Strategies for promoting sustainable development, resistance to the concept, some alternative approaches, examine some important current issues and areas of debate in relation to sustainable development.

1. Planning of Sustainable Design
Dr. Mohd. Zameeruddin
[PhD (VJTI), ME (Structures), BE (Civil), MIE, AIV, ISTE, ISET, IGS]
Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
MGM’s College of Engineering, Nanded
Email: md_Zameeruddin@mgmcen.ac.in
Mobile: 9822913231
Blogspot: mzsengineeringtechnologies ©mzsengineeringtechnologies
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2. Primary Goals of Sustainable Development
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The United Nations,
2005 World Summit

3. Pillars of Sustainable Development
Innovation
Capital efficiency
Risk management
Growth enhancement
Total shareholder return
Resource efficiency
Product Stewardship
Life-cycle management
Products to services
Clean Air, Water and Land
Emissions reductions
Zero waste
Release and spills
Biodiversity
Safety and health
Environmental regulations
Global climate change
Access to potable water
Crisis management
Environmental justice
Diversity
Human rights
Community outreach
Indigenous communities
Labour relations
Job creation
Skills enhancement
Local economic impacts
Social investments
Business ethics
Security
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4. Fourth Pillars of Sustainable Development
“….cultural diversity is as necessary for humankind as biodiversity is
for nature.” Sustainable development cannot be understood “simply in
terms of economic growth, but also as a means to achieve a more
satisfactory intellectual, emotional, moral and spiritual existence”.
-Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity (UNECO, 2001)
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5. The Dimensions of Sustainable Development
Economic
objectives
Social
objectives
Environmental
objectives
Local
National
Global
Peace and security
(stability)
Institutional/
administrative
arrangements
Sustainable development
will entail integration of
objectives where possible;
and making trade-offs
between objectives where
integration is not possible
Ref: Dalal - Clayton et al.(1994)
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6. What “being strategic” means
Being strategic implies setting goals and identifying means of
achieving them. This implies adopting an approach which has an
underlying vision, is based on solid evidence, sets priorities, goals
and direction and sets out the main tactics for achieving them. In
relation to sustainable development, being strategic requires a
comprehensive understanding of the concept and its implications, but
not necessarily a comprehensive set of actions – at least at any one
time.
Set of objectives
Social
Economic
Environmental
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Set of Processes
Social
Economic
Environmental
Require
balance
System
Providing
Coordination
and Coherence
Requires
coordination
Strategy for
Sustainable
Development

7. Strategies for promoting sustainable development
Operational approaches Lecture
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❖ Country ownership and participation, leadership
and initiative in developing their strategies
❖ Broad consultation, including particularly with
the poor and with civil society, to open up debate
on new ideas and information, exposes issues to
be addressed, and build consensus and political
support on action
❖ Ensuring sustained beneficial impacts on
disadvantaged and marginalised groups and on
future generations
❖ Building on existing strategies and processes
rather than adding additional ones to enable
convergence and coherence.

8. Strategies for promoting sustainable development
Operational approaches Lecture
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❖ Ensuring sustained beneficial impacts on
disadvantaged and marginalised groups and on
future generations
❖ Building on existing strategies and processes rather
than adding additional ones to enable convergence
and coherence.

9. Strategies for promoting sustainable development
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©mzsengineeringtechnologiesOperational approaches
❖ A solid analytical basis, taking account also of
relevant regional issues, including a comprehensive
review of the present situation and forecasts of
trends and risks
❖ Integration of economic, social and environmental
objective through mutually supportive policies and
practices and the management of trade-offs
❖ Realistic targets with clear budgetary priorities

10. Strategies for promoting sustainable development
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©mzsengineeringtechnologiesCapacity Development
❖ Strengthening and building on
existing country capacity-public,
civil society, and private-as part
of the strategy process.
❖ Linking national and local levels,
including supporting devolution,
in all stages of strategy
development and implementation
❖ Establishing continuous
monitoring and evaluation
systems based on clear indicators
to track and steer progress.

