Professor M Tanaka presentation

The National Institutes for the Humanities (NIHU) in Japan Makiro TANAKA National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics 1

National Institutes for the Humanities (NIHU)• The NIHU consists of six institutes – National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics – National Institute of Japanese Literature – National Museum of Japanese History – International Research Center for Japanese Studies – National Museum of Ethnology – Research Institute for Humanity and Nature AHRC/NIHU Memorandum of Understanding AHRC-funded scholars have access to the world- class facilities that exist in NIHU facilities. NIHU belongs to the Inter-University Research Institute Corporation . 2

Inter-University Research Institute Corporation• Established pursuant to the National University Corporation Law with the aim of founding inter- university research institutes.• There are four corporations: – National Institutes for the Humanities – National Institutes of Natural Sciences – High Energy Accelerator Research Organization – Research Organization of Information and Systems• These institutes conduct collaborative research and promote advancement of Japanese scholarship and research. 3

Six Institutes of NIHUAbbreviation Institute Academic Study Location Established Staff National Institute for Linguistics, NINJAL Japanese Language and Language Tokyo 1948 51 Linguistics Education National Institute of Literature, NIJL Tokyo 1972 67 Japanese Literature Archives History, National Museum of NMJH Archaeology, Chiba 1981 85 Japanese History Folklore International Culture, IRCJS Research Center for Religion, Kyoto 1987 68 Japanese Studies Philosophy Research Institute for Environment RIHN Kyoto 2001 53 Humanity and Nature Sciences National Museum of Ethnology, NME Osaka 1979 102 Ethnology Anthropology, 4

The National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (NINJAL) (established in 1948)• Linguistic theory and structure – Grammar/syntax, phonetics/phonology, lexicon/morphology, characters/orthography meaning/pragmatics/discourse• Language change and variation – Dialect, historical change, social variation• Teaching and second language acquisition• Cross-linguistic studies• Corpus Linguistics 5

National Institute of Japanese Literature (established in 1972)• Research of Japanese literature – Collection , organization and preservation of literary texts – Collaborative research• Resource Sharing – Bibliographic research of original texts – Reproducing original texts in microfilm or digital form – Database access 6

National Museum of Japanese History (established in 1981)• Research of Japanese history – History, Archaeology, Folklore – Database development• Museum – Collection, Organizing, Storage, Investigation, Dissemination 7

International Research Center for Japanese Studies (established in 1987)• Research – International, interdisciplinary, and comprehensive research on Japanese culture• International cooperation – International symposia overseas – International workshop 8

Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (established in 2001)• Research – Toward the solution of global environmental problems – Based on the recognition that those problems originated in human culture• Social outreach – Kyoto forum on environmental wisdom and culture – The Earth Forum Kyoto and the Earth Hall of Fame Kyoto Award 9

National Museum of Ethnology (established in 1979)• Research of Ethnology – Cultural anthropology, Ethnology – Database development• Museum – Regional exhibitions – Cross-cultural exhibitions – Special exhibition based on the latest research 10

AHRC Scholarship Research Assistants who Studied in NINJAL• Dr. Stephen Wright Horn (2010.11～2011.1) Research Assistant Oriental Institute, University of Oxford Theme: Tagging noun phrases for grammatical role in a pre- modern Japanese language corpus• Dr. Kerri L Russell (2011.3～2011.5) Research Assistant Oriental Institute, University of Oxford Theme: Lexical representation of argument realization patterns in pre-modern Japanese 11

The VSARPJ project in the Faculty of Oriental Studies in University of Oxford funded by AHRC (2009.1-2013.9)“Verb semantics and argument realization in pre- modern Japanese” (VSARPJ) Principal Investigator: Professor Bjarke FrellesvigThis is cutting edge research on Japanese history.Dr. Horn and Dr. Russell are working on this project.In this project, an electronic corpus of pre-modern Japanese is compiled. 12

Japanese Corpora Compiled by NINJAL• Balanced corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese （BCCWJ） 100 million words – We published this corpus in 2011. – This corpus is comparable to the British National Corpus （BNC） 100 million words. – This corpus is the first balanced corpus of Japanese language.• Historical corpus of Japanese language – We began designing this corpus from 2009. – We will embark on compilation of this corpus in 2013. 13

Oxford Corpus and NINJAL Corpus Oxford Pre-Modern Japanese NINJAL Historical Japanese Corpus CorpusDevelopment 2009-2013(design) 2009-2012period 2013-(development) Study of verb semantics and Study of the history of thePurpose argument realization Japanese language Literal texts regarded as Diverse genres, including blendMaterials recordings of spoken of Japanese and classical language in 8c-16c Chinese(Kanbun) from 8c to 20c Mixture of Chinese charactersCharacterization Alphabet and Japanese phonetic characters Morphology and syntacticMarkup Morphological analysis structure Semantic information for Morphological information forLexicon individual words individual words 14

Dr. Horn’s Study• Development – Oxford corpus and NINJAL corpus• Technique – Using XML mark up• Finding – Annotation of semantic roles and grammatical roles – Discovering patterns of verb behavior in corpora – Anaphoric relations for referential expressions 15

Dr. Russell’s Study• Development – Lexicon for a diachronic corpus of Pre-modern Japanese• Technique – Using UniDic lexicon being developed by NINJAL• Finding – Correspondences between UniDic and the lexicon for the Oxford corpus – Lexical entries to reflect diachronic changes 16

NINJAL Research Meetings •NINJAL Collaborative Research Project Meetings and Symposia Each project group holds a meeting or symposium several times a year at which interim reports on the collaborative research are presented. •The NINJAL Colloquium A series to which distinguished domestic and foreign researchers are invited as lecturers to talk about cutting-edge research findings. •The NINJAL Salon A periodical meeting to provide opportunity for researchers working at the institute to introduce their work to colleagues and exchange information.Dr. Horn and Dr. Russell madepresentations in these meetings. 17

NINJAL facilities (1) The front of NINJAL The courtyard of NINJALNINJAL has many open spaces NINJAL library 18

NINJAL facilities (2)Panoramic landscape of guest house Private room of guest houseConversation lounge of guest house Mt. FUJI from NINJAL 19

Professor M Tanaka presentation

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