Climate change is defined as a significant and long-term change in weather patterns over decades or longer. It can involve changes in average temperatures or more/fewer extreme weather events. Climate change may be limited to a specific region or occur globally. The document discusses the key causes of climate change, including both natural factors like orbital variations and volcanic eruptions, as well as human-induced increases in greenhouse gas emissions. Evidence of climate change is presented from temperature and proxy records, glacial retreat, sea ice loss, and changes in vegetation and animal populations.
ICT role in 21st century education and its challenges
Climate
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6. Climate change is a significant and lasting change in the statistical
distribution of weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to
millions of years. It may be a change in average weather conditions or the
distribution of events around that average (e.g., more or fewer extreme
weather events). Climate change may be limited to a specific region or may
occur across the whole Earth.
Table of Contents
1 Terminology
2 Causes
Internal forcing mechanisms
Ocean variability
External forcing mechanisms
Orbital variations
Solar output
Volcanism
Plate tectonics
Human influences
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8. Physical evidence for and examples of climatic change
Temperature measurements and proxies
Historical and archaeological evidence
Glaciers
Arctic sea ice loss
Vegetation
Pollen analysis
Precipitation
Dendroclimatology
Ice cores
Animals
Sea level change
9. The most general definition of climate change is a change in the statistical
properties of the climate system when considered over long periods of
time, regardless of cause.[1] Accordingly, fluctuations over periods shorter
than a few decades, such as El Niño, do not represent climate change.
The term sometimes is used to refer specifically to climate change caused
by human activity, as opposed to changes in climate that may have resulted
as part of Earth's natural processes.[2] In this latter sense, used especially in
the context of environmental policy, the term climate change today is
synonymous with anthropogenic global warming. Within scientific
journals, however, global warming refers to surface temperature
increases, while climate change includes global warming and everything else
that increasing greenhouse gas amounts will affect.[3]
Causes
10. Climate changes in response to changes in the global energy balance. On
the broadest scale, the rate at which energy is received from the sun and the
rate at which it is lost to space determine the equilibrium temperature and
climate of Earth. This energy is then distributed around the globe by winds,
ocean currents, and other mechanisms to affect the climates of different
regions.
Factors that can shape climate are called climate forcings or "forcing
mechanisms".[4] These include such processes as variations in solar
radiation, deviations in the Earth's orbit, mountain-building and continental
drift, and changes in greenhouse gas concentrations. There are a variety of
climate change feedbacks that can either amplify or diminish the initial
forcing. Some parts of the climate system, such as the oceans and ice caps,
respond slowly in reaction to climate forcings, while others respond more
quickly.
Forcing mechanisms can be either "internal" or "external". Internal forcing
mechanisms are natural processes within the climate system itself (e.g., the
meridional overturning circulation). External forcing mechanisms can be
either natural (e.g., changes in solar output) or anthropogenic (e.g.,
increased emissions of greenhouse gases).
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13. on climate change, deals, exclusively with the exploration of the causes
of climate change. The increase in the emission of green house gases
and the subsequent enhanced greenhouse effect, is the root of this
problem and the human activities and processes which cause these are
quite comprehensively discusses. Trends in the increase in the
concentrations of these green house gases are detailed with the use of
tables and graphs and pie-charts have also been included to show the
contribution of different gases to global warming.
The scientific chemical processes to show the production of these
gases, also find cover here further illustrations and photographs to
ascertain the impacts of these gases a are also included. In addition the
consequences of the actions of these causes are discussed and critical
insights into combating these causes one listed.
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15. 1. Causes of Global Climate Change
2. Ozone Depletion
3. International Carbon Market
4. Global Warming
5. Sea Level Rise
6. Effects of Climate Extremes
7. International Emission Trading
8. Climate Change and Health
9. Impacts of Climate Change to Coral Reefs
10. Climate Change and Adaption
11. Climate Change Mitigation
12. International Effort against Climate Change
