11322431032014 instrumentacao para_o_ensino_de_fisica_iv_aula_9
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This document discusses a lesson about color perception. It has the following key points: - The lesson's objectives are for students to understand the new possibilities and challenges of teaching science, that physics can be taught through simple experiments rather than just textbooks, and that physics is an application of real examples rather than just solving problems. - The introduction discusses that color has always fascinated humans and the scientific study of color perception involves aspects of physics, biology, and the properties of light and physical objects. - The main content of the lesson explains how humans perceive color through the optical, chemical and neural processes involved in vision, focusing on the anatomy and function of the eye and retina. - It describes how color perception
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Instrumentação para o Ensino de Física IV
INTRODUÇÃO
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11322431032014 instrumentacao para_o_ensino_de_fisica_iv_aula_9
- 1. Aula 9 Vera Lucia Martins de Mello A PERCEPÇÃO DAS CORES META Fazer que o estudante pense no ensino de ciências como algo “orgânico” que está em profunda transformação; Fazer com que os alunos percebam, através de uma atividade lúdica, que podemos ensinar física através de experimentos muito simples, e que física é uma ciência aplicada e que pode ser aprendida através da observação de vários dispositivos do nosso cotidiano; Fazer com que os alunos percebam as aplicações da física no cotidiano e a interdisciplinaridade entre a física, química e a biologia. OBJETIVOS $R¿QDOGHVWDDXODRDOXQRGHYHUi HVWDUFLHQWHVGDVQRYDVSRVVLELOLGDGHVHGRVGHVD¿RVTXHHQYROYHPRHQVLQRGHFLrQFLDV em geral; 4XHSDUDVHHQVLQDUItVLFDQmRSUHFLVDPRV¿FDUSUHVRVDROLYURGLGiWLFR - Que se ensinar através de exemplos reais (experimentais) pode ser muito mais interessante, assimilativo e divertido; - Que ensinar física não é ensinar a resolver problemas e que a física é uma mera aplicação da matemática. PRÉ-REQUISITOS Os alunos deveram ter cursado as disciplinas de Psicologia da Educação, Física A, B e C.
- 2. 180 Instrumentação para o Ensino de Física IV INTRODUÇÃO $VFRUHVVHPSUHH[HUFHUDPXPJUDQGHIDVFtQLRVREUHRVVHUHVKXPDQRV 3RULVVRRHQWHQGLPHQWRGRIHQ{PHQRVHPSUHIRLREMHWRGHLQYHVWLJDo}HV HHVSHFXODo}HVDRORQJRGHPXLWRVVpFXORV$VLQYHVWLJDo}HVVREUHRIHQ{- PHQRHVWmRORQJHGHFKHJDUDRÀP 8PDDQiOLVHFLHQWtÀFDHPDLVFRPSOHWDGRIHQ{PHQRGDVFRUHVYDLDOpP GD)tVLFDSRLVHQYROYHDVSHFWRVELROyJLFRV3RGHPRVGLYLGLURHVWXGRGDV cores em três aspectos. ‡3HUFHSomRGDVFRUHV ‡3URSULHGDGHVGDOX] ‡3URSULHGDGHVItVLFDVGRVREMHWRV 3ULPHLUDPHQWHDQDOLVDUHPRVDTXHVWmRGHFRPRRVVHUHVKXPDQRV SHUFHEHPDVFRUHVeRSUREOHPDGDSHUFHSomRGDVFRUHV(VVDTXHVWmR IRJHiFRPSHWrQFLDHLQWHUHVVHGRVItVLFRV)DUHPRVQRHQWDQWRXPDUiSLGD discussão sobre o tema. 1HVWDDXODIDUHPRVXPEUHYHHVWXGRVREUHRROKRKXPDQRGRVLQVHWRV GDVDYHVHIHOLQRVHPJHUDO(VWXGDUHPRVRSRUTXrGDLOXVmRGHyWLFDHVHX SDSHOQDDUWH2VPiJLFRVLOXVLRQLVWDVDVVLPFRPRRVGLUHWRUHVGHFLQHPD ID]HPGRXVRGHVWHVHOHPHQWRVVXDFLrQFLD)DODQGRGHXPDIRUPDHPStULFD DGLIHUHQoDHQWUHRYHUHRROKDUHVWiUHODFLRQDGRDIDWRUHVGLYHUVRV DOJXQVySWLFRÀVLROyJLFRVHRXWURVGHRUGHPSHUFHSWRFXOWXUDLV$TXHVWmR GDGLIHUHQoDGHLQIRUPDomRFRQIHUHDDOJXPDVLPDJHQVXPVLJQLÀFDGR YDULiYHOGHFRGLÀFDGRDSDUWLUGHXPUHSHUWyULR 1DSUy[LPDDXODDERUGDUHPRVRVHJXQGRDVSHFWRGDWHRULDGDOX]'L] UHVSHLWRiUHODomRGDVFRUHVFRPDVSURSULHGDGHVGDOX]HPDLVJHUDOPHQWH FRPDVSURSULHGDGHVGRHVSHFWURHOHWURPDJQpWLFReQHVVHFRQWH[WRTXH VHHQFDL[DRWUDEDOKRSLRQHLURGH1HZWRQRTXDOUHODFLRQRXRIHQ{PHQR GDVFRUHViVSURSULHGDGHVGDOX] )LQDOPHQWHpLPSRUWDQWHIULVDUTXHDVFRUHVH[LELGDVSHORVREMHWRV podem ser entendidas a partir de determinadas propriedades físicas dos mesmos.
