1. Spain’s Social relations!
• In 1576, Spain was faced with the debt of his 80,000‐man army in the Netherlands.
• With the risk of piracy in the open areas reducing his income from the American colonies, Philip had
to except economic failure.
• To keep Portugal under power it required a widespread occupaIon force and with Spain reeling from
the 1576 bankruptcy.
• In 1584, William the silent was killed by a half‐deranged catholic; the death the well‐liked Dutch
resistance leader was hoping to bring the war to a finish.