The document summarizes a study on family expectations and reactions to the BODY WORLDS exhibit, which displays real human specimens. Parents expected their children to have a less positive experience than they themselves expected. Children were overall positive in their expectations. While adults anticipated negative emotions in children, children and adults' actual reactions were similar and positive, showing adults did not accurately predict children's affective responses. Both parents and children viewed BODY WORLDS as educational and appropriate for children under 13.

1. Family Friendly Controversy Affective and Cognitive Expectations for and Reactions to BODY WORLDS Kimberly M. Burtnyk, M.Sc. Manager of Research and Evaluation, Amgen Center for Science Learning California Science Center

10. Parent expectations for children (relative to child self-expectations) Positive Expectations

11. Parent expectations for children (relative to child self-expectations) Negative Expectations

12. Profile Analyses Any Likert type scale or Semantic Differential can be analyzed using “Profile Analysis.” E.g. This exhibit was: Totally Somewhat Neither agree Somewhat Totally disagree disagree nor disagree agree agree Fun 0 1 2 3 4 Silly 0 1 2 3 4 Educational 0 1 2 3 4 Exciting 0 1 2 3 4 The exhibit was… Terrible 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Fantastic Ugly 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Beautiful Exciting 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Boring

13. Profile Analyses For each variable, mean scores are calculated and plotted to see the “profile” of visitor responses. E.g.:

14. Profile Analyses Comparisons can then be made between independent variables such as Age, Gender, Education, etc.

16. Adult Self Expectations Adult (of self) mean = 5.19, SD = 0.37

17. Adult Self Expectations vs. Adult Expectations of Child P < 0.04 Adult (of self) mean = 5.19, SD = 0.37 Adult (of child) mean = 4.78, SD = 0.41

18. Adult Expectations of Child Adult (of child) mean = 4.78, SD = 0.41

19. Adult Expectations of Child vs. Child Self Expectations Adult (of child) mean = 4.78, SD = 0.41 Child (self) mean = 4.88, SD = 0.46

20. Male and Female Child Affective Expectations Female mean = 4.95, SD = 0.45 Male mean = 4.81, SD = 0.44

21. Adult Expectations of Male and Female Children Adult expect of Female child mean = 4.80, SD = 0.42 Adult expect of Male child mean = 4.75, SD = 0.36

22. Male and Female Adult Expectations of Children Adult Female (expect of child) mean = 4.81, SD = 0.44 Adult Male (expect of child) mean = 4.72, SD = 0.36

24. How well did adults predict children’s affective responses to BODY WORLDS? Conducted profile analyses on the following: 1) Adult expectations vs. Child outcomes – how well did adults predict the experience children would have? 2) Child expectations vs. Child outcomes – how well did children themselves gauge their own response? So what happened?

25. Adult Expectations vs. Child Outcomes ( Mean scores) Adult (of child) Pre mean = 4.78, SD = 0.41

26. Adult Expectations vs. Child Outcomes ( Mean scores) Adult (of child) Pre mean = 4.78, SD = 0.41 Child Self Post mean = 4.83, SD = 0.46

27. Child Expectations vs. Child Outcomes ( Mean scores) Child Self Pre mean = 4.88, SD = 0.46 Child Self Post mean = 4.83, SD = 0.46

29. Additional exhibit specific information: Plastination, real bodies, made in Germany, controversial, donated bodies. Excluding anatomical terms. Exhibit specific (non-anatomy) Exhibit Negative/tentative affective comments: “wrong,” “gross,” “disgusting.” Negative comment Positive affective responses, any statement of enjoyment/excitement, “fun,” “cool,” “interesting.” Cool/ interesting Good/need/learn for school and or school project. Good for school “ Educational,” “learn science,” “know more about,” “informative.” Educational Gen. expct’ns See/Learn about health related: smoking, disease, healthy, “fatty foods” Health See/Learn about “what the body looks like inside”: “see inside,” “under the skin,” “what's under the body.” See Inside the body See/Learn about “how the body works” or any process/function of the body. How the body works Bodily f’cns See/Learn about “anatomy,” common terms: “the human body,” or groups of body parts such as “muscles,” “organs,” “tissues.” General Anatomy See/Learn about anatomical terms that are specific but familiar parts of the body: “hip,” “heart,” “lungs,” “brain,” “nerves.” Neutral Anatomy See/Learn about specific/less common anatomical terms: “pancreas,” “breast tissue,” “brain cells,” “vascular system.” Specific Anatomy Anat. terms Definition and examples Category

30. Parent and Child Cognitive Expectations What Children and Parents Expected to see in BODY WORLDS

31. Learning Outcomes Summary What Kids said They Learned vs. What Parents Thought their Kids Learned

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