Yoga is a non-invasive and cost effective therapeutic intervention that works at the Psychological and physical level. This is effective in reduction of BP, heart rate, inflammatory markers and in patients with chronic kidney disease. Hypertension and diabetes are the most common risk factors in CKD where Yogic lifestyle helps in maintaining the blood pressure, sugar and lipid levels, reduction in oxidative stress, sympathetic tone, stress and pain associated with CKD.

2. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), a global health
problem, is continuously ruining the lives of
many. Despite of the huge research and
development of medicinal support and
replacement to the conventional medicines,
CKD has proven invincible with its adverse
outcomes of Kidney failure, (CVD)
cardiovascular disease and premature death.

3. Chronic Kidney Disease is a glomerular
filtration rate< 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 for 3
months or more. This is a serious problem that
adversely effects the lifestyle, limits one's life
span, along with the huge expenditure for the
health care.

4. A survey by American Medical Society of
Nephrology, states that more than 10 percent of
adults may have CKD. There are large chances
for occurrence of CKD in adults after 50 years
of age where glomerulo-nephritis, diabetes,
Hypertension are the most common cause of
CKD. Among these Hypertension and diabetes
are the major cause of end stage renal
disease(ESRD).

5. Several studies also confirmed that there is an
association of metabolic syndrome (High BP,
high serum triglyceride level, increased fasting
glucose level and central obesity) with CKD.
While CKD also leads to co-morbidities such as
anemia of chronic renal failure, dyslipidemia,
congestive heart failure and hypertension.

6. The studies have found the role of oxidative
stress in ESRD (End stage renal disease), which
is majorly because of reduced antioxidant
system and increased pro-oxidant activity. As
CKD progresses, oxidative stress increases and
the oxidative stress leads to cardiovascular
complications. The risk of CVD development in
renal patient also increases with chronic
inflammation, malnutrition, endothelial
dysfunction, and oxidative stress.

7. CKD is characterized by the low grade
inflammation and CKD patient are found with
the elevated level of inflammatory markers
such as markers are IL- , IL-10, C-reactive
protein, that hampers the treatment outcome
and progresses the risk of atherosclerosis.

8. As per studies, there are evidences the increase
in renal sympathetic nerve activity is an
important cause of the defect in renal excretory
function in hypertension. It is researched that
the higher sympathetic tone is involved in the
increase in CKD and higher risk of CVD in
CKD, that also promotes the organ damage.

9. In Yogic way of treatment, psychological stress
is considered the great contributor to the
diseases and especially in Chronic Kidney
disease CKD. Depression is one of the most
common Psychological stress in ESRD that
reduces the oral intake in chronic dialysis
patients and leads to anemia and malnutrition.
A cross sectional study reported that patients with ESRD had 2.95
percent more mortality than those without depression. Studies
show that the Psychological stress increases the oxidative stress
and BP, that further aggravates the CKD condition and treatment
results. Stress management is the key in treatment of CKD.

10. Although the new research and development
in the medicinal treatment has increased the
life expectancy of patients with chronic
disorders such as diabetes, hypertensions and
cancer, but failed to improve quality of life. The
patients with CKD or on dialysis have seen no
improvement in quality of life where anemia,
depression, anxiety and other comorbidies
further hampers the quality of life in patients.

11. In present era, yoga is accepted as science
which encompasses then postures,
breathing practices, meditations and
relaxation techniques. Yoga advocates
individual existence in five dimensions
Annamaya Kosha, Pranamaya Kosha,
Manomaya Kosha, Vijnanmaya kosha.

12. In yogic philosophy, it is considered that non-
communicable diseases are the result of
imbalances, that start at Manomaya kosha and
descends down to annamaya kosha through
pranamaya kosha. Therefore, Yogic treatment
focuses on bringing the balance to all these
level of existence. Different yoga poses works
at physical level, Pranayam works at Pranic
level and meditation works at intellectual level.

13. Yoga reduces the evidenced of chronic disease
and reduces the heart rate, basal metabolic rate
by reducing the sympathetic activity. It brings
the balance in autonomic nervous system by
reducing sympathetic tone and increasing
parasympathetic tone. Yoga also reduces stress,
anxiety and hypertension, improving the
quality of life.
It is also proven, that yoga reduces the systolic,
diastolic and mean BP in patients with
hypertension. It also reduces fasting, post-
prandial, HBA1c sugar levels, cholestrol in
diabetics.

14. Hath Yoga reduces oxidative stress, BMI and
glucose level, that reduces many risk factors for
Cardiovascular diseases and aids in the
management of CVD.

15. The 30 minutes of Hath Yoga practice daily fpor 4
months significantly reduces the oxidative stress
and increase in anti-oxidant activity along with the
reduction in cholestrol. The therapeutic
intervention of Yoga in end stage renal disease
(ESRD) showed the protective and preventative
effects. The 12 week yogic intervention in patients
on hemodialysis is found to be effective in the
management of pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance
and betterment in creatinine level, blood urea,
alkaline phosphatase along with the improvement
in erythrocyte and hematocrit count.

16. Chronic Kideny disease results in the decrease
in Haemoglobin level which can be increased
through Yoga in anemic patients. Further, 10
day mindful meditation shows the significant
improvement in quality and duration of sleep
along with the reduced arterial blood pressure
by reducing the sympathetic over activity in
CKD. Meditation improves the quality of life
and sympathetic over activity in Lupus
Nephritis Patients with chronic Kidney
Disease.

17. Yoga is a non-invasive and cost effective therapeutic
intervention that works at the Psychological and
physical level. This is effective in reduction of BP,
heart rate, inflammatory markers and in patients with
chronic kidney disease. Hypertension and diabetes are
the most common risk factors in CKD where Yogic
lifestyle helps in maintaining the blood pressure, sugar
and lipid levels, reduction in oxidative stress,
sympathetic tone, stress and pain associated with
CKD.
Hence Yoga has potential role in prevention and
management of CKD as an adjunct to the medicines.
Yoga must be done under the guidance of an expert.