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Thyroid Gland ,[object Object],[object Object],Figure 17.8a
Thyroid Gland ,[object Object],[object Object],Figure 17.8a
Thyroid Hormone (TH) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Thyroid hormones ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Figure 5.3.3 Effect of TSH on the thyroid gland. A.  Hypothyroid follicles.  B.  Euthyroid (normal) follicles.  C.  Stimulated hyperplastic follicles.
SYNTHESIS AND TRANSPORT OF THYROID HORMONES ,[object Object]
Synthesis of Thyroid Hormone ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Synthesis of Thyroid Hormone
Pathway of thyroid hormone synthesis.
Transport of thyroid hormones
Transport and Regulation of TH ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
TSH REGULATION OF  THYROID FUNCTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Activation of T4 in Target Tissues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Mechanism of thyroid hormone action via its nuclear receptor. Thyroid hormone diffuses and/or is transported across plasma and nuclear membranes to bind to its receptor. The thyroid hormone receptor (striped) is localized almost exclusively in the nucleus where it associated with DNA as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with RXR (stippled). The hormone-activated receptor binds to thyroid hormone response elements (TRE’s) to alter rates of gene transcription and consequently levels of mRNA.
Thyroid hormone has two major physiological functions : ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Other Actions  ,[object Object],[object Object]
Calcitonin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Endemic Goiter
Hyperthyroidism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hypothyroidism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
Regulation of calcium ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Calcium homeostasis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Calcium homeostasis
Calcium and phosphate ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bone  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PTH secretion is regulated by the plasma Ca concentration  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Actions of PTH ,[object Object]
Action of PTH on bone ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Action of PTH on  kidney ,[object Object],[object Object]
Action of PTH on  small intestine ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Control of calcium
Calcitonin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Vitamin D ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Synthesis of Vitamin D ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Actions of Vitamin D ,[object Object]
Intestine ,[object Object],[object Object]
Kidney ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bone ,[object Object]
Parathyroid Glands: Disorders ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Parathyroid Glands: Disorders ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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thyriod gd & parathyod

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5. Figure 5.3.3 Effect of TSH on the thyroid gland. A. Hypothyroid follicles. B. Euthyroid (normal) follicles. C. Stimulated hyperplastic follicles.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 9. Pathway of thyroid hormone synthesis.
  • 11.
  • 12.  
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. Mechanism of thyroid hormone action via its nuclear receptor. Thyroid hormone diffuses and/or is transported across plasma and nuclear membranes to bind to its receptor. The thyroid hormone receptor (striped) is localized almost exclusively in the nucleus where it associated with DNA as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with RXR (stippled). The hormone-activated receptor binds to thyroid hormone response elements (TRE’s) to alter rates of gene transcription and consequently levels of mRNA.
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