- 3. 181 A Percepção das cores Aula 9 eERPUHOHPEUDUTXHRREMHWLYRGDGLVFLSOLQD,QVWUXPHQWDomRpRGH DQDOLVDURVUHFXUVRVGLGiWLFRVHQmRLQWURGX]LUFRQWH~GRVGHItVLFD$VVLP QHVWDDXODXVDUHPRVRWH[WRSURGX]LGRSHORSURIHVVRU*LOGD0DUTXHVH UHYLVDGRSRUPLPSDUDRVLWHGRHItVLFD0$548(60(//2@ A PERCEPÇÃO DAS CORES $YLVmRGDVFRUHVpXPDFDSDFLGDGHLQHUHQWHDDOJXQVVHUHVYLYRVGH GLVWLQJXLURVREMHWRVFRPEDVHHPXPDSURSULHGDGHGDOX]TXHSURYHPGRV PHVPRV$OJXQVDQLPDLVVmRGHVWLWXtGRVGHVVDFDSDFLGDGH(VWHVDQLPDLV VmRVHQVtYHLViOX]PDVVmRLQVHQVtYHLVDHVVDSURSULHGDGHGDOX] $YLVmRpUHVSRQViYHOSRUFHUFDGHGHQRVVDSHUFHSomR5HVXPLQGR GHIRUPDH[WUHPDPHQWHVLQWpWLFDRDWRGHYHUpRUHVXOWDGRGHWUrVDo}HV GLVWLQWDVRSHUDo}HVyWLFDVTXtPLFDVHQHUYRVDV 2yUJmRUHVSRQViYHOSHODFDSWDomRGDLQIRUPDomROXPLQRVDYLVXDOH WUDQVIRUPiODHPLPSXOVRVDVHUHPGHFRGLÀFDGRVSHORVLVWHPDQHUYRVRp RROKRpXPLQVWUXPHQWRDOWDPHQWHHVSHFLDOL]DGRHGHOLFDGDPHQWHFRRU- GHQDGRHFDGDXPDGHVXDVHVWUXWXUDVGHVHPSHQKDXPSDSHOHVSHFtÀFR QDWUDQVIRUPDomRGDOX]VHWUDQVIRUPDQGRQRVHQWLGRGDYLVmR7RGDD HQWUDGDGHOX]GRPHLRH[WHUQRDWpFKHJDUjUHWLQDID]SDUWHGRVLVWHPD yWLFRSURSULDPHQWHGLWR$VHQVLELOL]DomRGDUHWLQDVHID]TXLPLFDPHQWH DOX]FRQYHUWLGDHPLPSXOVRVHOpWULFRVpWUDQVSRUWDGDDWUDYpVGRQHUYR ótico até o córtex. (VVDSURSULHGDGHTXHQRVSHUPLWHGLVWLQJXLUREMHWRVFRPEDVHQD FRUpDIUHTXrQFLDRXRFRPSULPHQWRGHRQGD
- 5. 182 Instrumentação para o Ensino de Física IV 'RSRQWRGHYLVWDGRPHFDQLVPRGDSHUFHSomRGDVFRUHVpHVVHQFLDO HQWHQGHUFRPRDFRUpUHJLVWUDGDQRQRVVRFpUHEURDSDUWLUGRPRPHQWR HPTXHHODLQFLGHQXPDSHTXHQDSDUWHGRQRVVRJORERRFXODU 3ULPHLUDPHQWHOHPEUDPRVTXHRVUDLRVOXPLQRVRVSURYHQLHQWHVGHXP REMHWRLQFLGHPSULPHLUDPHQWHQXPDSDUWHGRJORERRFXODUFRQKHFLGDFRPR FyUQHD(PVHJXLGDRVUDLRVSDVVDPSHODtULV$tULVWHPXPGLkPHWURYDULiYHO FXMDIXQomRpFRQWURODUDTXDQWLGDGHGHOX]TXHHQWUDQRROKR1RFHQWUR GDtULVHVWiDSXSLODGRROKR(PVHJXLGDDOX]DWLQJHXPDOHQWHFRQKHFLGD FRPRFULVWDOLQR2FULVWDOLQRpDOHQWHELFRQYH[D
- 8. 183 A Percepção das cores Aula 9 PLOK}HV
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- 11. 2VEDVWRQHWHVVmRFHUFDGHYH]HVPDLVVHQVtYHLViOX]GRTXHRV FRQHV3DUDVHQVLELOL]DURVEDVWRQHWHVEDVWDPXQVSRXFRVIyWRQV'HYLGR DHVVDH[WUHPDVHQVLELOLGDGHHOHVVmRUHVSRQViYHLVSHODYLVmRQRWXUQD2 VHQWLGRGDYLVmRSURYLGDSHORVEDVWRQHWHVQRHQWDQWRpXPDYLVmRDGXDV FRUHVEUDQFRHSUHWRRPSRXFDOX]pSRVVtYHOREVHUYDUIRUPDVHPRYL- PHQWRVPDVQmRFRUHV %DVWRQHWHVȺj9LVmRQRWXUQD Cones Ⱥj9LVmRDFRUHV )LJXUD9tGHR'QHXURFLrQFLD'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSZZZRXWXEHFRPZDWFKY LN1-X9; IX[ IHDWXUH UHODWHG )LJXUD/HQWHV)URQWDLVDWRGR3UDWRFRP0LFURFDQDO)RQWHGH$OWD9ROWDJHP 7HODGHIyVIRUR(HSLHFH
- 12. 184 Instrumentação para o Ensino de Física IV 2VFRQHVVmRUHVSRQViYHLVSHODYLVmRjVFRUHV,VWRpRVFRQHVVmRFD- SD]HVGHGLIHUHQFLDUDVRQGDVHOHWURPDJQpWLFDVFRPEDVHQDVXDIUHTXrQFLD 1DYHUGDGHHVWDPRVIDODQGRGHWUrVWLSRVGHFRQHV/RQJRVFHUFDGH
- 13. 0pGLRVFHUFDGH
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- 18. 185 A Percepção das cores Aula 9 2FRUUHTXHVyVHQVLELOL]DPRVRVQRVVRVVHQWLGRVSDUDHIHLWRGH HQ[HUJDURVREMHWRVVHDVRQGDVHOHWURPDJQpWLFDVHVWLYHUHPGHQWURGH GHWHUPLQDGRVYDORUHV$SDUWHGRHVSHFWURHOHWURPDJQpWLFRYLVtYHOHVWiQR intervalo entre 400nm até 700nm. Outros animais podem ser sensíveis a RXWURGRPtQLRGRHVSHFWURHOHWURPDJQpWLFR A FISIOLOGIA DA VISÃO BINOCULAR %LQRFXODULGDGHHPVHXVHQWLGRPDLVDPSORpRWHUPRTXHVHDSOLFDj FDSDFLGDGHGHUHFHEHUHSURFHVVDUHVWtPXORVYLVXDLVFRPGRLVROKRV(QWUH DVGLIHUHQWHVHVSpFLHVTXHSRVVXHPHVVHDWULEXWRVXDVSHFXOLDULGDGHVHÀQV VmRPXLWRGLVWLQWRV(QTXDQWRSDUDFRHOKRVDIXQomRELQRFXODUpDGHSURYL- PHQWRGHFDPSRVYLVXDLVLQGHSHQGHQWHVJDUDQWLGRVSRUyUJmRVYLVXDLVGH FDGDODGRGDFDEHoDQRVSULPDWDVVXSHULRUHVHQRKRPHP
- 23. 186 Instrumentação para o Ensino de Física IV VHSUHVHQWHVGLSORSLDHFRQIXVmRVHQGRQHFHVViULDVXSUHVVmRÀVLROyJLFD FRUWLFDO
