3. RFID = Radio Frequency Identification
Electronic labeling and wireless identification
of objects using radio frequency
Tag carries with its information
◦ a serial number
◦ Model number
◦ Color or any other imaginable data
When these tags pass through a field
generated by a compatible reader, they
transmit this information back to the
reader, thereby identifying the object
4. A basic RFID system consists of these
components:
◦ A programmable RFID tag/inlay for storing item
data;
Consisting of an RFID chip for data storage
an antenna to facilitate communication with the RFID
chip
A reader/antenna system to interrogate the
RFID inlay
Application software and a host computer
system
5. The RFID tag consists of an integrated circuit
(IC) embedded in a thin film medium.
Information stored in the memory of the RFID
chip is transmitted by the antenna circuit
embedded in the RFID inlay via radio
frequencies, to an RFID reader
3 types
◦ Passive
◦ Semi-passive
◦ Active
6. Active Tags Semi-passive Tags Passive Tags
•Use a battery •Contain built-in •Derive their power
•communicate over batteries to power the from the field
distances of several chip’s circuitry, resist generated by the
meters interference and reader
circumvent a lack of •without having an
power from the reader active transmitter to
signal due to long transfer the
distance. information stored
•They are different from
active tags in that they
only transmit data at
the time a response is
received
7. Types of industries that respondents think
it is possible to apply RFID technology
Frequency Appx. Read Data Speed Cost of Application
Range Tags
Document
Inventory Control
Low Frequency <5cm 10% Low
Management
8%
High • Animal Identification
(125kHz)
(passive) Security
8%
• Access Control
Customer Services
5%
High Frequency 10 cm – 1m Low to Moderate Medium • Smart Cards
(13.56 Mhz) to Low
(passive) • Payment (paywave)
Library Management
21% Hotel Management
Ultra High 3m -7m Moderate to High Low
Other • Logistics and Supply Chain 5%
Frequency (433, 18%
868-928 Mhz) (passive) • Baggage Tracking
Banking and Finance
Microwave (2.45 & 10m -15m High High • Electronic toll collection 5%
Pharmaceutic manufacturing
5.8 Ghz) industries (Autotoll)
15%(passive)
Container Tracking
Social Services
• 3%
20m – 40m Logistics and Supply Chain
Management
(active) 20%
8. Application Representative Competitive Current Typical Tag Type
Segment Applications Technologies Penetratio
n
Access Control Doorway entry Other keyless High Passive
entry
technologies
Asset Tracking Locating None Low Active
tractors within
a freight yard
Asset Tagging Tracking Bar Code Low Passive
corporate
computing
systems
Authentication Luxury goods Holograms Low Passive
counterfeit
prevention
Baggage Positive bag Bar Code, Optical Low Passive
Tracking matching Character
Recognition
POS Applications SpeedPass Credit Cards, Medium Passive
Smart Cards,
Wireless Phones
SCM (Container Tracking GPS-based Low Active
Level) containers in Systems
shipping
terminals
SCM (Pallet Level) Tracking Bar Code Minimal Active, Passive
palletized
shipments
SCM (Item Level) Identifying Bar Code Minimal Passive
individual
items
Vehicle Electronic toll Bar Code, License Medium Active, Passive
Identification collection plate, reader
systems
9. Credit Cards with RFID
(Paywave function)
Applications
Octopus (Smart Card)
15. Positive
◦ RFID is a contactless reading technology and can
read through other materials
◦ Hold more data than barcode does
◦ RFID tags data can be changed or added
◦ More effective, bring lots of convenience to us
Negative
◦ Cost is relatively remain high (compare to barcode)
◦ RFID signals may have problems with some
materials
◦ RFID standards are still being developed