11. Key principles for strategies for sustainable development
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❖ People-centered.
An effective strategy requires a people-centered approach, ensuring
long-term beneficial impacts on disadvantaged and marginalized
groups, such as the poor.
❖ Consensus on long-term vision.
Strategic planning frameworks are more likely to be successful when
they are based on a long-term vision with a clear timeframe upon
which stakeholders agree. At the same time, they need to include
ways of dealing with short- and medium-term necessities and change.
A long-term vision needs to have the commitment of all political
parties so that an incoming government will not view a particular
strategy as representing only the views or policies of its predecessor.

12. Key principles for strategies for sustainable development
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❖ Comprehensive and integrated.
Strategies should seek to integrate, where possible, economic, social
and environmental objectives. But where integration cannot be
achieved, trade-offs need to be negotiated. The entitlements and
possible needs of future generations must be factored into this
process.
❖ Targeted with clear budgetary priorities.
A sustainable development strategy must be fully integrated in
existing budget processes to ensure that plans have the financial
resources to achieve their objectives, and do not represent mere “wish
lists”. Conversely, the formulation of budgets must be informed by a
clear identification of priori-ties. Capacity constraints and time
limitations will have an impact on the extent to which the intended
outcomes are achieved. Targets need to be challenging – but realistic
in relation to these constraints.

13. Key principles for strategies for sustainable development
❖ Based on comprehensive and reliable analysis.
Identification of priorities must be based on a comprehensive analysis
of the present situation. Forecasted trends and risks, and the links
between local, national and global challenges. External pressures on a
country – such as those resulting from globalization, or the impacts of
global climate change – need to be factored in this analysis. Such
analysis requires credible and reliable information on changing
environmental, social and economic conditions, pressures and
responses, and their correlations with strategy objectives and
indicators. Local capacities for analysis and existing information
should be fully used, and different perceptions amongst stakeholders
should be reflected.
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14. Key principles for strategies for sustainable development
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❖ Incorporate monitoring, learning and continuous improvement.
Monitoring and evaluation needs to be based on clear indicators
and built into strategies to steer processes, track progress, distil and
capture lessons, and signal when a change of direction is necessary.
❖ Country-led and nationally-owned.
Past strategies have often resulted from external pressure and
development agency requirements. It is essential that countries take
the lead and initiative in developing their own strategies if they are to
be enduring.

15. Key principles for strategies for sustainable development
❖ High-level government commitment and influential lead
institutions. Such commitment – on a long-term basis – is essential
if policy and institutional changes are to occur, financial resources
are to be committed and for there to be clear responsibility for
implementation.
❖ Building on existing processes and strategies.
A strategy for sustainable development should not be thought of as a
new planning process but instead build on what already exists in the
country, thus enabling convergence, complementarity and coherence
between different planning frameworks and policies. This requires
good management to ensure co-ordination of mechanisms and
processes, and to identify and resolve potential conflicts. The latter
may require an independent and neutral third party to act as a
facilitator. The roles, responsibilities and relationships between the
different key participants in strategy processes must be clarified early
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16. Key principles for strategies for sustainable development
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❖ Effective participation.
Broad participation helps to open up debate to new ideas and sources
of information; expose issues that need to be addressed; enable
problems, needs and preferences to be expressed; identify the
capabilities required to address them; and develop a consensus on the
need for action that leads to better implementation. Central
government must be involved(providing leadership, shaping incentive
structures and allocating financial resources), but multi-stakeholder
processes are also required. These should involve decentralized
authorities, the private sector and civil society, as well as marginalized
groups. This requires good communication and information
mechanisms with a premium placed on transparency and
accountability.

17. Key principles for strategies for sustainable development
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❖ Link national and local levels.
Strategies should be two-way iterative processes within and between
national and decentralized levels. The main strategic principles and
directions should be set at the central level(here, economic, fiscal and
trade policy, legislative changes, international affairs and external
relations, etc., are key responsibilities). But detailed planning,
implementation and monitoring would be undertaken at a
decentralized level, with appropriate transfer of resources and
authority.

18. Key principles for strategies for sustainable development
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❖ Develop and build on existing capacity.
At the outset of a strategy process, it is important to assess the
political, institutional, human, scientific and financial capacity of
potential state, market and civil society participants. Where needed,
provision should be made to develop the necessary capacity as part
of the strategy process. A strategy should optimize local skills and
capacity both within and outside government.

