Francesca Chu gives a vivid story of ancient China Qin history and her own study of Qin's agriculture laws. Francesca was a 5th grade student in Foothill Elementary, Saratoga CA. And she gave the presentation in 2011 Student to Student Conference in University of California, Santa Cruz.

1. A
Bit
of
the
Amazing Qin
Empire
Francesca
Chu
5th
Grade
Foothill
Elementary,
Saratoga
CA

2. This
ancient
state
in
China
made
these
famous
achievements
…

3. The
Great
Wall
of
China

4. The
Terra-­‐CoCa
Army

5. A
MulEplicaEon
Table
Circa
221-­‐206
BC
InsEtute
of
Archeology,
Hunan
China

6. A
County
–
where
the
King
can
rule
directly

7. A
Nuclear
Family

8. An
Environmental
Law
“In
February,
it
is
unlawful
to
log
in
the
forest,
unlawful
to
block
streams.
Before
summer,
it
is
unlawful
to
burn
grass
for
ferElizer,
or
collect
newly
budding
plants,
or
hunEng
young
animals,
or
collecEng
animal
eggs,
or
poisoning
fish
or
turtles…
This
ban
is
in
force
unEl
Qin
Agriculture
Law
July.”
Dated
306
BC
Discovered
in
1975

9. My
story
begins
a
long
long
Eme
ago,
in
a
place
far
far
away
…

10. Where?

11. Qin
circa
360
BC
Qin
was
Small,
Remote,
&
Backward.
How
was
life
like?

12. This
painEng
shows
the
King
si`ng
on
a
mat,
and
a
nobleman
showing
him
a
map
on
a
table

13. A
Chariot
with
four
horses

14. Ox
Drawn
Iron
Plow

15. Everything
Changesd
when
the
Duke
Hired
Lord
Shang
Yang

16. Lord
Shang
Yang’s
Reforms
The
lords
and
commoners
must
follow
the
same
laws.

17. Lord
Shang
Yang’s
Reforms
The
laws
are
wriCen
and
applied
strictly.

18. Lord
Shang
Yang’s
Reforms
Created
Prefectures
and
CounEes
for
the
Duke
to
rule
the
state
directly.

19. Lord
Shang
Yang’s
Reforms
Standardized
Measurements
&
Money
for
Tax
and
Commerce.

20. Lord
Shang
Yang’s
Reforms
Farms
are
standardized.
Adult
children
must
have
their
own
fields
and
pay
their
own
taxes.

21. But
How
Do
We
Know
All
This?

22. Here
is
How
History
My
own
Archeology
study

23. History
The
Grand
Historian
Sima
Qian
was
born
in
145
BC.
His
“Records
of
History”
has
130
volumes,
and
was
wriCen
from
109
–
91
BC.

24. History
“Records
of
History”
Volume
68,
Chapter
8
is
“History
of
Lord
Shang
Yang”

25. Archeology
Discovered
in
1980,
these
plates
are
dated
309
BC.
They
record
Lord
Shang
Yang’s
Law
of
Agriculture.

26. Archeology
Harvest
scene
set
on
a
grid
of
irrigaEon
channels.
Mulberry
trees
were
planted
on
the
field’s
edge.

27. And
I
thought
I
could
invesEgate
this
a
bit
on
my
own
…

28. See,
in
this
arEfact
Archeologists
translated:
-­‐ 1
yard
=
6
foot
-­‐ 1
acre
=
1
yard
x
240
yard
-­‐ 1
hectare
=
100
acre
=
1
family
lot
-­‐ North-­‐south
roads
are
called
Qian
-­‐ East-­‐west
roads
are
called
Mo
-­‐ 1
foot
=
23.1
cm
=
0.758
English
foot

29. My
ReconstrucEon
of
a
Family
Lot

30. If
Qin
Laws
were
so
strictly
followed,
would
you
expect
some
of
these
fields
sEll
be
seen
today?

31. Here
is
How
I
Am
Going
to
Find
Out
Step
1:
Locate
the
area
in
Google
Earth
Step
2:
Randomly
choose
10
regions
Step
3:
From
each
region
choose
10
lots
Step
4:
Calibrate
Google
Earth
Ruler
Step
5:
Using
the
ruler,
measure
horizontal
and
verEcal
length
of
each
chosen
lot
Step
6:
Convert
to
Qin
measurement
units
Step
7:
StaEsEcal
analysis

32. Step
1:
Locate
the
Area
Yellow
River
Qin
Capital
Future
Imperial
Wei
River
Capital

33. Step
2:
Select
10
Regions

34. Step
3:
Select
10
Lots
per
Region

35. Step
4:
Calibrate
the
Ruler

36. Step
5,
6:
Measuring
&
ConverEng

37. Step
7:
StaEsEcal
Analysis
Mean
=
241.18,
Margin
of
Error
=
3.89
Confidence
level
=
95%

38. Step
7:
StaEsEcal
Analysis
Mean
=
95.6,
Margin
of
Error
=
1.49
Confidence
level
=
95%

39. Can
these
fields
2,300
years
later
just
by
accident
match
so
well
with
the
archeological
and
historical
records?
NO
WAY!

40. The
Rest
is
History

41. QuesEon:
What
is
Qin?

42. In
2010
AD,
according
to
the
World
Bank,
1,338,299,512
people
call
themselves
Chinese
(Qin-­‐>Chin-­‐>China-­‐>Chinese).

43. QuesEons
?