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- 38. $LQWHUSUHWDomRGHOXPLQRVLGDGHGHXPREMHWRMiSURYpPGHQRVVD LQWHUSUHWDomRGDTXDQWLGDGHVHOX]HPLWLGDRXUHÁHWLGDSRUHOH A visão pode ser de acordo com a luminosidade: fotópica ou escotópica: )RWySLFDPRGRGHYLVmRQRUPDOTXDQGRVmRLOXPLQDGRVSRU XPDOX]GLXUQD$FLRQDEDVLFDPHQWHRVFRQHVHSRULVVRGLVWLQJXH DVFRUHV$FRQWHFHQDUHJLmRFHQWUDOGDUHWLQDGLUHWDPHQWHOLJDGDDR PRYLPHQWRGDSXSLODWHPVXDDFXLGDGHDFHQWXDGD (VWRFySLFDpDYLVmRQRWXUQDSUHGRPLQDQWHDDWLYLGDGHGRV EDVWRQHWHVDSUHVHQWDXPDSHUFHSomRDFURPiWLFDGHIUDFDDFXLGDGH HDFRQWHFHSULQFLSDOPHQWHGLDQWHGDEDL[DOXPLQRVLGDGHQDUHJLmR periférica da retina. $SHUFHSomRGDFRUVHGiDWUDYpVGRHVSHFWURGHOX]RDUFRtULVVHQGR DFRUSURSULDPHQWHGLWDGDOX]HPLWLGDYDULDGHDFRUGRFRPRFRPSULPHQWR GHRQGD$YDULDomRGRFRPSULPHQWRGHRQGDpLQYLVtYHODROKRQXQDV UHJL}HVH[WHUQDVGRHVSHFWUR
- 39. 187 A Percepção das cores Aula 9 Cor = comprimento de onda $VVLPFRPRDGLVWLQomRGHOXPLQRVLGDGHpUHVXOWDGRGDVUHDo}HVGR VLVWHPDYLVXDOjOXPLQkQFLDGRVREMHWRVDFRUQmRHVWiQRVREMHWRVPDV HPQRVVDSHUFHSomR(PXPDGDVIRUPDVGHFODVVLÀFDomRHPStULFDGDVFRUHV XWLOL]DVHGDFRPELQDomRGHWUrVYDORUHVRPDWL]FRPSULPHQWRGDRQGD
- 44. H5LFKDUG*UHJRU
- 46. HVFUHYHXDQWHVGDYLUDGDGRVpFXOR;,; ´4XDQGRHVFXWDPRVXPRUDGRUTXHIDODRXOrXPDSiJLQDHPYR]DOWD PXLWRGRTXHSHQVDPRVYHURXRXYLUpGHIDWRVXSULGRSHODQRVVDPHPyULDµ ILUSÕES: SENSORIAIS, QUÍMICAS E COGNITIVAS (PERUDDVLOXV}HVYLVXDLVVHMDPDVPDLVHVWXGDGDVHODVH[LVWHPHP RXWUDVPRGDOLGDGHVVHQVRULDLVFRPRDXGLomRWDWRROIDomRHJXVWDomR1R FDVRGDVLOXV}HVYLVXDLVPXLWDVYH]HVVmRGHQRPLQDGDVJHQpULFDHLPSUH- FLVDPHQWH´LOXV}HVGHyWLFDµ(PXPDWHQWDWLYDGHFODVVLÀFDomRSRGHPRV GL]HUTXHDVLOXV}HVYLVXDLVGHULYDPGHWUrVSULQFLSDLVYHUWHQWHVySWLFDV VHQVRULDLVHFRJQLWLYDV RPRH[HPSORWHPRVTXHXPREMHWRSDUFLDOPHQWHPHUJXOKDGRQD iJXDpYLVWRFRPRGHVFRQWtQXRVHQGRDFDXVDGHVVHIHQ{PHQRDUHIUDomR GDOX]SHODLQWHUIDFHiJXDDU9HUÀJXUDDEDL[R
- 47. 188 Instrumentação para o Ensino de Física IV RUHVPXLWRSUy[LPDVFRPFRQWUDVWHVGHPDWL]OXPLQRVLGDGHHVDWX- UDo}HVGLVWLQWDVGHPDLVFDXVDPXPDYLEUDomRWRUQDQGRDERUGDHQWUHDV FRUHVLPSUHFLVD9HMDÀJXUDVDEDL[R )LJXUD8PREMHWRSDUFLDOPHQWHPHUJXOKDGRQDiJXD $OHLWXUDGDLPDJHPOHYDHPFRQVLGHUDomRDVOLQKDVHDFRQVWUXomR GDLPDJHPPHQWDOTXHpIHLWDDRVSRXFRV0(VFKHUXWLOL]RXVHPXLWR GHVWHIDWRUSHUFHSWLYRHPVXDVFRQVWUXo}HVJHRPpWULFDV9HUÀJXUDDEDL[R
- 48. 189 A Percepção das cores Aula 9 2GHVHQYROYLPHQWRGRVLVWHPDyWLFRpDTXLORTXHYDLGHWHUPLQDUD TXDOLGDGHGDFDSWDomRGDLPDJHPDSDUWLUGHXPPHFDQLVPRELQRFXODU RVHUKXPDQRWHPQRo}HVGHHVSDoRGLPHQV}HVFRUHVWH[WXUDVHWRGDD JDPDGHGDGRVTXHLUmRFRPSRUDSHUFHSomRGHXPDLPDJHP $UHWLQDQmRpSDVVLYDQRSURFHVVRGHYHUPDVDWXDKLHUDUTXL]DQGR GHFRGLÀFDQGRFRPSOHPHQWDQGRGDGRVTXHLUmRFRPSRUDSHUFHSomR2 FpUHEURDSDUWLUGDVLQIRUPDo}HVREWLGDVGDUHWLQDFULDRTXHHQ[HUJDPRV 8PDLOXVmRFRJQLWLYDVXUJHGDGLVFUHSkQFLDHQWUHDVVROXo}HVSHUFHSWLYDV JHUDGDVHPGXDVVLWXDo}HVGLIHUHQWHVDSDUWLUGHXPPHVPRREMHWR 1mRVHSRGHPFRQVLGHUDUDVLOXV}HVFRPRHUURVGHSHUFHSomRPDV QDYHUGDGHWUDWDVHGHXPDRUJDQL]DomRGLIHUHQWHIHLWDSHORVPHFDQLVPRV TXHFRQVWURHPRSHUFHSWR'HVFRQVLGHUDURIDWRUSVLFROyJLFRGDSHUFHS- omRpQmRFRQVLGHUDUTXHDWpQRVVDSHUFHSomRGHHVSDoRHWHPSRVRIUHGH IRUPDGLUHWDLQÁXrQFLDGHHPRo}HVVHQWLPHQWRVRXHVWDGRGHHVStULWR FRQGX]LQGRQRVSRULOXV}HVGHIRUPDSURIXQGLGDGHFRUHPRYLPHQWR 8PSHUFHSWRpSDUWHFDSWDGRHSDUWHFRQVWUXtGR )LJXUD(UURGHSHUVSHFWLYDHPXPFXER0(VFKHU )LJXUD2QGHFRPHoDRXWHUPLQDDVSDWDVGRHOHIDQWH0(VFKHU
- 49. 190 Instrumentação para o Ensino de Física IV OLHO COMPOSTO 2ROKRFRPSRVWRRXIDFHWDGRpSUySULRGRVLQVHWRVHGHDOJXQVDQLPDLV PDULQKRVDGDROKRFRPSRVWRpIRUPDGRSRUSHTXHQDVIDFHWDVUHFHSWRUDV GHOX]FKDPDGDVRPDWtGLRV([DOLEpOXODRPDWtGLRVDPXWXFD RPDWtGLRVDPRVFDRPDWtGLRVHDIRUPLJDVXEWHUUkQHDRPDWtGLRV $ÀJXUDDFLPDRROKRFRPSRVWRGHXPLQVHWR 1DH[WUHPLGDGHGHFDGDRPDWtGLRHVWiDFyUQHDHORJRDEDL[RRFRQH FULVWDOLQRTXHDWXDPFRPROHQWHVSDUDIRFDOL]DURVUDLRVOXPLQRVRVSDUDR UDEGRPDHOHPHQWRIRWRVVHQVtYHO
- 50. DGDRPDWtGLRFDSWDXPDLPDJHPGLPLQXWDGRFDPSRYLVXDODVXD IUHQWHTXHpWUDQVPLWLGDDWUDYpVGHÀEUDVQHUYRVDVDWpRFpUHEURRQGH IRUPDMXQWDPHQWHFRPDVLPDJHQVGRVRXWURVRPDWtGLRVXPPRVDLFRTXH pDLPDJHPJOREDO DISPOSITIVO DIÓPTRICO A córnea e o cone cristalino formam o dispositivo dióptrico e con- VWLWXHPRHOHPHQWRIRFDOL]DGRUGDOX] $FyUQHDpXPDOHQWHELFRQYH[DRXSODQRFRQYH[DJHUDOPHQWHVyOLGD HWUDQVSDUHQWHFRPHVSHVVXUDGHDWpƬP 2FRQHFULVWDOLQRSRGHVHUVyOLGRRXOtTXLGRWUDQVSDUHQWHGHIRUPD WULDQJXODUFRPEDVHORJRDEDL[RGDFyUQHDHRiSLFHHPFRQWDWRFRPDV células fotossensíveis.