19. Resistance to Sustainable Development
1. Motivation
2. Identification of the problem
3. Literacy and basic education
4. Lack of financial resources
5. War-torn countries or political
influences
6. Natural hazards
7. Government policies
8. Corruption
9. Lack of efforts at municipal
levels
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20. Alternative to Sustainable Development
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1. Precaution
2. Proportionality
3. Life-cycle approach
4. Prevention
5. Security rule of law
6. Environmental protection
7. Improved markets
8. Agricultural development
9. Community development

21. Areas of Debates/ Issues related to Sustainable Development
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What?
Where?
Why?
By Whom?
For Whom?
For
Everyone

22. Example of Sustainable Development: Solar Energy
Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the Sun that is harnessed
using a range of ever-evolving technologies such as solar
heating, photovoltaics, solar thermal energy, solar architecture, molten
salt power plants and artificial photosynthesis.
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23. It is an important source of renewable energy and its technologies are
broadly characterized as either passive solar or active solar depending
on how they capture and distribute solar energy or convert it into solar
power.
Importance of Solar Energy
❖ Passive solar techniques include
orienting a building to the Sun,
selecting materials with
favorable thermal mass or light-
dispersing properties, and designing
spaces that naturally circulate air.
❖ Active solar techniques include the use
of photovoltaic systems, concentrated
solar power and solar water heating to
harness the energy.
Example of Sustainable Development: Solar Energy Lecture 02
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24. Application and uses in fields
Urban Sector
1. Industrial
2. Commercial
3. Residential
Rural Sector
1. Remote Households
2. Agriculture
3. Small Scale Entrepreneurships
Example of Sustainable Development: Solar Energy Lecture 02
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25. Residential Application
1. Flat plate collectors – Hot water
2. BIPV- Semi transparent PV windows
3. Rooftop PV systems
4. Solar air conditioning (HVAC)
Application and uses in fields
Example of Sustainable Development: Solar Energy Lecture 02
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26. For unelectrified:
1. Solar lanterns
2. PV powered agricultural pumps
3. Solar cookers and ovens
4. Solar street lighting systems
5. PV-telephone booths
6. Community solar cooking systems
7. Solar food dryers and air heaters
8. Solar inverters
9. PV mobile network towers
Application and uses in fields
Example of Sustainable Development: Solar Energy
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27. 10. PV- Vaccine refrigerators-transporting medicines to remote areas
11. Industrial process heat-dairy and other small scale units in villages
12. Electricity to hospitals and schools in remote regions
13. Standlone systems- for households in the mountainous areas
Application and uses in fields
Example of Sustainable Development: Solar Energy Lecture 02
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28. Solar steam cooking system implemented for community cooking in
villages
World Largest Solar Steam
Cooking System: Tirupati
30000 Meals per day
At Sri Saibaba Sansthan,
Shirdi 3000 Meals per day
Implementation and success in fields
Example of Sustainable Development: Solar Energy Lecture 02
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29. Goals Satisfied after implementation of
such sustainable approach:
1. Energy Security
2. Employment Generation
3. Emission Reduction
4. Improved Livelihood for Rural
5. Better Water quality and health
6. Agricultural Sector Growth
7. National Economic Growth
Application and uses in fields
Example of Sustainable Development: Solar Energy Lecture 02
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30. Measured Suggested:
1. Government national action plan and policy focus for sustainable
development of rural areas.
2. Training and awareness programs in remote areas
3. Providing soft loans/incentives/ subsidies for solar systems
installed in rural areas
4. Mandating PV installations for hot water and process heat in
residential and industrial sectors
5. Setting up demonstrative projects/ systems to display its benefits
6. Deploy support schemes in collaboration with international
development organisations
7. R&D facilities for efficient and economic technology innovations
Measures identified / Suggested
Example of Sustainable Development: Solar Energy Lecture 02
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31. Dr. Mohd. Zameeruddin
[PhD (VJTI), ME (Structures), BE (Civil), MIE, AIV, ISTE, ISET, IGS]
Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
MGM’s College of Engineering, Nanded
Email: md_Zameeruddin@mgmcen.ac.in
Mobile: 9822913231
Blogspot: mzsengineeringtechnologies
We will meet in Lecture 3 soon ………
This lecture covered Module 2 of
course CVE1-405 Planning for
Sustainable Development of Second
year B. Tech Civil Engineering
affiliated to Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar
Technological University, Lonere,
Raigad, Maharashtra- India.