India's Technical & Vocational Education ( TVET) 20landscape in 2025

1. 1, YP Chawla 2, Dr RSP Singh
1,Advisor Joint Electricity
Regulatory Commission & National
Joint Secy. IIPE, & Research Scholar
ypchawla@gmail.com;
+91 98107 08707
2,Associate Prof. School of
Vocational Education & Training –
IGNOU and Research Guide
rspsingh@ignou.ac.in;
+91 11 29571645; +91 98181 56941
1

2. 30.91
-2.27
17.35
14.99
6.92
-7.48
3.77
-3.34
5.65
-1.41
8.29
-1.68
7.17
-5.08
5.61
-6.64
5.56
-4.16
5.82
0.4
5.73
-10.72
5.08
-5.77
6.935
-16.66
3.44
0.4
2.12
-3.27
xx.Xx Yr
2006-07 &
2011-12
-x.xx (-) is
Shaded
Lower Box :
Yr 2012-13
-2.98
2.11
12.3
-4.69
4.67
-5.22
Workforce
Reduction
2

3. Sectoral Changes in Work force
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
Annual Rate of Employement in Labour Intensive Industries
Annual Change for 2008-09 and 2011-12 Change in 2012-13
3

4. China
Thailand
S.Korea
Indonesia
Malaysia
Singapore
Philippines
Brazil
Mexico
India
S.Africa
CY
1991
32.5 28.2 27.4 21.4 25.6 26.1 25.3 25.3 20.6 15.2 22.9
CY
2010
32.5 35.6 30.3 24.8 24.6 21.6 21.4 16.2 17.3 14.9 14.7
India Ranks 52nd Globally in terms of
Manufacturing Value Added ( MVA) as a %
of GDP. “High-Tech” products, value-added
manufacturing needs to be an integral part
“ Make in India”. The Dollar Business ( Jan
2015 Edition) identifies five industries that
bear the potential to uplift India’s
manufacturing sector, with right catalysts
put in place by the policymakers 4

5. Video Clip -Make in India
5

6. Low
Technology
Skills High
Technology
Skills
Skills with
Least Human
Intervention
Indian labor market becoming increasingly polarized, with rapid growth
in wages, high-skill professional jobs Highly Educated taking low-wage,
low skill jobs .
This raises concern about : Availability of Low Skill jobs with Low Skill
wages. 6

7. 7

8. Dairy Farmers,
Enterprenuers,
19350
Jewellery
Retails Sales
Associate,
22455
Customer Care
Executive ( Call
centers),
34493
Instore
Promoter,
46931Sales
Associate,
51018
Business
Correspondent
s / Business
Facilitators
(BC/BF), 68088
Domestic Data
Entry
Operators,
79850
Unarmed
Security
Gaurds, 88426
Trainee
Associates,
126217
Skilled,Trained & Certified as on 31.12.2014
8

9. Almost 93 % of India’s 475 Mn. Labour Market Work force work in un-
organized sector & contribute to about 50% of India’s GDP. Census planned.9

10. This is due to Advanced Technologies and Automation 10

11. 11

12. Land scape earlier developed
• Organized Retail : 17.3 mn. Real Estate : 17 mn.
• Health Care : 12.7 mn. Food Processing : 9.3 mn.
• Education & Skill Development Services : 5.8 mn
Impact of “ Make in India” Campaign on previous Skill Land Scape
12

13. Conclusions
• Quality Vs. Quantity of Skilled Manpower is to be chosen correctly. Some of
the Industry (high technology)do not find any value addition in Skilling.
• As envisaged today, the Skill Scape for 2025 will be around the key industries
in India poised to drive growth during this period that include:
• Infrastructure and construction: India targeted to be world’s third-largest
construction market by 2025.
• Automobile manufacturing: Rising cost of automobile ownership , high fuel
prices and interest rates, A younger demographic, low labor costs, and a
plentiful supply of engineers are capable of turning India into a global hub for
auto manufacturing as Global customers becoming more cost-conscious.
• Banking, Financial Services and Insurance (BFSI) :boost because of
expansion and funding requirements for these sectors covering Rural India,
along with the urban lower-middle class.
• Textile & Clothing meeting the growing need for huge population and
exports based on low cost labour
• Transport & Logistics: expanding to meet Infrastructural & Industrial needs.
13

