Presentation from the Livestock Inter-Agency Donor Group (IADG) Meeting 2010. 4-5 May 2010 Italy, Rome IFAD Headquarters. The event involved approximately 45 representatives from the international partner agencies to discuss critical needs for livestock development and research issues for the coming decade. [ Originally posted on http://www.cop-ppld.net/cop_knowledge_base ]

1. THE EMERGING “ONE HEALTH”
AGENDA
IADG
IFAD, Rome
May 4-5, 2010
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2. OUTLINE
• Where we came from
• Where we are
• Where we are going
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3. Do we know from whence
we came?
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4. EMERGING AND RE-EMERGING INFECTIOUS
DISEASES 1996 - 2003
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5. Some of the more recent
threats:
• BSE
• SARS
• H5N1
• H1N1
• Y2K?
These are not one-off events
• Known Pathogens -1,415; 61% of animal
origin
• Spanish flu of 1918-1919 that killed 5
between 50-100 million people

6. Economic Impact of Selected Diseases
$50bn
SARS
China, Hong Kong,
Singapore, Canada,…
$50bn+
$40bn
Estimated Cost
$30bn Foot & Mouth
UK
$30bn
$20bn
Avian Flu, Asia
Swine Flu,
BSE, UK Netherlands
US, Canada
$10bn Foot & Mouth
$10-13bn $2.3bn $10bn
Taiwan, $5-8bn BSE, Canada
$1.5bn
BSE, US
Nipah, Malaysia BSE, $3.5bn
Lyme disease $350-400m Japan Avian Flu, EU
US, $2.5bn 1.5bn $500m
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 6
Source: Bio-Era. Courtesy of Dr. Will Hueston, Center for Animal Health and Food Safety, UM

7. Do we know where we are?
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8. GLOBAL EFFORT TO CONTROL
H5N1 AND H1N1
• 7th Ministerial Meeting – Hanoi, April 20-2, 2010.
• Approximately US$3.9 B committed & US$2.7 B
disbursed.
• WB alone has 72 operations in 60 countries.
We have learned along the way
• Pandemic prevention and control requires a
multi-sectoral effort -- Several Ministries.
• A health systems approach is required: human-
animal-ecosystems.
• Cost of control escalates with time --between 8
detection and control.

9. Do we know where we are
going?
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10. “One Health” --The Divergence of
Views:
A Milestone in the Development of
Health Systems and the “Health in All
Policies” Concept?
OR
Opportunistic collaborate if or when
necessary?
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11. ONE HEALTH
“the collaborative efforts of multiple disciplines
working locally, nationally and globally to attain
optimal health for people, animals and our
environment” (American Veterinary Medical Association 2008)
Pursuing that Paradigm in Operational terms means
gradualism. Thus with respect to controlling zoonotic
disease --pandemic potential and neglected:
“controlling these diseases at the human-animal-
ecosystems interface” --the outcome is more effective
and efficient Public Health services.
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12. “One Health” Evolution
Specialization Increased
human Intra-sectoral
medicine Specialization
Joint human
and animal “One Health”
health
providers Specialization
veterinary Increased
medicine Intra-sectoral
Specialization
17-19 th
20 th. century 20 -21 th. century
century
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13. Scope: Ecosystems Health Focus
Ecosystems health
Domestic
Human Animal
health Health
This is a Cabinet level focus! Ministries of Health, Agriculture, Finance,
Environment, Infrastructure, Interior, Military, Tourism, Civil Society
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14. One Health Concept
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15. Does a “One Health Concept” make sense?
• Faster understanding of biology and
epidemiology of newly emerging zoonotic
diseases.
• Enhancing effectiveness and efficiency of
surveillance and diagnosis of known (unknown?)
diseases.
• Enhancing effectiveness of control and resource
use.
• Enhancing efficiency of infrastructure dev.
• Galvanize cross-sectoral and inter-disciplinary
collaboration at national and supra-national
levels. 15

16. Institutional Capacity Building a
Prerequisite
I. Case-by-case “emergency” action
Inefficient. Cooperation not sustainable, new emergency –
new effort.
II. Permanent coordination mechanisms for contingency planning
and emergency action
Preparedness plans: On legal basis or through less formal
memorandum of understanding.
III. Permanent , multi-disciplinary inter-departmental task force
“One Health” teams? Responsibility for surveillance,
information sharing, business continuity and “fire-brigade”
capacity.
IV. Merging of existing structures into independent agency
Greater efficiency but low political attractiveness and
doubtful economic justification.
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17. Vertical and horizontal orientation in
disease prevention and control
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18. THANK YOU!
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