- 51. 191 A Percepção das cores Aula 9 $IRFDOL]DomRRFRUUHGHYLGRjPXGDQoDGHGLUHomRGHXPIHL[HOXPL- noso. (VVDSURSULHGDGHItVLFDFDUDFWHUtVWLFDGDVRQGDVFKDPDVHUHIUDomR 4XDQGRXPUDLROXPLQRVRSURSDJDQGRVHHPGHWHUPLQDGRPHLR HQFRQWUDDVXSHUItFLHGHXPRXWURPHLRWUDQVSDUHQWHSDUWHGHOHSRGHVHU UHÁHWLGDHSDUWHWUDQVPLWLGD2VUDLRVWUDQVPLWLGRVPXGDPGHGLUHomRLVWR pVmRUHIUDWDGRV 2UDEGRPDVLWXDVHORJRDEDL[RGRFRQHFULVWDOLQRDRORQJRGRHL[R GRRPDWtGLRFRPRLQGLFDDÀJXUDDEDL[RHPHGHGHDƬPGHFRP- SULPHQWR(OHFRQWHPXPSLJPHQWRIRWRVVHQVtYHOTXHDEVRUYHIyWRQV$ DEVRUomRGDOX]pRSULPHLURSDVVRQDFDGHLDGRSURFHVVRYLVXDORXVHMD GDIRUPDomRGDLPDJHP $OX]TXHpIRFDOL]DGDSHORGLVSRVLWLYRGLySWULFRVREUHDH[WUHPLGDGH GRUDEGRPDRDWUDYHVVDVRIUHQGRUHÁH[}HVLQWHUQDVHPVXDVSDUHGHV(VVDV ~OWLPDVIXQFLRQDPFRPRXPDLQWHUIDFHHQWUHGRLVPHLRVySWLFRVGLIHUHQWHV HRUDEGRPDVHUYHGHJXLDGHRQGDOXPLQRVD )LJXUD²5DLRVLQFLGHQWHVUHÁHWLGRHUHIUDWDGR
- 52. 192 Instrumentação para o Ensino de Física IV ACUIDADE VISUAL $DFXLGDGHYLVXDOVLJQLÀFDDFDSDFLGDGHTXHRROKRSRVVXLSDUDGLVWLQ- JXLUGRLVREMHWRVPXLWRSUy[LPRVFRPRGXDVHQWLGDGHVGLVWLQWDVHPYH] GHXPDVy$DFXLGDGHYLVXDOGHXPDDEHOKDGRPpVWLFDHTXLYDOHDFHUFD GHXPFHQWpVLPRGDDFXLGDGHKXPDQDHQTXDQWRTXHDGHXPDGURVyÀODp GHDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHXPPLOpVLPR$H[SUHVVmRHP)tVLFDSDUDGHVLJQDUD acuidade visual é o poder de resolução. LUZ POLARIZADA Experiências mostram uma característica interessante da visão dos LQVHWRV$FDSDFLGDGHGHRULHQWDomRDWUDYpVGHSHUFHSomRGDOX]SRODUL]DGD 2HVWXGRGHPRQVWURXTXHPHVPRTXHRVROQmRIRVVHGLUHWDPHQWHYLVtYHOD DEHOKDVHULDFDSD]GHRULHQWDUDVGHPDLVDEHOKDVSDUDRORFDORQGHHQFRQWURX QpFWDULVWRPHVPRFRPXPSHTXHQRSHGDoRGHFpXD]XO
- 53. 193 A Percepção das cores Aula 9 Como mencionado anteriormente as ondas luminosas são ondas trans- YHUVDLV²RQGDVGHYLEUDo}HVWUDQVYHUVDLVGRYHWRUFDPSRHOpWULFR(HGR YHWRUFDPSRPDJQpWLFR% $ÀJXUDDEDL[RPRVWUDDSURSDJDomRGHXPYHWRUFDPSRHOpWULFRFXMD amplitude é E e o sentido é para a direita. Ⱥ Ⱥ Ⱥ 3RODUL]DUXPDRQGDOXPLQRVDVLJQLÀFDFRQVHJXLUREWHUYLEUDo}HVGRYH- WRUFDPSRHOpWULFR(QXPD~QLFDGLUHomR,VVRSRGHVHUFRQVHJXLGRFRP XPDIROKDGHSOiVWLFRFKDPDGDSRODUL]DGRUFRQWHQGRXPDORQJDFDGHLDGH PDFURPROpFXODVRULHQWDGDVQXPD~QLFDGLUHomRTXHIRUPDRHL[RySWLFR 4XDQGRXPSRODUL]DGRULQWHUFHSWDXPDRQGDOXPLQRVDFRQWHQGR YLEUDo}HVGRYHWRUFDPSR(HPWRGDVDVGLUHo}HVVRPHQWHDVYLEUD- o}HVDRORQJRGDRULHQWDomRPROHFXODUVmRWUDQVPLWLGDVHGL]VHTXHDOX] HPHUJHQWHpSRODUL]DGD )LJXUD²2VFLODomRGHXPYHWRUFDPSRHOpWULFR( SHUSHQGLFXODUjGLUHomRGHSURSDJDomR )LJXUD²3RVVtYHLVRUL- entações do vetor campo elétrico E vistas de frente. Ⱥ Ⱥ VISÃO A CORES $PDLRUSDUWHGRVREMHWRVHQFRQWUDGRVQDQDWXUH]DQmRVmROXPLQRVRV SRUVLHVVHVREMHWRVDEVRUYHPXPDSDUWHHUHÁHWHPRXWUDSDUWHGDOX]TXH LQFLGHVREUHHOHV$FRUGHXPREMHWRpGHWHUPLQDGDSHODFRPSRVLomRGD OX]SRUHOHUHÁHWLGD2VREMHWRVYHUPHOKRVDEVRUYHPWRGRVRVUDLRVGRHV- SHFWURYLVtYHOH[FHWRRVYHUPHOKRVLVWRpHVVHV~OWLPRVVmRUDLRVUHÁHWLGRV 2VREMHWRVYHUGHVDEVRUYHPRYHUPHOKRRD]XOHRYLROHWDHQTXDQWRTXH
