1. Apple Inc.
Apple Inc. (NASDAQ: AAPL; formerly Apple Computer, Inc.) is an American multinational corporation that
designs and markets consumer electronics, computer software, and personal computers. The company's best-
known hardware products include the Macintosh line of computers, theiPod, the iPhone and the iPad. Apple
software includes the Mac OS X operating system; the iTunes media browser; the iLife suite of multimedia and
creativity software; the iWork suite of productivity software; Aperture, a professional photography
package; Final Cut Studio, a suite of professional audio and film-industry software products; Logic Studio, a
suite of music production tools; the Safari web browser; and iOS, a mobile operating system. As of July 2011,
the company operates 357 retail stores in ten countries,[4] and an online store where hardware and software
products are sold.[5] As of September 2011, Apple is the largest publicly traded company in the world by market
capitalization and the largest technology company in the world by revenue and profit.[citation needed]
Dell
Dell, Inc. (NASDAQ: DELL) is an American multinational information technology corporation based in 1 Dell
Way, Round Rock, Texas, United States, that develops, sells and supports computers and related products
and services. Bearing the name of its founder, Michael Dell, the company is one of the largest technological
corporations in the world, employing more than 103,300 people worldwide.[2] Dell is listed at number 41 in
the Fortune 500 list.[3]
Dell has grown by both increasing its customer base and through acquisitions since its inception;
notable mergers and acquisitions including Alienware(2006) and Perot Systems (2009). As of 2009, the

2. company sold personal computers, servers, data storage devices, network switches, software, and
computer peripherals. Dell also sells HDTVs, cameras, printers, MP3 players and other electronics built by
other manufacturers. The company is well known for its innovations in supply chain
management and electronic commerce.
Fortune Magazine listed Dell as the sixth largest company in Texas by total revenue.[4] It is the second largest
non-oil company in Texas – behind AT&T – and the largest company in the Austin, Texas area.[5]
Compaq
Compaq Computer Corporation was a personal computer company founded in 1982. Once the largest
supplier of personal computing systems in the world,[1] Compaq existed as an independent corporation until
2002, when it was acquired for US$25 billion by Hewlett-Packard.[2][3]
The company was formed by Rod Canion, Jim Harris and Bill Murto — former Texas Instruments senior
managers. The name "COMPAQ" was derived from "Compatibility and Quality",[4] as at its formation Compaq
produced some of the first IBM PC compatible computers.[5][6]
Prior to its takeover the company was headquartered in northwest unincorporated Harris County, Texas, United
States.[7]
Fujitsu
Fujitsu Limited (富士通株式会社 Fujitsū Kabushiki-gaisha?) is a multinational information
technology equipment and services company headquartered inTokyo, Japan.[5] Fujitsu's central focus is on
providing IT-driven business solutions, but the company and its subsidiaries also offer a diversity
of productsand services in the areas of personal computing, telecommunications and
advanced microelectronics.
With approximately 172,000 employees worldwide supporting customers in over 70 countries,[1], Fujitsu is the
world's third largest IT services provider[6] and

3. Gateway Computer Corporation
Gateway Computer Corporation, is a computer hardware company headquartered
in Irvine, California, USA which develops, manufactures, supports, and markets a wide range of personal
computers, computer monitors, servers, and computer accessories. It became a well-known brand in
1991 when it started shipping its computer hardware in cow-spotted boxes and for its creative advertising
in Computer Shopper and other magazines. In the early and mid-2000s, the company struggled; after
years as a fixture on the Fortune 500 list of largest companies worldwide, the company was not listed in
2006, having dropped to number 508. Gateway was acquired by Acer Inc. in 2007.
On September 4, 2007 Gateway announced that it had signed a definitive agreement to sell its
professional business segment to MPC Corporation. This includes the company's Nashville-based
[1]
configuration center. MPC subsequently ceased its services and filed for bankruptcy protection in early
2009, leaving Gateway business customers stranded without access to support or warranty services. This
[2]
incident has caused substantial damage to the Gateway brand.
On October 16, 2007, Acer Inc. completed its acquisition of Gateway for approximately US$710
[3]
million. Its final share price of US$1.90 was far below the US$4.00 average price in the mid 1990s and
drastically below a high of US$84 in late 1999. The US$1.90 per share was just barely over half of the
split-
Hewlett-Packard
Hewlett-Packard Company (NYSE: HPQ), commonly referred to as HP, is an American multinational
information technology corporation headquartered in Palo Alto, California, USA that provides products,

