Science 7 - LAND and SEA BREEZE and its Characteristics
Geospatial Linked Open Services
1. KIT – University of the State of Baden-Württemberg and
National Laboratory of the Helmholtz Association
KARLSRUHE SERVICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (KSRI)
INSTITUTE OF APPLIED INFORMATICS AND FORMAL DESCRIPTION METHODS (AIFB)
www.ksri.kit.edu
SEMANTIC TECHNOLOGIES INSTITUTE (STI)
Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton, Reto Krummenacher
Towards Digital Earth @ FIS2010, September 20, 2010
2. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
Linked Open Data Cloud 2007
3. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
Linked Open Data Cloud 2008
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
4. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
Linked Open Data Cloud 2009
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
5. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
State of the Art –
GeoNames.org
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
6. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
State of the Art –
GeoNames.org Services
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
7. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
State of the Art –
GeoNames.org Services
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
8. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
State of the Art –
GeoNames.org Weather Service
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
9. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
State of the Art –
GeoNames.org Weather Service
{"weatherObservation":
{"clouds":"broken clouds",
"weatherCondition":"drizzle",
"observation":"LESO 251300Z 03007KT
340V040 CAVOK 23/15 Q1010",
"windDirection":30,
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
10. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
State of the Art –
GeoNames.org Weather Service
{"weatherObservation":
{"clouds":"broken clouds",
"weatherCondition":"drizzle",
"observation":"LESO 251300Z 03007KT
340V040 CAVOK 23/15 Q1010",
"windDirection":30,
"ICAO":"LESO", ...
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
11. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
METAR Ontology
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
Existing METAR Ontology (somewhat outdated)
12. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
METAR Ontology
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
Existing METAR Ontology (somewhat outdated)
13. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
Geonames Airports
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
‘alternateName’
for both labels
and identification
schemes
(ICAO, IATA)
Only ~100
resources
WGS84
geospatial,
but only
lat/long
(not alt)
14. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
DBPedia Airports
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
Some ICAO, IATA
(with specific
properties) but noisy
Some WGS84, but
not consistently
~3500 verifiable airports (see next)
15. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
NCAR METAR Station List
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
~8500 airports and other
METAR reporting stations
16. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
LOS METAR Data
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
Uniform WGS84
lat/long/alt
ICAO and IATA-
based URIs plus
skos:notation to
originals
owl:sameAs
• between ICAO/IATA
• to Geonames (108)
• to DBPedia (1159)
http://www.linkedopenservices.org/data/METARStations.rdf.xml
17. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
LOS Weather Service
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
18. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
LOS Geo Resources
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
19. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
Resource-Based Linked Open Services
GET
Accept: text/html
303 REDIRECT /page
GET
Accept:
application/rdf+xml
(or text/n3)
303 REDIRECT /data
LinkedDataLinkedService
GET /weather
Accept:
application/rdf+xml
(or text/n3)
200 <rdf:Description>
Geospatial Linked Open Services
Barry Norton and Reto Krummenacher
20.09.2010
20. Karlsruhe Service Research Institute
www.ksri.kit.edu
Semantic Technologies Institute
www.sti2.at
Conclusion
We offer the following principles to guide the formation of
Linked Open Services:
1. Describe services as LOD prosumers
with input and output descriptions as SPARQL graph patterns
2. Communicate RDF by RESTful content negotiation
3. Communicate and describe the knowledge contribution resulting
from service interaction, including implicit knowledge relating
input, output and service provider
Associated with the last principle is an optional fourth:
4. When wrapping non-LOS services, extend the (lifted, if non-RDF)
message to make explicit the implicit knowledge, and to use Linked
Data vocabularies, using SPARQL CONSTRUCT queries
We have produced, hand-in-hand, a new dataset for LOD
and several services of this form
Editor's Notes
The upper right is standard application of Linked Data principles – if you request (state, in the request header, that you accept) HTML, you are redirected to a ‚page‘ URI; if you request RDF, you are redirected to a ‚data‘ URI (i.e. page/data is, in our implementation, appended to the end of the resource‘s URI). This is because the original URI actually identifies the airport but, since the airport is a real thing, not an information resource, you can‘t actually retrieve it in itself, only a related information resource.
The bottom right is how we extend in LOS – under the same URI scheme you can ask for a computation relative to the resource by POSTing to a URI representing the weather under it (the airport).
Implicit knowledge – if you call a service with input ‚Vienna‘ and get output ‚20C‘, the implicit knowledge is that 20C is the temperature at the last report in Vienna (+ provenenance = ‚according to...‘)