- 54. 194 Instrumentação para o Ensino de Física IV RVREMHWRVDPDUHORVDEVRUYHPXPDHVWUHLWDIDL[DGRHVSHFWURYLVtYHOTXH FRUUHVSRQGHDRD]XOYLROHWDHUHÁHWHPRVUDLRVYHUGHDPDUHORHDODUDQMDGR 4XDQGRXPDQLPDOGLVWLQJXHSRUH[HPSORRDPDUHORGRYHUGHLVVR VLJQLÀFDTXHRROKRGHVVHDQLPDOpH[FLWDGRGHPRGRGLIHUHQWHSRUHVVDV radiações. Entretanto não se sabe exatamente como isto ocorre. A reação do DQLPDOjUDGLDomRGHGLIHUHQWHVFRPSULPHQWRVGHRQGDSRGHVHUHVWXGDGDGH GXDVPDQHLUDVSHORFRPSULPHQWRHSHODVPXGDQoDVIXQFLRQDLVÀVLROyJLFDV ELRTXtPLFDVRXKLVWROyJLFDVTXHRFRUUHPQRROKR $IDL[DGHUDGLDomRHOHWURPDJQpWLFDSHUFHSWtYHOGRVLQVHWRVpGHVORFDGD FRPUHODomRjGRVVHUHVKXPDQRVTXHpGHDc(PJHUDORV LQVHWRVVmRFHJRVSDUDRYHUPHOKR$VÁRUHVYHUPHOKDVHPJHUDOQmRVmR YLVWDVSHORVLQVHWRV$VSRXFDVÁRUHVYHUPHOKDVSROLQL]DGDVSHODVDEHOKDV UHÁHWHPSDUWHGDUDGLDomRXOWUDYLROHWDYLVtYHOSDUDHODV Questões: 42TXHpXPROKRFRPSRVWR 44XDORSULQFtSLRGHIXQFLRQDPHQWRGHXPROKRFRPSRVWR 42TXHpXPGLVSRVLWLYRGLySWULFR(TXDODVXDIXQomR 42TXHpUHIUDomR 42TXHpXPUDEGRPD(TXDODVXDIXQomR 42TXHpDFXLGDGHYLVXDO 42TXHpOX]SRODUL]DGD 42TXHVLJQLÀFD3RODUL]DUXPDRQGDOXPLQRVD 42TXHGHWHUPLQDDFRUGHXPREMHWR 44XDOpDIDL[DGHUDGLDomRHOHWURPDJQpWLFDSHUFHSWtYHOGRVVHUHV KXPDQRV VISÃO DAS AVES [WIKIPÉDIA] $YLVmRpRVHQWLGRPDLVLPSRUWDQWHSDUDDVDYHVXPDYH]TXHXPDERD YLVmRpHVVHQFLDOSDUDXPYRRVHJXURHHVWHJUXSRWHPXPDVpULHGHDGDS- WDo}HVTXHGmRDFXLGDGHYLVXDOVXSHULRUjGHRXWURVJUXSRVGHYHUWHEUDGRV 3RUH[HPSORXPSRPERWHPVLGRGHVFULWRFRPRGRLVROKRVFRPDVDV 2ROKRGHXPDDYHDVVHPHOKDDGHXPUpSWLOFRPRVP~VFXORVFLOLDUHV TXHSRGHPPXGDUDIRUPDGDOHQWHUDSLGDPHQWHHHPPDLRUPHGLGDGR TXHQRVPDPtIHURV'HQWURGRUHLQRDQLPDODVDYHVWrPRVPDLRUHVROKRV HPUHODomRDRVHXWDPDQKRHRPRYLPHQWRpSRUWDQWROLPLWDGDGHQWURGR RVVRGDyUELWDRFXODU$OpPGDVGXDVSiOSHEUDVJHUDOPHQWHHQFRQWUDGDVHP YHUWHEUDGRVRROKRGDDYHpSURWHJLGRSRUXPDWHUFHLUDPHPEUDQDWUDQV- SDUHQWHPyYHO6XDDQDWRPLDLQWHUQDpVHPHOKDQWHjGHRXWURVYHUWHEUDGRV PDVSRVVXLXPDHVWUXWXUDRRFXOL3HFWHQH[FOXVLYRSDUDDYHV
- 55. 195 A Percepção das cores Aula 9 $YHVFRPRSHL[HVDQItELRVHUpSWHLVWrPTXDWURWLSRVGHUHFHSWRUHV GHFRUQRVROKRV$PDLRULDGRVPDPtIHURVWrPGRLVWLSRVGHUHFHSWRUHV HPERUDRVSULPDWDVSRVVXDPWUrV,VWRGijVDYHVDFDSDFLGDGHGHQmRSHU- FHEHUDSHQDVRHVSHFWURYLVtYHOPDVWDPEpPSDUWHGRHVSHFWURGRVUDLRV XOWUDYLROHWD2XWUDVDGDSWDo}HVSHUPLWHPDGHWHFomRGHOX]SRODUL]DGDRX FDPSRVPDJQpWLFRV$VDYHVWrPPDLVUHFHSWRUHVGHOX]SURSRUFLRQDOPHQWH QDUHWLQDTXHRVPDPtIHURVHPDLVFRQH[}HVQHUYRVDVHQWUHDVFpOXODVIR- torreceptoras e do cérebro. $OJXQVJUXSRVGHDYHVWrPDOWHUDo}HVHVSHFtÀFDVQRVHXVLVWHPDYLVXDO OLJDGDDRVHXPRGRGHYLGD$YHVGHUDSLQDWrPXPDGHQVLGDGHPXLWRDOWD GHUHFHSWRUHVHRXWUDVDGDSWDo}HVTXHPD[LPL]DPDDFXLGDGHYLVXDO$FR- ORFDomRGRVVHXVROKRVOKHVGiERDYLVmRELQRFXODUTXHSHUPLWHMXOJDPHQWR H[DWRGDVGLVWkQFLDV(VSpFLHVQRWXUQDVWrPROKRVWXEXODUHVEDL[RQ~PHUR GHGHWHFWRUHVGHFRUPDVXPDDOWDGHQVLGDGHGHEDVWRQHWHVTXHIXQFLRQDP EHPFRPSRXFDOX] ANATOMIA DO OLHO DAS AVES [WIKIPÉDIA] $VSULQFLSDLVHVWUXWXUDVGRROKRGRSiVVDURVmRVLPLODUHVDRVGHRXWURV YHUWHEUDGRV$FDPDGDH[WHUQDGRROKRFRQVLVWHQDIUHQWHQDFyUQHDWUDQV- SDUHQWHHGXDVFDPDGDVGHHVFOHUDXPDFDPDGDEUDQFDGHÀEUDVFROiJHQD HUHVLVWHQWHTXHHQYROYHRUHVWRGRROKRHTXHDSRLDHSURWHJHRROKRFRPR XPWRGR2ROKRpGLYLGLGRLQWHUQDPHQWHSHODOHQWHHPGRLVVHJPHQWRV SULQFLSDLVRVHJPHQWRDQWHULRUHVHJPHQWRSRVWHULRU$FkPDUDDQWHULRUp SUHHQFKLGDFRPXPOtTXLGRDTXRVRFKDPDGRKXPRUDTXRVRHDFkPDUD SRVWHULRUFRQWpPRKXPRUYtWUHRXPDVXEVWkQFLDFODUDHJHODWLQRVD )LJXUD$QDWRPLDGRROKRGDVDYHV'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSZZZFDORSVLWDUFRPEU YLVDRGDVDYHVKWPO $OHQWHIRUPDRFRUSRHPIRUPDGHXPDOHQWHFRQYH[DµWUDQVSDUHQWH com uma camada mais externa e uma camada interna mais macia. Ele IRFDOL]DDOX]VREUHDUHWLQD2IRUPDWRGDOHQWHSRGHVHUDOWHUDGRSHORV P~VFXORVFLOLDUHVTXHHVWmRGLUHWDPHQWHOLJDGRVjFiSVXODGRFULVWDOLQRSRU