14. • Wholesale and retail: Rising incomes, growing middle class, young brand
conscious consumers, technological advancements, and the proliferation of
nuclear families will strengthen this sector, playing a prominent role in future
growth. Organized retail (licensed retailers such as corporate-backed
supermarkets and retail chains), has redefined the retail experience in India.
The segregated market, including wholesale, multiband, single brand, and
online retail, along with neighborhood “mom-and-pop” stores, will put
pressure on retailers to innovate to compete.
• Real Estate: meeting growing needs of the housing for big population base.
• Health Care & Pharmaceuticals: Low investment and poor health Indian
infrastructure has limited the growth of this sector. Indian pharmaceutical
industry is projected to surpass other leading emerging economies in the
21st century as a global center for end-to-end drug discovery and innovation.
Changing profile of health problems, rise in early detection of acute diseases,
and increasing availability of treatment facilities, have boosted the demand
for drugs, as well as the need for health care diagnostic facilities in the
metropolitan areas due to a rising middle class. Large rural market still
remains to be un tapped. Growth Pharmaceuticals
Conclusions… Contd.
14

15. •Agriculture and Food Processing: Agriculture produce Aggregation and
processing for feeding millions.
•Information and communication technology (ICT): World’s second-largest
mobile subscriber base (900 million) India, and the third-highest Internet
subscriber base. IT spending by businesses and consumers to increase. Aiding
wider ICT sector, with greater penetration of computing technology,
smartphones, and the Internet in both urban and rural areas.
•Solar Energy – More Important Now after visit of POTUS
•Education and Skilling: The Skilling itself has become a big job market.
Stable government crucial in improving investment sentiments attracting
global various manufacturers to establish factories and R&D centers in India.
These factors with key drivers of growth in manufacturing “Make in India”.
Conclusions.. Contd.
15

16. Recommendations
• National Institute of Transforming India (NITI) Aayog is requested to have
a holistic relook into Investment, Job creation and related Skill needs.
Action: PMO
• India needs Vishwamitras (Trainers) for Transforming our Work force
through Transition like Rama & Lakshman were trained. These Vishwamitras
can being in excellence in TVET Skilling. Action: Industry & Skilling
Institutions.
• Scale and Speed (with in a time frame) are a must for Skilling India- a must
for India’s growth; otherwise we will miss the bus to reach the growth levels
we are aspiring for and ACT - Action Collaboration & Transformation to
make an IMPACT on Economics & the Polity . Action: Industry & Skilling
Institutions.
• Skill Standards are to be developed faster, made known to the stakeholders
and everyone to work for meeting the requirements. Till Sector Skill
Councils finalize Skill Standards, Industry can come up these standards of
their own and can make a contribution in developing these voluntarily
Action: Industry & Skilling Institutions.
16

17. 0
1
2
3
4
5
SKillLevel
Skill Gaps in Automation - Entrants vs. Industry
Requirements Entrant
Indl. Reqmt
17

18. 0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Site Assesment Work
Average
Sample Score
SkillStandardsforSolarRenewableEnergy
Skill Gaps Solar Power Got Thrust
18

19. These insights provide a glimpse of the
corporate world ( Industry Profile) to the skill
supply side, can be used as guidelines for
matchmaking the talent supply and demand
sides.
19

20. Indian Hiring Report
2015 CII, Wheebox
WHEEBOX EMPLOYABILITY SKILL
TEST (WEST) assessed the test
takers on five areas. Test taken
by about 3,00,000 students
across states and domain areas.
20

21. Skilled under NDSC Programs ( numbers as on 30.9.2014)
Agriculture/Rural Farm 1,46,965
2 Automobile / auto components 2,03,450
3 Aviation 1,422
4 Banking/Insurance and finance 2,28,423
5 Building & Construction 1,05,524
6 Capital Goods 4,733
7 Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals 3,515
8 Education/ skill development 97,480
9 Electrical Hardware 4,013
10 Electronics & IT Hardware 61,936
11 Engineering 11,321
12 Entrepreneurial Skills 6,210
13 FMCG 407
14 Food Processing/Cold Chain/ Refrigeration 2,808
15 Gems & Jewelry 54,22121