4. technologies, software, solutions and services to individual consumers, small- and medium-sized businesses
(SMBs) and large enterprises, including customers in the government, health and education sectors. The
company was founded in a one-car garage in Palo Alto by Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard. Now it is one of
the world's largest information technology companies, operating in nearly every country. HP specializes in
developing and manufacturing computing, data storage, and networking hardware, designing software and
delivering services. Major product lines include personal computing devices, enterprise, and industry standard
servers, related storage devices, networking products, software and a diverse range of printers, and other
imaging products. HP markets its products to households, small- to medium-sized businesses and enterprises
directly as well as via online distribution, consumer-electronics and office-supply retailers, software partners
and major technology vendors. HP also has strong services and consulting business around its products and
partner products.
HP's posted net revenue in 2010 was $126.3 billion, in 2009 net revenue was $115 billion, with approximately
$40 billion coming from services. In 2007, HP's revenue was $104 billion, making HP the first IT company in
history to report revenues exceeding $100 billion.[2] In 2008 HP retained its global leadership position in inkjet,
laser, large format and multi-function printers market, and its leadership position in the hardware
industry.[3] Also HP became No.2 globally in IT services as reported by IDC & Gartner.[4]
Major company changes include a spin-off of part of its business as Agilent Technologies in 1999,
its merger with Compaq in 2002, and the acquisition ofEDS in 2008, which led to combined revenues of
$118.4 billion in 2008 and a Fortune 500 ranking of 9 in 2009.[4] In November 2009, HP announced the
acquisition of 3Com;[5] with the deal closing on April 12, 2010.[6] On April 28, 2010, HP announced the buyout
of Palm for $1.2 billion.[7] On September 2, 2010, won its bidding war for 3PAR with a $33 a share offer
($2.07 billion) which Dell declined to match.[8]
On August 6, 2010, CEO Mark Hurd resigned.[9] Cathie Lesjak assumed the role of interim CEO, and on
September 30, 2010, Léo Apotheker became HP's new permanent CEO and Ray Lane, Managing Partner
at Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, was elected to the position of non-executive chairman. Both appointments
were effective November 1, 2010.[10]
On September 22, 2011, Hewlett-Packard Co. named former eBay Inc. chief executive Meg Whitman its
president and CEO, replacing Léo Apotheker, while Raymond Lane became executive chairman, having
previously served as non-executive chairman of the company.

5. Intel
Intel Corporation (NASDAQ: INTC) is an American multinational semiconductor chip maker corporation
headquartered in Santa Clara, California, United States and the world's largest semiconductor chip maker,
based on revenue.[4] It is the inventor of the x86 series of microprocessors, the processors found in most
personal computers. Intel was founded on July 18, 1968, as Integrated Electronics Corporation (though a
common misconception is that "Intel" is from the word intelligence). Intel also
makes motherboard chipsets, network interface controllers and integrated circuits, flash memory, graphic
chips,embedded processors and other devices related to communications and computing. Founded by
semiconductor pioneers Robert Noyce and Gordon Mooreand widely associated with the executive leadership
and vision of Andrew Grove, Intel combines advanced chip design capability with a leading-edge manufacturing
capability. Though Intel was originally known primarily to engineers and technologists, its "Intel Inside"
advertising campaign of the 1990s made it and its Pentium processor household names.
Intel was an early developer of SRAM and DRAM memory chips, and this represented the majority of its
business until 1981. Although Intel created the world's first commercial microprocessor chip in 1971, it was not
until the success of the personal computer (PC) that this became its primary business. During the 1990s, Intel
invested heavily in new microprocessor designs fostering the rapid growth of the computer industry. During this
period Intel became the dominant supplier of microprocessors for PCs, and was known for aggressive and
sometimes illegal tactics in defense of its market position, particularly against Advanced Micro Devices (AMD),
as well as a struggle with Microsoft for control over the direction of the PC industry.[5][6] The 2011 rankings of
the world's 100 most powerful brands published by Millward Brown Optimor showed the company's brand value
at number 58.[7]
Intel has also begun research in electrical transmission and generation.[8][9] Intel has recently introduced a 3-D
transistor that may improve performance and energy efficiency.[10] Intel will be mass producing this 3-D
transistor, called Tri-Gate transistors, with their upcoming 22nm process in the near future.[11] In 2011,
SpectraWatt Inc., a solar cell spinoff of Intel, filed for bankruptcy under Chapter 11. [12]

