This document discusses the impacts of solid waste on health and the environment. It defines solid waste and describes its various characteristics. Solid waste comes from industrial, commercial, mining, agricultural, and community activities. Improper disposal of solid waste has negative impacts such as chemical poisoning from inhalation, increased flooding from obstructed runoff, and contamination of soil and groundwater through leaching. The accumulation of solid waste also affects animals, aquatic life, and contributes to issues like climate change and destruction of the ozone layer.
2. What is solid waste?
Solid waste is defined as any garbage, refuse,
sludge from waste treatment plant, water supply
treatment plant, or air pollution control facility and
other materials, including solid, liquid, semisolid,
contained gaseous resulting from industrials,
commercials, mining and agricultural operations
from community activities
4. Characteristics of wastes
Corrosive: these are wastes that include acids or
bases that are capable of corroding mental
containers, e.g. tanks
Ignitability: this is waste that can create fires
under certain condition, e.g. waste oils and
solvents
Reactive: these are unstable in nature, they cause
explosions, toxic fumes when heated.
Toxicity: waste which are harmful or fatal when
ingested or absorb.
5. Types of waste
Non Hazardous waste: refuse, garbage,
sludge, municipal trash.
Hazardous waste: solvents acid, heavy
metals, pesticides, and chemical sludges
Radioactive: high and low-level radioactive
waste
Mixed waste: Radioactive organic liquids,
radio active heavy metals. ”
7. Waste Disposal
Landfills: waste is placed into or onto the land in
disposal facilities.
Underground injection wells: waste are injected
under pressure into a steel and concrete-encased
shafts placed deep in the earth.
Waste piles: is accumulations of insoluble solid,
non flowing hazard waste. Piles serves as
temporary or final disposal.
8. Waste Disposal
Land treatment: is a process in which solid waste,
such as sludge from wastes is applied onto or
incorporated into the soil surface.
Waste are disposed in flowing rivers in less
developed countries.
9. Causal of Increase in Solid Waste
Population growth
Increase in industrials manufacturing
Urbanization
Modernization
Modernization, technological advancement and
increase in global population created rising in
demand for food and other essentials. This has
resulted to rise in the amount of waste being
generated daily by each household. 158 million tons
of municipal solid waste is produced annually in U.S
10. Sources of Human Exposures
Exposures occurs through
Ingestion of contaminated water or food
Contact with disease vectors
Inhalation
Dermal
11. Points of contact
Soil adsorption, storage and biodegrading
Plant uptake
Ventilation
Runoff
Leaching
Insects, birds, rats, flies and animals
Direct dumping of untreated waste in seas, rivers
and lakes results in the plants and animals that
feed on it
12. Impacts of solid waste on health
Chemical poisoning through chemical inhalation
Uncollected waste can obstruct the storm water runoff
resulting in flood
Low birth weight
Cancer
Congenital malformations
Neurological disease
Nausea and vomiting
Increase in hospitalization of diabetic residents living near
hazard waste sites.
Mercury toxicity from eating fish with high levels of
mercury.
13. Effects of Solid Waste on Animals and Aquatics life
Increase in mercury level in fish due to disposal of
mercury in the rivers.
Plastic found in oceans ingested by birds
Resulted in high algal population in rivers and sea.
Degrades water and soil quality
14. Impacts of solid waste on Environment
Waste breaks down in landfills to form methane, a
potent greenhouse gas
Change in climate and destruction of ozone layer
due to waste biodegradable
Littering, due to waste pollutions, illegal dumping,
Leaching: is a process by which solid waste enter
soil and ground water and contaminating them.
15. Name of the Guide Team Members
1. Chetan
2. Bhavesh
3. Mandeep
4. Deepak
5. Akshay
Kumar
Class : XI - C
:
Mr. Vijay
Saini
School : Kendriya Vidyalaya No. 1
Jaipur
YKK