22. 15 General 804
16 Government 919
17 Handloom and Handicrafts 3,947
18 Health Care 1,01,249
19 Infra 1,512
20 IT or software 1,82,199
21 ITES-BPO 1,04,462
22 IT-ITES 4,44,611
23 Leather and leather goods 20,151
24 Manufacturing 11,552
25
Media, entertainment, broadcasting, content
creation, animation 13,641
26 Organized Retail 4,46,071
27 Others 83,583
28 Plumbing 10,259
29 Rural non farm 8,668
30 Security 1,35,83022

23. 31
Select Informal Sectors (domestic help, beauticians,
facility management) 27,926
32 Service Sector 75,292
33 Soft-skills and English Communication 14,504
34 Telecom 5,73,880
35 Textiles and Garments 29,922
36 Tourism, hospitality and travel 42,091
37 Rubber 4,325
38 Mining 0
39 Transport and logistics 7,439
Total 32,77,265
A Long Leap Required To Catch
Up 23

24. • Enhancing Industrial growth base with zero defect and zero effect
(environment) is behind the philosophy of “Make in India”, through Skilled
workforce. Action: Industry.
• Our Skilled / TVET work force is to be highly efficient to meet global Skill
standards aligned to Post 2015 requirements set by UN and today skilled
workforce acts as a currency for the country. Action: Industry & Skilling
Institutions.
• Achieve excellence in manufacturing, Multiskilling is answer to dynamic
change in Technologies. Action: Industry and Skilling Institutions
• Indian Political empowerment achieve a rank of 15 / 142 at World’s
Economic forum 2014 but ranks poorly in Education attainment 126/142,
Economic Participation & Opportunity Index 134/142. The Govt. has now in
turn is required to empower its people with Skills and Employment,
Employment opportunities by facilitating FDI by investor friendly policies,
rules, laws, procedures in terms of Labour laws, Land acquisition and
approvals to help uplift India’s global rank of “ease of doing business” to help
India get technologies, Finances for people’s empowerment. Action: Govt. of
India.
Recommendations.. Contd.
24

25. • Talent development to support achieving “Make in India”, the
Skilling Institutions have not to work for plucking the low hanging
fruits but what the Industry needs. Action: Skilling Institution
• India to quickly bring in Vocational training programs matching the
aspirations of youth, to make them adaptive of the economy,
collaborative and be credible (and portable) certifications.
Portability to be between certificates, diplomas, degrees and also
geographical across Globe. Action: Government
• MSMEs to be empowered to play an important role to create a
brand image of India in labour intensive for higher employment
generation. Action: Government
Recommendations.. Contd.
New Industry, Industry Expansion, Entrepreneur
Organizations / MSME, New Jobs, Skilling Infrastructure ITIs
, ITCs and Matching Skill scape for getting the manpower with
above Skills requiring an Holistic Approach. 25

26. 26

27. 27

28. • Support Slides
28

29. • For India, where the literacy rate has a huge
variation from one end of the country to
another; and more than 90% of the workforce
is part of un-organized sector, this is the most
daunting task ever, and the sub optimal
quality of the workforce is something that
increases the challenge associated with it by
multiple levels.
29

30. Here's how the manifestos of BJP and Congress did on the word count.
Congress released its manifesto on March 26, 2014. BJP did so on April 7, 2014.
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/bjp-congress-manifesto/1/355361.html30

31. THE INDIA SKILLS REPORT 2014 CII , People Strong & Wheebox 31

32. Electronics
Auto
ComponentsAuto
Auto
Components
Auto
Electricals
Auto
Electricals
Pharmaceuticals
Pharmaceuticals
32

33. Crude is now being Replaced by Shale Oil –Man is dynamic in finding
Solutions
Crude Global Price
In USD
Year
33

34. India loading the
Coal buckets
manually
Automated Australian
Coal Mining from 575
Ms. Mining Pits that
has become a Joy ride
/museum now
34