- 56. 196 Instrumentação para o Ensino de Física IV PHLRGDVÀEUDV]RQXODU$OpPGHVVHVP~VFXORVDOJXQVSiVVDURVWDPEpPWrP XPVHJXQGRFRQMXQWRGHP~VFXORVGHQRPLQDGRVGHUDPSWRQTXHSRGH PXGDUDIRUPDGDFyUQHDGDQGRDVVLPXPDPDLRUYDULDomRQRIRFRYLVXDO GDVDYHVGRTXHpSRVVtYHOSDUDRVPDPtIHURV(VVDDFRPRGDomRSRGHVHU UiSLGDHPDOJXPDVDYHVDTXiWLFDVFRPRQRPHUJXOKRGRPHUJXOKmR$tULV pXPGLDIUDJPDFRORULGRRSHUDGRPXVFXODUPHQWHQDIUHQWHGDOHQWHTXH FRQWURODDTXDQWLGDGHGHOX]TXHHQWUDQRROKR1RFHQWURGDtULVWHPRVD SXSLODTXHpDiUHDFLUFXODUYDULiYHODWUDYpVGRTXDODOX]SDVVDSDUDRROKR $UHWLQDpXPDiUHDUHODWLYDPHQWHWUDQTXLODFRPSRVWDSRUP~OWLSODV FDPDGDVIRWRVVHQVtYHOGHHVWUXWXUDFXUYDGHQRPLQDGDKDVWHHDVSLOKDV GHFRQHFRPQHXU{QLRVHYDVRVVDQJXtQHRVDVVRFLDGRV$GHQVLGDGHGRV IRWRUUHFHSWRUHVpIXQGDPHQWDOSDUDGHWHUPLQDUDDFXLGDGHYLVXDOPi[LPD DOFDQoiYHO 2VVHUHVKXPDQRVWrPFHUFDGHUHFHSWRUHVSRUPPPDVR pardal possui 400.000 e o urubu comum 1.000.000. Os fotorreceptores não HVWmRLQGLYLGXDOPHQWHOLJDGRVDRQHUYRySWLFRHGDUHODomRGRVJkQJOLRV nervosos aos receptores é importante na determinação da resolução. Esta é PXLWRHOHYDGDSDUDRVSiVVDURVDDOYpRODEUDQFDWrPSDUD FpOXODVJDQJOLRQDUHVIRWRUUHFHSWRUHV 2VEDVWRQHWHVVmRPDLVVHQVtYHLVjOX]PDVQmRGmRQHQKXPDLQIRUPD- omRGHFRUHQTXDQWRRVFRQHVPDLVVHQVtYHLVSRVVLELOLWDPDYLVmRGHFRUHV (PDYHVGLXUQDVGRVUHFHSWRUHVSRGHPVHUFRQHVHPDOJXQV DQGRULQK}HV
- 58. 197 A Percepção das cores Aula 9 WUDQVPLWHPDVPHQVDJHQVGRROKRFRPDVSDUWHVUHOHYDQWHVGRFpUHEURH YLFHYHUVDRPRQRVPDPtIHURVDVDYHVWrPXPSHTXHQRSRQWRFHJR VHPIRWRUUHFHSWRUHVQDSDSLODDWUDYpVGRTXDOQHUYRySWLFRHRVYDVRV VDQJXtQHRVID]HPDXQLmRFRPRROKR $3HFWHQpXPyUJmRPDOFRPSUHHQGLGRTXHFRQVLVWHGHWHFLGRGRE- UDGRTXHVHSURMHWDGDUHWLQDeEHPLUULJDGDSRUYDVRVVDQJXtQHRVHSDUHFH manter a retina fornecida com nutrientes. Também pode sombrear a retina GDOX]RIXVFDQWHRXDMXGDQDGHWHFomRGHREMHWRVHPPRYLPHQWR $FRURLGHpXPDFDPDGDVLWXDGDDWUiVGDUHWLQDTXHFRQWpPJUDQGH TXDQWLGDGHGHSHTXHQDVDUWpULDVHYHLDV(VWHVIRUQHFHPVDQJXHDUWHULDO SDUDDUHWLQDHGUHQDRVDQJXHYHQRVR$FRURLGHFRQWpPPHODQLQDXP SLJPHQWRTXHGiDYLVmRLQWHULRUGHFRUHVFXUDDMXGDQGRDHYLWDUUHÁH[RV perturbadores. PERCEPÇÃO DE LUZ ([LVWHPGRLVWLSRVGHUHFHSWRUHVGHOX]HPXPROKRGHSiVVDURYDUDV HFRQHV9DUDVTXHFRQWrPRSLJPHQWRYLVXDOURGRSVLQDVmRPHOKRUHV SDUDDYLVmRQRWXUQDSRUTXHHOHVVmRVHQVtYHLVDSHTXHQDVTXDQWLGDGHVGH OX]2VFRQHVVHUYHPSDUDGHWHFWDUFRUHVHVSHFtÀFDVRXFRPSULPHQWRVGH RQGD
- 61. 198 Instrumentação para o Ensino de Física IV FpOXODFRQHTXHDIHWDPRVQHXU{QLRVHPXPDFDPDGDGHJkQJOLRVGDUHWLQD DGDQHXU{QLRQDFDPDGDJDQJOLRQDUSRGHSURFHVVDUDLQIRUPDomRGH FHUWRQ~PHURGHFpOXODVIRWRUUHFHSWRUDVHSRUVXDYH]SRGHGHVHQFDGHDU XPLPSXOVRQHUYRVRSDUDUHSDVVDULQIRUPDo}HVDRORQJRGRQHUYRySWLFR para a parte posterior do cérebro para processamento em centros visuais HVSHFLDOL]DGRV4XDQWRPDLVLQWHQVDDOX]PDLVIyWRQVVmRDEVRUYLGRVSHORV SLJPHQWRVYLVXDLVHPDLRUDH[FLWDomRGHFDGDFRQHHPDLVEULOKDQWHDOX] aparece. Questões: 4²RPRRVIHOLQRVFRQVHJXHPHQ[HUJDUQRHVFXUR Q12 - Como funciona a visão dos cães? 4²2TXHpLOXVmRGHySWLFD APPLETS DE ENSINO $QDOLVHRVDSSOHWVVXJHULGRV ²9LVmRRORULGD3URMHWR3KHW KWWSZZZÀVLFDQLPDGDQHWEUT ySWLFDFRORUYLVLRQ )LJXUD'LDJUDPDGHXPDFpOXODFRQHGHDYHV'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSZZZFDORSVLWDUFRP EUYLVDRGDVDYHVKWPO
- 62. 199 A Percepção das cores Aula 9 -2SWLFVXUVRGHÐSWLFD(PERUDHVWHMDHPHVSDQKROQDSDUWHLQIHULRU GDSiJLQDH[LVWHPDVÀJXUDVGRVDSSOHWV KWWSZZZXEHGXMDYDRSWLFV 9HMDRROKRKXPDQR0RGHOR'HORMR
- 63. 6HYRFrFOLFDUQHOHDEULUiGXDV QRYDVSiJLQDV9HUÀJXUDDEDL[R $TXLVHGHÀQHRVSDUkPHWURVGDGLVIXQomRGDYLVWDRMR