6. IBM
International Business Machines (NYSE: IBM) or IBM is an
American multinational technology and consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, United
States. IBM manufactures and sells computer hardware and software, and it
offers infrastructure, hosting and consulting services in areas ranging from mainframe
computers to nanotechnology.[2] As of September 2011, IBM is the second-largest publicly traded technology
company in the world by market capitalization.[3]
The company was founded in 1911 as the Computing Tabulating Recording Corporation through a merger of
four companies: the Tabulating Machine Company, the International Time Recording Company, the Computing
Scale Corporation, and the Bundy Manufacturing Company.[4][5] CTR adopted the name International Business
Machines in 1924, using a name previously designated to CTR's subsidiary in Canada and later South
America. Its distinctive culture and product branding has given it the nickname Big Blue.
In 2011, Fortune ranked IBM the 18th largest firm in the U.S.,[6] as well as the 7th most profitable.[7] Globally,
the company was ranked the 31st largest firm by Forbes for 2011.[8][9] Other rankings for 2011 include #1
company for leaders (Fortune), #2 best global brand (Interbrand), #1 green company worldwide (Newsweek),
#12 most admired company (Fortune), and #18 most innovative company (Fast Company).[10] IBM employs
more than 425,000 employees (sometimes referred to as "IBMers") in over 200 countries, with occupations
including scientists, engineers, consultants, and sales professionals.[11]
IBM holds more patents than any other U.S.-based technology company and has nine research laboratories
worldwide.[12] Its employees have garnered fiveNobel Prizes, four Turing Awards, nine National Medals of
Technology, and five National Medals of Science.[13] Famous inventions by IBM include theautomated teller
machine (ATM), the floppy disk, the hard disk drive, the magnetic stripe card, the relational database,
the Universal Product Code (UPC), the financial swap, SABRE airline reservation system, DRAM, and Watson
artificial intelligence.
The company has undergone several organizational changes since its inception, acquiring companies
like SPSS (2009) and PwC consulting (2002),spinning off companies like Lexmark (1991), and selling off
product lines like ThinkPad to Lenovo (2005).
Sam Palmisano will step down as CEO as of January 1, 2012, but retain his position as chairman. He will be
replaced by veteran IBMer Ginni

7. Lenovo
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lenovo (SEHK: 0992, OTCBB: LNVGY) (Chinese: 联想集团; pinyin: Liánxiǎng jítuán) is
a multinational computer company that develops, manufactures and
markets desktop and notebook computers, workstations, servers, storage drives, IT management software, and
other related products and services. Lenovo was incorporated in Hong Kong in 1988 under its previous name,
Legend.[4] Lenovo's principal operations are currently located in Morrisville, North Carolina, Beijing, China and
Singapore.
Lenovo is the world's second largest PC maker and markets the ThinkPad line of notebook PCs
and ThinkCentre line of desktops[5]. These brands became part of Lenovo's offerings after its 2005 acquisition
of IBM's personal computer business. Lenovo also sells the IdeaPad line of notebook computers. Lenovo
markets its products directly to consumers, small to medium size businesses, and large enterprises, as well as
through online sales, company-owned stores, chain retailers, and major technology distributors and vendors.
Silicon Graphics
Silicon Graphics, Inc. (commonly initialised to SGI, historically sometimes referred to as Silicon Graphics
Computer Systems or SGCS) was a manufacturer of high-performance computing solutions,
including computer hardware and software, founded in 1981 by Jim Clark. Its initial market was 3D
graphics display terminals, but its products, strategies and market positions evolved significantly over time.
Initial systems were based on the Geometry Engine that Clark and Marc Hannah had developed at Stanford
University, and were derived from Clark's broader background in computer graphics. The Geometry Engine
was the first very-large-scale integration (VLSI) implementation of a geometry pipeline, specialized hardware
that accelerated the "inner-loop" geometric computations needed to display three-dimensional images.
SGI was headquartered in Sunnyvale, California; it was originally incorporated as a California corporation in
November 1981, and reincorporated as aDelaware corporation in January 1990. On April 1, 2009, SGI filed
for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection and announced that it would sell substantially all of its assets to Rackable
Systems, a deal finalized on May 11, 2009, with Rackable assuming the name "Silicon Graphics International".