing Literacy and proper economic stability
Poor nutrition, Poverty Empowerment, Proper Nutritional care
Urbanization Safe Shared Places to interact
Violence and War Social responsibility and stable environment
Unemployment Literacy and skill development
Peer rejection Positive interpersonal interactions
Racial injustice and discrimination Ethnic minorities’ integration
Social Networking
• 23% of teens report that they are or have been the
target of cyber bullying ultimately leading to
depressive episode and other conduct disorders.
• Using social networking websites like Facebook,
twitter etc. For more than 2 hours in a day-may lead
to life style related diseases and mental disorders.
- National Institute of Mental Health (2012)
4/12

6. Secondary Prevention
5/12
EARLY DIAGNOSIS
• Screening programs in
school, universities,
industry, recreation
centers, etc. for early
diagnosis of mental
illness.
• Screening of substance
abuse disorders
• Pay attention to warning
signs
• Get routine medical
checkup
• Don’t hesitate to ask for
help
TREATMENT
• Pharmacological
• Psychotherapy, Group therapy
• Cognitive behavioral therapy
• Biofeedback therapy
• Creative therapy
-art therapy
-music therapy
-play therapy
• Electroconvulsive therapy
• VNS -Vagus Nerve Stimulation
• TMS -Trans cranial Magnetic
Stimulation
• Surgical

7. Secondary prevention in the Case Discussed
6/12
• Is made through symptoms and signs
• Symptoms & Signs-
• Feeling of sadness
• Social cutoff
• Reduced Motivation
• Helplessness
• Suicidal Tendency
Early
Diagnosis
• Pharmacological:
SSRIs(Selective Serotonin
Reuptake Inhibitors)-FluoxetineTreatment

8. Warning signs (prodromal symptoms)
7/12
Seeing
hearing
things
which are
not there
confused,
hard to
cope with
life
Anxious,
find hard
to sleep or
sleep more
than usual
Seclusion,
feeling of
extreme
high and
low
Self
inflicted
injuries,
Suicidal
thoughts
Changes in
school
performance
hyperactivity
conc. loss

9. TERTIARY PREVENTION
8/12
Disability
limitation
Family support
Compliance towards
long term
medications
De addiction
Counseling

10. 9/12
Rehabilitation
Community
residential
services
Workplace
accommodations
Social and family
support
Coping skills and activity of
daily life and socializing
Support
employment
Institutionalization
Ecological:
Reduce potential stressors
And create social support
Individual centered:
Developing skills and
social interaction

11. National Mental Health Programme
10/12
Launched in 1982, presently covers 94 districts in India
Objectives:
 Availability and accessibility of
mental health care for all
 Encourage application of mental
health knowledge
 Promote community
participation
Programme Strategies:
 Integration of mental health with
primary health care
 Provision of tertiary care
institution to provide mental
health services.
 Eradicating Stigmatization
Components of District Mental health Programme:
• Training programmes of all workers in identified nodal institute.
• Public education in mental health to increase awareness and reduce stigma.
• For early detection and treatment the OPD and indoor services are provided.
• Providing data and experience to state and center for further planning and actions.

12. 11/12

13. Celebrities with mental disorders
12/12
John Nash
M
e
l
G
i
b
s
i
n
Howard
Hughes
Michael
Phelps
Kurt Cobain
Heath LedgerParveen Babi

14. It is an odd paradox that a society, which can now speak openly and unabashedly about topics
that were once unspeakable, still remains largely silent when it comes to mental illness.
- Glenn Close
Flu, Holiday
Njoyyyyy 
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