- 65. 200 Instrumentação para o Ensino de Física IV $VÀJXUDVDEDL[RGHPRQVWUDPDLPDJHPGDSDLVDJHPHRTXHpYLVWR SHORROKR 9,'(2$8/$6 Vídeo aulas sobre a visão: KWWSZZZZHEFLHQFLDFRPBYLVDRKWP KWWSZZZSDVDGHQDHHFRPIDTIDTIDTBWH[WKWPO KWWSEURXWXEHFRPZDWFKY )]QO,[2R KWWSEURXWXEHFRPZDWFKY )ZU3P])E$ IHDWXUH UHODWHG 9tGHRVVREUH,OXVmRGHySWLFD2EUDGH0(VFKHU KWWSZZZRXWXEHFRPZDWFKY S9ZU88Z]%5R IHDWXUH IYVU ,OXVmRGHÐWLFD,PDJHPSURMHWDGD'2PDJRGDItVLFD KWWSZZZRXWXEHFRPZDWFKY =+MZ1+ IHDWXUH IYVU CONCLUSÃO 8PDDXODVREUHRWHPD´WHRULDHSHUFHSomRGDVFRUHVµLOXVWUDPXLWR EHPDVDSOLFDo}HVGDItVLFDQRVIHQ{PHQRVHGLVSRVLWLYRVGRGLDDGLD 3HORIDWRGDOX]HVWDUOLJDGDDXPGRVQRVVRVPDLVLPSRUWDQWHVVHQ- WLGRVRGDYLVmRHVWHSRVVXLLQ~PHUDVDSOLFDo}HVQDQRVVDYLGDFRWLGLDQD (VWHWDPEpPHQULTXHFHRFRQWH~GRGDGLVFLSOLQDGHItVLFDHDWRUQDPXLWR PDLVDWUDHQWH9LPRVTXHKiXPDDPSODYDULHGDGHGHDSSOHWVYtGHRDXODVH H[SHULPHQWRVVREUHHVWHWHPDTXHIDFLOLWDULDPXLWRDH[HFXomRGHXPDDXOD
- 66. 201 A Percepção das cores Aula 9 RESUMO 'RPHVPRPRGRTXHQDDERUGDJHPVREUHRWHPD´/X]µQHVWDDXOD DSUHVHQWDPRVXPWH[WRSUHSDUDGRSDUDID]HUSDUWHGRHOLYURGRHItVLFD (VWDDXODHVWDULFDPHQWHLOXVWUDGDFRPÀJXUDVYtGHRDXODVHDSSOHWV1HOD tratamos da teoria e da percepção das cores. Explicamos as formas mais XVXDLVGHFRPSRVLomRGDVFRUHV7HUPLQDPRVDDXODFRPXPDDQiOLVHGH DOJXQVDSSOHWVGHHQVLQRH[SHULPHQWRVGHEDL[RFXVWRHYtGHRDXODV RESPOSTA ÀS QUESTÕES 42TXHpXPROKRFRPSRVWR52ROKRFRPSRVWRRXIDFHWDGRpSUySULR GRVLQVHWRVHGHDOJXQVDQLPDLVPDULQKRVDGDROKRFRPSRVWRpIRUPDGR SRUSHTXHQDVIDFHWDVUHFHSWRUDVGHOX]FKDPDGDVRPDWtGLRV 44XDOpRSULQFLSLRGHIXQFLRQDPHQWRGHXPROKRFRPSRVWR5DGD RPDWtGLRFDSWDXPDLPDJHPGLPLQXWDGRFDPSRYLVXDODVXDIUHQWHTXHp WUDQVPLWLGDDWUDYpVGHÀEUDVQHUYRVDVDWpRFpUHEURRQGHIRUPDMXQWDPHQWH FRPDVLPDJHQVGRVRXWURVRPDWtGLRVXPPRVDLFRTXHpDLPDJHPJOREDO 42TXHpXPGLVSRVLWLYRGLySWULFR(TXDODVXDIXQomR 42TXHpUHIUDomR5eDPXGDQoDGHGLUHomRGDOX]TXDQGRHVWD atravessa meios com índices de refração diferentes. 42TXHpXPUDEGRPD(TXDODVXDIXQomR 42TXHpDFXLGDGHYLVXDO5$DFXLGDGHYLVXDOVLJQLÀFDDFDSDFLGDGH TXHRROKRSRVVXLSDUDGLVWLQJXLUGRLVREMHWRVPXLWRSUy[LPRVFRPRGXDV HQWLGDGHVGLVWLQWDVHPYH]GHXPDVy 42TXHpOX]SRODUL]DGD5/X]SRODUL]DGDVLJQLÀFDTXHRYHWRUFDPSR elétrico E ȺGDRQGDHOHWURPDJQpWLFDYLEUDHPXPD~QLFDGLUHomR 42TXHVLJQLÀFD3RODUL]DUXPDRQGDOXPLQRVD53RODUL]DUXPDRQGD OXPLQRVDVLJQLÀFDFRQVHJXLUREWHUYLEUDo}HVGRYHWRUFDPSRHOpWULFR(Ⱥ numa única direção. 42TXHGHWHUPLQDDFRUGHXPREMHWR5$FRUGHXPREMHWRpGHWHU- PLQDGDSHODFRPSRVLomRGDOX]SRUHOHUHÁHWLGD 44XDOpDIDL[DGHUDGLDomRHOHWURPDJQpWLFDSHUFHSWtYHOSHORVVHUHV KXPDQRV5'DOX]YHUPHOKDDRYLROHWD 4RPRRVIHOLQRVFRQVHJXHPHQ[HUJDUQRHVFXUR51DHVFXULGmR WRWDOHOHVQmRYHHPTXDVHQDGDPDVVmRFDSD]HVGHHQ[HUJDUFRPPXLWR SRXFDOX]RHTXLYDOHQWHDDOJRHQWUHHDPDLVTXHQyVKXPD- QRV+iPDLVGHXPDUD]mRSDUDLVVR$SULPHLUDpTXHVHXVROKRVWrP XPDHVWUXWXUDUHÁHWRUDFKDPDGDUHJLmRWDSHWDOTXHSURYRFDXPDGXSOD HVWLPXODomRGRVUHFHSWRUHVUHVSRQViYHLVSHODSHUFHSomRGHFRUHVHIRU- PDVRVFRQHVHEDVWRQHWHVTXHRVIHOLQRVDLQGDSRUFLPDWrPWUrVYH]HV
- 67. 202 Instrumentação para o Ensino de Física IV PDLVTXHRVKXPDQRV
