Fascism is a totalitarian ideology that seeks to control all aspects of society and life through an authoritarian government. It emphasizes nationalism, reactionary values, and a charismatic leader. Fascism aims to create a "new synthesis" that overcomes liberalism and socialism by focusing on national and racial identity rather than individuals. It uses fear, propaganda, and militarism to inspire patriotism and obedience to the state above all else.

1. Fascism
Dr. Christopher S. Rice

5. Totalitarian
+
Reactionary

6. Totalitarianism
the complete control of society –
government, social, economic,
cultural institutions – in order to
fulfill an ideological vision of how
society should be organized and
how life should be lived.

7. Gleichschaltung

8. Reactionary

9. Fascism is “a synthesis and a unit
inclusive of all values…from beneath
the ruins of liberal, socialist, and
democratic doctrines, Fascism extracts
those elements which are still vital…
supercede[s] socialism and supercede[s]
liberalism…creates a new
synthesis…Man is integral, he is
political, he is economic, he is religious,
he is saint, he is warrior.”
- Benito Mussolini

10. A Syncretic Ideology

11. Concerns on the Right

12. Concerns on the Left

13. Corporatism

14. Defining Fascism

15. nationalism + conservatism = Fascism

16. nationalism + socialism = Fascism

17. Fascism
an ideology which strives to forge
social rebirth based on a holistic-national
radical Third Way, though in
practice it has tended to stress style,
especially action and the charismatic
leader, more than detailed program,
and a demonization of its enemies.

18. Goin’ Fishin…

19. Nationalism

20. Volkish movement

21. Anti-Enlightenment/anti-positivism

22. Psychology
Philosophy
Sociology

23. Superpatriotism
the tendency to place nationalistic
pride and supremacy above every
other public consideration, the
readiness to follow our leaders
uncritically in their dealings with
other nations, especially
confrontations involving the use of
military force and violence.

24. FEAR!

25. “The people can always be brought
to the bidding of the leaders. That is
easy. All you have to do is tell them
they are being attacked and
denounce the pacifists for lack of
patriotism and exposing the country
to danger. It works the same way in
any country.”
- Hermann Goering

26. “In order to bring a nation to
support the burdens of maintaining
great military establishments, it is
necessary to create an emotional
state akin to war psychology. There
must be the portrayal of external
menace.”
- John Foster Dulles

27. The Cold War
The Long War

28. Human Nature

30. We are defined by our
differences…

32. Freedom

33. Everything in the state,
nothing outside the state,
nothing against the state.

34. Believe, Obey, Fight!

35. The
Leader

36. 3 Elements of Fascist Elitism
• Fascism abandons the idea of electoral
accountability.
• Power is centralized and unlimited, rather
than divided and checked.
• Rulers derive superior knowledge about
the national interest from their own
intuitions, rather than deriving goals and
programs by consulting the people.

37. 3 Elements of Fascist Elitism
• Fascism abandons the idea of electoral
accountability.
• Power is centralized and unlimited, rather
than divided and checked.
• Rulers derive superior knowledge about
the national interest from their own
intuitions, rather than deriving goals and
programs by consulting the people.

38. Fuehrerprinzip

39. 3 Elements of Fascist Elitism
• Fascism abandons the idea of electoral
accountability.
• Power is centralized and unlimited, rather
than divided and checked.
• Rulers derive superior knowledge about
the national interest from their own
intuitions, rather than deriving goals and
programs by consulting the people.

40. Insistence on “belief”

41. The Herd

42. Cult of Personality

43. Nazism

44. Similarities to
Fascism

45. Fascism + Racism = Nazism

46. volksgemeinschaft

47. Britt’s Study of Fascism
• Adolph Hitler’s Nazi Germany
• Benito Mussolini’s Italy
• Francisco Franco's Spain
• Antonio De Oliveiro Salazar's Portugal
• George Papadopolous's Greece
• Agosto Pinochet's Chile
• Mohamed Suharto's Indonesia

48. The 14 Defining Characteristics of Fascism
1. Powerful and Continuing Nationalism
2. Disdain for Human Rights
3. Identification of Enemies As A Unifying Cause
4. Supremacy of the Military
5. Rampant Sexism
6. Controlled Mass Media
7. Obsession With National Security
8. Religion and Government Intertwined
9. Corporate Power Protected
10. Labor Power Suppressed
11. Disdain for Intellectuals and the Arts
12. Obsession With Crime and Punishment
13. Rampant Cronyism and Corruption
14. Fraudulent Elections