about conditions of Muslims in Syria how they are living there

2. CONDITION OF MUSLIM IN
SYRIA

3. GROUP MEMBERS
 NIMRAH ABBAS
 FATIMA TU ZAHRA
 LARAIB MALIK
 FARAH FARZAND
 AYESHA MUBEEN
 MUHAMMAD AWAIS

4. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 DISSCUSSION
 CONCLUSION

5. INTRODUCTION
 Today the conflict is about to enter its fifth year. There are 3.8 million
refugees, and the mood has turned much darker. Most see no prospect
of returning home in the near future and have little opportunity to restart
their lives in exile. Inside Syria, the people I speak to are barely able to
see beyond surviving the next day.
 As humanitarians dedicated to helping Syria’s survivors heal, we share
their growing despair. We have registered their traumas one by one, as
the numbers swelled into the millions. We have negotiated and worked
on their behalf for land, for shelter, for medical care, for food and schools,
and watched as even the basics become ever more difficult to find. We
have cried with them as their children died of severe illnesses for lack of
treatment.

6. MAIN POINTS
 NO POLITICAL SOLUTION TO THE CONFLICT IN SIGHT
 THE SUFFERING INSIDE SYRIA IS GETTING WORSE
 NO PLACE TO ESCAPE AS BORDERS TO NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES CLOSE
 ANIMOSITY IS RISING TOWARD REFUGEES IN HOST COMMUNITIES
 HOSTILITY IS ALSO GROWING IN EUROPE
 RESCUE AT SEA IS BEING PHASED OUT
 FUNDING FOR HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS IS FLAGGING
 AND MORE THAN 50% OF SYRIAN REFUGEE CHILDREN ARE OUT OF
SCHOOL
 THERE ARE RISING NUMBERS OF STRUGGLING REFUGEE
 AND A GENERATION OF STATELESS CHILDREN IS BEING CREATED

7. NO POLITICAL SOLUTION TO THE CONFLICT IN SIGHT:
The only real solution to Syria’s humanitarian catastrophe is an end to
the conflict. Unfortunately, that end looks a long way off. The fighting
inside Syria continues to erupt and shift, and despite continued attempts
at peace – including talks in Moscow and a ceasefire proposal for
Aleppo – the warring parties, and the countries with influence to stop
them, remain divided. Making matters worse, the fighting is feeding
into other regional conflicts. In a recent speech to the UN General
Assembly, António Guterres, the High Commissioner for Refugees,
said with some exasperation: “In the absence of the political will and
foresight required for effective prevention, all that the international
community can do is react to new crises, lament the suffering they
cause, and try to come up with higher and higher amounts of money
required to cover the resulting cost … no one is winning the wars of
today; everyone is losing.

9. THE SUFFERING INSIDE SYRIA IS GETTING WORSE
Over 12 million people inside Syria are in need of aid to stay alive. That’s
half the country. Almost 8 million have been forced from their homes,
forced to share rooms with other families, or camp in unheated,
abandoned buildings, praying the fighting won’t spread. An estimated 4.8
million Syrians are in areas that are hard to reach including 241,000 who
are trapped in besieged areas, cut off from humanitarian aid and medical
supplies and unable to escape. Millions of children are suffering from
trauma and ill health. A quarter of Syria’s schools have been damaged,
destroyed or taken over for shelter. More than half of Syria’s hospitals are
destroyed, or so damaged they are unable to function. Parts of the country
endure relentless bombing and extremist groups commit unthinkable
atrocities.

10. NO PLACE TO ESCAPE AS BORDERS TO NEIGHBORING
COUNTRIES CLOSE
Facing growing security concerns and feeling overwhelmed by the
numbers, Syria’s neighbors are taking measures to stem the tide of
refugees. Lebanon, Jordan and Iraq have imposed stricter restrictions on
entry, and the Turkish border is “managed”, with a heavy screening
system established to ensure entry is for purely humanitarian cases. These
developments make it increasingly difficult for those without connections
or onward visas to escape, and we have witnessed a marked decline in the
number of new refugees. I met one woman in Homs living in a container.
Her husband had recently escaped to Lebanon, but she stayed behind
with her children because she heard about the new restrictions. “If I go to
the border,” she told me “They won’t let me in.”

12. ANIMOSITY IS RISING TOWARD REFUGEES IN
HOST COMMUNITIES
For those that do make it through, they are discovering that the host communities have
reached their limits. Gone are the days when residents systematically opened their
homes to refugees and shared their resources. There are simply not enough shelters to
go around since the majority – 85% – of refugees live in local communities, outside
camps. Around 25% of Lebanon’s population are Syrian or Palestinian refugees – an
extraordinary figure, unmatched anywhere else on earth. People there are angry at what
they see as refugees taking work for cut-throat wages and pushing nationals out of jobs.
Twisted media reports link refugees to terrorists.
Unless we do more to help refugee-hosting communities bolster their economies and
services, this animosity is likely to get worse. Lebanon, Jordan and other host countries
desperately need upgrades to local infrastructure, and support for their health,
education, and water systems.