- 69. $OpPGLVVRDSXSLODGRJDWRGLODWDWUrVYH]HVPDLVTXHD KXPDQDSHUPLWLQGRDHQWUDGDPi[LPDGHOX]EHPQRVPRPHQWRVHPTXH HVVHVDQLPDLVVDHPjFDoDDXURUDHFUHS~VFXOR(PFRPSHQVDomRTXDQGR H[SRVWDDRVRODSXSLODVHUHGX]DXPDIHQGDPtQLPDFRQWUDEDODQoDQGR HVVDKLSHUVHQVLELOLGDGHjOX]$VVLPGXUDQWHRGLDDYLVmRGRVJDWRVQmRp WmRERDTXDQWRjGHVHXVGRQRV(OHVGLVWLQJXHPPDODVFRUHVHQmRHQ[- HUJDPEHPGHORQJH 4RPRIXQFLRQDDYLVmRGRVFmHV58PDG~YLGDFRPXPpVHRFmR HQ[HUJDHPFRUHVRXHPSUHWRHEUDQFRQDYHUGDGHpTXHHOHVWrPDFDSD- FLGDGHGHHQ[HUJDUFRUHVPDVQmRGDPHVPDPDQHLUDTXHQyV3DUDRVFmHV DVFRUHVYHUGHDPDUHORODUDQMDHYHUPHOKRQmRWrPGLIHUHQoDQHQKXPDe XPDHVSpFLHGHGDOWRQLVPRSDUDHVWDVFRUHV0DVRFmRFRQVHJXHGLIHUHQFLDU DVFRUHVYLROHWDD]XOHYHUGH 0XLWRVHVWXGLRVRVFUHHPTXHRFmRHQ[HUJDXPWRPGHDPDUHORTXDQGR ROKDSDUDDVFRUHVYHUPHOKRYHUGHHDPDUHODHVHULDH[DWDPHQWHSRULVVR TXHHOHQmRFRQVHJXLULDGLIHUHQFLiOD (PUHVXPRRVFmHVHQ[HUJDPFRUHVPDVFRPPHQRVPDWL]HVHPHQRV SUHFLVmRTXHQyVTXHFRQVHJXLPRVGLIHUHQFLDUFHUFDGHPLOK}HVGHFRUHV e combinações diferentes. 3RURXWURODGRHOHVWrPDFDSDFLGDGHGHSHUFHEHUWDQWRVWRQVGHFLQ]D TXHpTXDVHLPSRVVtYHOWHVWDUFRPSOHWDPHQWHHVWHWDOHQWRHPIXQomRGH QRVVDVSUySULDVOLPLWDo}HV$H[SOLFDomRPDLVDFHLWDSDUDHVWHIHQ{PHQR pTXHRVFDQtGHRVDQWLJRVDQWHSDVVDGRVGHQRVVRVFmHVHUDPFDoDGRUHV QRWXUQRVHDGLIHUHQFLDomRGRVWRQVGHFLQ]DHUDPXLWRPDLVLPSRUWDQWH TXHDYLVmRGDVFRUHV (FRPRWRGRVRVSUHGDGRUHVRVFmHVLGHQWLÀFDPUDSLGDPHQWHREMHWRV HPPRYLPHQWR,VVRHUDIXQGDPHQWDOSDUDVHXERPGHVHPSHQKRQDFDoD $LQGDKRMHH[LVWHPQXPHURVDVUDoDVTXH´FDoDPFRPDYLVmRµFRPRRV JDOJRVZKLSSHWVHTXDVHWRGDVDVOHEUHV(VWHpXPIDWRUGRVPDLVGHVHQ- YROYLGRVQDYLVmRFDQLQDSRGHQGRHPFDPSRDEHUWRGLVWLQJXLUREMHWRV GRWDPDQKRGHXPJDWRHPPRYLPHQWRDTXDVHP3RURXWURODGR SRGHPGHPRUDUDHQ[HUJDUXPREMHWRSDUDGRTXHYRFrWHQWDPRVWUDUD PHWURGHGLVWkQFLD3RULVVRpPDLVIiFLOFKDPDUDDWHQomRGHVHXDPLJR com movimentos e sinais. 3RUWDQWRSRGHPRVDÀUPDUTXHRVFmHVQmRHQ[HUJDPPHOKRURXSLRU TXHQyVDSHQDVRID]HPGHXPDIRUPDGLIHUHQWH 4²2TXHpLOXVmRGHySWLFD5$LOXVmRGHyWLFDRFRUUHSRLVDLQIRU- PDomRTXHYHPGRVQRVVRVROKRVWHPGHVHUSURFHVVDGDSHORFpUHEURSDUD FRUUHODFLRQDUPRVRTXHYHPRVFRPRPXQGRTXHQRVFHUFD2TXHDFRQWHFH QRUPDOPHQWHpTXHWDQWRDFDSWDomRGDOX]TXDQWRRVHXSURFHVVDPHQWR
- 70. 203 A Percepção das cores Aula 9 QmRVmRSHUIHLWRV$GLVSDULGDGHHQWUHRSHUFHELGRHRUHDOpFKDPDGDGH ilusão de óptica. COMENTÁRIO SOBRE AS ATIVIDADES 2VH[SHULPHQWRVDVVLPFRPRRVDSSOHWVVXJHULGRVVmRGHIiFLO H[HFXomRLOXVWUDPHHQULTXHFHPEHPRVFRQFHLWRVDERUGDGRV$V YtGHRDXODVHVWmREHPSUHSDUDGDVHPHVPRVDVPDLVVLPSOHVDMXGDP RVHVWXGDQWHVDUHID]HUHPRVH[SHULPHQWRVGHEDL[RFXVWR REFERÊNCIA $80217-,Q$,PDJHP6mR3DXOR(G3DSLUXV %$/'209H+DGGDG+DPLOWRQ,QIlusões: o olho mágico da percepção5HYLVWD%UDVLOHLUDGH3VLTXLDWULD683,,
- 71. %,$6+DUOH($,QFisiologia da visão binocular.$UTXLYR%UDVLOHLUR GH2IWDOPRORJLD 2(/+2/$)LVLRORJLDGD9LVmRUm estudo sobre o “ver” e o “enxer- gar”/DERP385,2'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSZZZXVHUVUGFSXFULREU LPDJRVLWHVHPLRWLFDSURGXFDRUDPRVÀQDOSGI!$FHVVRHP 5$5-RQDWKDQ,QTechniques of the ObserverDPEULGJH0,7 3UHVV )$5,$(6286$6-,QO sistema visual e o cérebro,Q$QDLV5HVX- PRV;;5HXQLmR$QXDOGH3VLFRORJLD5LEHLUmR3UHWRS 0$521'(6$UWRQHVDU6$5,(*2-RVpDUORVCiências: química e física - 1º Grau6mR3DXOR6FLSLRQH 0$548(6*0(//2/XL]$GROIR0DWHULDOSURGX]LGRSDUDRH ItVLFD1mRGLVSRQLELOL]DGRDLQGD 1(:721,VDDF
- 73. 2.812(PLQLR$/'$6,EHUrH+2:HOLOFísica para ciências biológicas e biomédicas6mR3DXOR+DUSHU 5RZGR%UDVLOSiJV D
- 74. 1ž81,32IH 3(17($'23DXORHVDU07255(6DUORV0DJQR$Física - ciência e tecnologia6mR3DXOR0RGHUQD9RO 81(63([SHULPHQWRVGHItVLFDSDUDRHQVLQRPpGLRHIXQGDPHQWDOFRP PDWHULDLVGRGLDDGLD'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSZZZIFXQHVSEUH[SHUL- PHQWRVGHÀVLFD!$FHVVRHP :,.,3(',$'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSZZZFDORSVLWDUFRPEU YLVDRGDVDYHVKWPO$FHVVRHP