A lecture given by Professor Punter on 8 December 2010 outlining his views for housing development in cardiff. Uploaded by Cardiff Civic Society by permission. www.cardiffcivicsociety.org

1. The future growth of Cardiff and region: towards a sustainable urban extension Professor John Punter CPLAN CPLAN Innovation and Engagement Seminar: 8 December 2010

4. Housing numbers, types, locations

8. Planning history

9. Buchanan’s alternatives for Cardiff’s growth 1966-2000: A city of 500,000 3 of his 6 prescient models of growth

10. 1977 Structure Plan emphasised NE growth: 3000 homes short Plans recognise the problem: Do not implement the solution 1983 Structure Plan prioritised Bay but retained Cardiff Gate + WIBP

11. Poorly planned: poor public transport: coarse grain of uses: car-oriented; poor walkability: disconnected green space: low biodiversity: ‘anyplace’ housebuilder layouts/designs Pontprennau CC Local Plan 1996

12. 2001 UDP: NE and NW growth: 5000 homes short Note proposal to restore rail link to Creigiau and Church Village Note greenbelt protection given to St Fagans

13. Deposit Plan 2009: withdrawn March 2010 Note ‘white land’: not protected: not allocated pre 2021

14. Obvious development options: or export all the family housing!

15. Cardiff LDP 2009:Constraints Map: flood risk constrains options

16. Regional issues

17. Must work in ways that spread prosperity ..in a coherent and low carbon way..key settlements as employment hubs with distinct identity..targeted affordable housing Wales Spatial Plan 2004/2008: spreading prosperity: regenerate the Valleys through exporting housing?

19. Rhonnda Cynon Taff LDP 2010 14,750 houses allocated 800 800 1275 1700 500 800 Llanharan Llantrisant Beddau Creigiau Llantwit Fadre WIBP Church Village

20. Church Village/Beddau: car dominated sprawl: New by-pass: long term plans for rail link to Pontyclun

21. Llantrisant: drive-in ‘Edge City’: identity? low carbon?

22. Caerphilly LDP 2006-2021 8,625 homes 1673 dwellings 3127 dwellings Valleys take the overspill but car commuting still 87%

23. 400 600 400 2950 500 300 1500 400 800 373 674 140 Northern Valleys: major housing allocations in current LDPs

24. Importance of in-commuting to Cardiff: 2005/2007 Vale 17k: 5k out RCT 14k: 4k out C’philly 10k: 2k out 10% by rail 87% by car (63% drivers) Unsustainable

25. LDP 2014-2033 Options

27. Alternative sites consultation 2009 : landowner/developer ambitions : Two long-standing large scale options in NE and NW, but latter offers longer term solution

28. North East Cardiff: Redrow/part WAG land ca 4000 homes

29. Protects Lisvane, reservoirs, streams Green buffers on M4 and Nant Glandulas Potential energy efficiency homes (WAG) Traditional ‘high streets’: live work units Extensive employment area Mixed housing types: walkable services Public transport? No bus-rail integration?

30. Earl of Plymouth Estates Estate owns ca 80% of land within M4/PDR Old style car dependence Needs re-planning North West Cardiff: 2008 proposals: Phase 1 3,500 homes

31. A sustainable urban extension?

32. The landscape/ecology considerations The transportation conundrum The city and sub-regional connections

33. Biodiversity concerns to shape site planning Source: CC Biodiversity Action Plan

35. LDP Preferred Strategy 2008

36. Precedents

37. Participative process and mixed use/tenure scheme Original scheme: old style Enquiry by Design, masterplan, code Dwellings 3,700 6,400 Retail 700m2 13,320 sm Business zero 70,850 m Open space 52% 28% Precedents: 1: Upton, Northampton

38. Upton

39. Precedent 2: Newcastle’s northern extension : shows the importance of testing alternative models with multiple criteria: linear solution (left) gave very high accessibility but required major investment in a new transit line: the cellular scheme (right) uses existing Metro stations, invades the greenbelt, but uses higher densities close to stations.

40. New sustainable suburb of Vauban, Freiburg, Germany 5,000 people, 600 jobs at 50 du/ha gross: 4 storeys maximum: no mass house builders Tram based: 65% walk/cycle: CHP supply / low energy throughout: Council Cttee + Agencies + Forum manage the development 3: Freiburg: continental exemplar

41. Conclusions

43. Provision of affordable housing has declined as a proportion of market housing

45. Connecting through Wales International Business Park to Creigiau and Beddau to serve RCT Jct 32M4 Jct 32 M4

46. SEWTA transport plans £ 65m pa funding cannot deliver quality network 77,000 in-commuters 2006 Rapid increase from Vale/RCT