13. HOSTILITY IS ALSO GROWING IN EUROPE
As Syria’s neighbors become overwhelmed, other countries need to share more of the
burden. Yet in many European countries there is growing hostility to refugees, and anti-
immigration movements are growing stronger. Germany and Sweden currently receive half
of all Syrian refugees in the EU, and local opposition is growing. After the Paris massacres,
there is also a danger that Europeans view Muslims as a threat, and the trend is towards less
admission, not more. We are seeing a rising number of “pushbacks” at the borders, which
are a violation of international law. During a UNHCR pledging conference in December,
governments agreed to resettle 100,000 Syrian refugees, but that still leaves over 200,000 in
precarious need. At least 10% of Syrian refugees living in neighboring countries are
particularly vulnerable – including victims of rape and torture, lone women and children,
and those with severe medical problems. But we worry that in this climate our appeals to
Europe’s leaders for more burden sharing are falling on deaf ears.

14. RESCUE AT SEA IS BEING PHASED OUT
For lack of legal routes to Europe, thousands of Syrian refugees are taking to the
seas. Many pay their life savings to unscrupulous smugglers who push them on
dangerous land and sea routes. Last year, nearly 220,000 refugees fled in unsafe
boats across the Mediterranean, three times the previous record during the Libyan
civil war of 2011. Thousands never made it, drowning in terror when their
overstuffed, unseaworthy boat capsized. Those who did make it tell harrowing stories
of long treks at night, corrupt officials, and abuse. Yet Europe’s response to this
growing tragedy is not to step up its rescue efforts, but to phase them out. Italy’s
Mare Nostrum operation, which rescued over 170,000 people at sea, is ending and
there are no plans to replace it. Many people could die as a result. On 11 February, at
least 300 African migrants and refugees drowned on four small boats. Some froze to
death after being rescued. The rest were swallowed by waves

15. AND MORE THAN 50% OF SYRIAN REFUGEE
CHILDREN ARE OUT OF SCHOOL
More than 2.3 million children inside Syria are not in school. Among refugees, the
numbers are even worse with nearly half of children not receiving an education. In
Lebanon, there are more school age refugees than the entire intake of the country’s
public schools, and only 20% of Syrian children are enrolled. Similar numbers can
be seen among refugees living outside of camps in Turkey and Jordan.
When children are out of school, they can be exploited in the labor market, forced
into early marriage or – inside Syria – be recruited as fighters. A lack of an
education also makes it more difficult for them to earn a living as they grow older,
and eventually go home and rebuild. Aid agencies and governments recently
launched an initiative called No Lost Generation to bring more kids to the
classroom. This has had some results, but the challenge remains immense

17. THERE ARE RISING NUMBERS OF STRUGGLING
REFUGEE WOMEN
Almost 150,000 Syrian women in exile today head their households alone; one in
four refugee families in Egypt, Lebanon and Jordan. Many of their men are dead
or missing or otherwise lost to Syria’s conflict. But they live in a society which
treats single women with scorn; unable to find jobs, and harassed at every turn by
taxi drivers, bus drivers, landlords, men in shops, at the market, on public
transport, or even by fellow refugees at aid distributions. As more men die in the
war, the number of women coping alone is growing– and unless societies undergo
a shift of attitude towards them, the misery facing refugee families will increase.

18. A GENERATION OF STATELESS CHILDREN IS
BEING CREATED:
Compounding the crisis of single women, thousands of children are being
denied a nationality – condemned to a life of statelessness, without access to
official employment, education, or healthcare. In some countries, as many as
three in four children cannot acquire a birth certificate, making it difficult to
prove their link to Syria. Many face additional risks of statelessness because
they are born to single mothers, but Syrian law does not recognize a mother’s
right to pass her nationality to her children. Over 100,000 Syrian refugee
children have been born since 2011 and many may become stateless. This is a
ticking time bomb that will have severe consequences if not properly dealt
with.

20. CONCLUSION
The Muslim countries need to take cognizance of the fact that continuity
of civil war is detrimental for the whole Muslim world. Spillover effects
of the Syrian crisis for neighboring countries would have adverse
bearings for them. Any instability in neighboring countries owing to
worsening of Syrian crisis is fraught with risks. Besides, polarization,
particularly on sectarian lines, within Muslim world may further
increase due to their conflicting and competing interests in Syria. It also
exposes adverse repercussions that sectarian division has for the Muslim
Ummah and underscores the need to shun the same and forge unity
within our ranks. This sectarian divisiveness would serve interests of the
western countries and particularly Israel.