minerales grupo 12

1. MINERALS

2. • To be classified as a true mineral, a
substance must be a solid and have a
crystalline structure. It must also be
a naturally occurring, homogeneous
substance with a defined chemical
composition

3. • The International Mineralogical
Association approved the following
definition in 1995:
A mineral is an element or chemical
compound that is normally crystalline
and that has been formed as a result of
geological processes.

4. SCALE OF MHOS
The Mohs scale of mineral hardness is
based on the ability of one natural
sample of matter to scratch another.
The samples of matter used by Mohs
are all minerals. Minerals are pure
substances found in nature. Rocks
are made up of one or more minerals

5. • To be classified as a true mineral, a substance
must be a solid and have a crystalline
structure. It must also be a naturally
occurring, homogeneous substance with a
defined chemical composition.
• The international mineraroligal association
approved the following definition in 1995:

6. • "A mineral is an element or chemical compound that is
normally crystalline and that has been formed as a result of
geological processes." According to this definition and
classification scheme, biogenic materials were excluded
from the mineral kingdom:
"Biogenic substances are chemical compounds
produced entirely by biological processes without
a geological component and are not regarded as
minerals. However, if geological processes were
involved in the genesis of the compound, then
the product can be accepted as a mineral.

7. SCALE 1
• TALC:a number of transit-related projects and ballot
measures since its inception

8. SCALE 2
• CALCIUM:is essential for living organisms, in
particular in cell physiology

9. SCALE 3
• CALCITE: is a carbonate mineral and the most stable
polymorph of calcium carbonate

10. SCALE 4
• FLOURITE:(also called fluorspar) is a halide mineral
composed of calcium fluoride

11. SCALE 5
• APATITE:Apatite is a group of phosphate minerals,
usually referring to hydroxylapatite, fluorapatite,
chlorapatite and bromapatite

12. SCALE 6
• Orthoclase Feldspar:Orthoclase (endmember
formula KAlSi3O8) is an important tectosilicate
mineral which forms igneous rock

13. SCALE 7
· QUARTZ:Quartz is an abundant mineral in the Earth's
continental crust

14. SCALE 8
• TOPAZ:Topaz is a silicate mineral of aluminium and
fluorine with the chemical formula

15. SCALE 9
• CORUNDUM:Corundum is a crystalline form of
aluminium oxide (Al2O3) with traces of iron, titanium
and chromium

16. SCALE 10
• DIAMOND:is an allotrope of carbon, where the
carbon atoms are arranged in a variation of the face-
centered cubic crystal structure called a diamond
lattice

17. FIN