human resource information system

2. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
 Information Technology is the application of
computers and techniques to restore retrieve and
manipulate data often within an organization.

4. DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
 A DBMS is a set of software applications (i.e., computer
programs) combined with a database. These systems
allow organizations to effectively manage data
electronically.
 Managing data means:
 Identifying the data needed to create information that is
necessary to make HR decisions.
 Defining the characteristics of that data (e.g., number vs.
character data).
 Organizing those data in a manner that promotes data quality
and accessibility.
 Restrict access to the data to the personnel.

6. Database Applications
 Banking: all transactions
 Airlines: reservations, schedules
 Universities: registration, grades
 Sales: customers, products, purchases
 Online retailers: order tracking, customized
recommendations
 Manufacturing: production, inventory, orders, supply
chain
 Human resources: employee records, salaries, tax
deductions

7. Components of a DBMS
A DBMS is a sophisticated piece of system software
consisting of multiple integrated components that deliver a
consistent, managed environment for creating, accessing
and modifying data in databases.

8. Components of a DBMS
 Storage engine
 This basic element of a DBMS is used to store data. The
DBMS must interface with a file system at the operating
system (OS) level to store data.
 Metadata catalog
 Sometimes called a system catalog or database
dictionary, a metadata catalog functions as a repository
for all the database objects that have been created.
 Database access language
 The DBMS also must provide an API to access the data,
typically in the form of a database access language to
access and modify data but may also be used to create
database objects and secure and authorize access to the
data. SQL is an example of a database access language
and encompasses several sets of commands.

9. Components of a DBMS
 Optimization engine
 A DBMS may also provide an optimization engine, which is used
to parse database access language requests and turn them into
actionable commands for accessing and modifying data.
 Query processor
 After a query is optimized, the DBMS must provide a means for
running the query and returning the results.
 Lock manager
 This crucial component of the DBMS manages concurrent access
to the same data. Locks are required to ensure multiple users
aren't trying to modify the same data simultaneously.

10. Components of a DBMS
 Log manager
 The DBMS records all changes made to data managed by the
DBMS. The record of changes is known as the log, and the log
manager component of the DBMS is used to ensure that log
records are made efficiently and accurately. The DBMS uses the
log manager during shutdown and startup to ensure data integrity,
and it interfaces with database utilities to create backups and run
recoveries.
 Data utilities
 A DBMS also provides a set of utilities for managing and
controlling database activities. Examples of database utilities
include reorganization, run stats, backup and copy, recover,
integrity check, load data, unload data and repair database.

11. Types and Examples of DBMS
technologies
 RDBMS
 NoSQL DBMS
 NewSQL DBMS
 in-memory DBMS
 columnar DBMS
 multimodel DBMS
 cloud DBMS

12. Types and Examples of DBMS
technologies
 RDBMS:
 A relational database management system (RDBMS) is a collection of
programs and capabilities that enable IT teams.
 NoSQL DBMS:
 Well-suited for loosely defined data structures that may evolve over
time, NoSQL DBMS may require more application involvement for schema
management. There are four types of NoSQL database systems: document
databases, graph databases, key-value stores and wide-column stores.
 Document databases store semi-structured data and descriptions of that
data in document format, usually JavaScript Object Notation (JSON).
 Graph databases organize data as nodes and relationships instead of tables
or documents. Because it stores the relationship between nodes, the graph
system can support richer representations of data relationships.
 Key-value stores are based on a simple data model that pairs a unique key
with an associated value.
 Wide-column stores use the familiar tables, columns and rows of relational
database systems, but column names and formatting can differ from row to
row in a single table. Each column is also stored separately on disk.

13. Types and Examples of DBMS
technologies
 NewSQL:
 A NewSQL DBMS is engineered as a relational, SQL database
system with a distributed, fault-tolerant architecture. NewSQL
systems also provide ACID (atomicity, consistency, isolation and
durability) support for data consistency.
 IMDBMS:
 An in-memory database management system predominantly relies
on main memory for data storage, management and manipulation.
 CDBMS:
 A columnar database management system stores data in tables
focused on columns instead of rows, resulting in more efficient
data access when only a subset of columns is required.

14. Types and Examples of DBMS
technologies
 Multimodel DBMS:
 This system supports more than one database model. Users
can choose the model most appropriate for their application
requirements without having to switch to a different DBMS.
 Cloud DBMS:
 Built in and accessed through the cloud, the DBMS may be
any type (relational, NoSQL, etc.) and a conventional
system that's deployed and managed by a user organization
or a managed service provided by the database vendor.

15. Benefits of using a DBMS
 Data abstraction and independence;
 Data security;
 A locking mechanism for concurrent access;
 An efficient handler to balance the needs of multiple
applications using the same data;
 The ability to swiftly recover from crashes and errors;
 Strong data integrity capabilities;
 Logging and auditing of activity;
 Simple access using a standard API;
 Uniform administration procedures for data.

16.  HRIS (human resources information system) is a type
of business application that enables companies to
store employee information, manage common HR
functions, and execute critical HR activities such as
processing payroll and administering benefits.
HR APPLICATIONS

17.  Core HR
 Core HR provides software features for overseeing the
operations HR departments traditionally managed.
These functions include personnel tracking, payroll
processing and benefits administration.
 Employee database
 Benefits administration
 Employee self-service portal
 Payroll management
HR APPLICATIONS

18.  Workforce Management
 Workforce management (WFM) adds another layer to
core capabilities. It revolves around supporting the daily
aspects of managing your employees.
 Scheduling
 Employee attendance
 PTO tracking(paid time off)
 Compliance management(fulfillment)
 Employee performance
HR APPLICATIONS

19.  Strategic HR
 It provides the ability to develop and execute key
strategies that promote the long-term welfare of your
business.
 Applicant tracking system
 Onboarding
 Learning management system (LMS)
 Analytics
HR APPLICATIONS

21.  Microsoft Access is a Database Management System
offered by Microsoft. It uses the Microsoft Jet Database
Engine and comes as a part of the Microsoft Office
suite of application.
 Microsoft Access offers the functionality of a database
and the programming capabilities to create easy to
navigate screens (forms). It helps you analyze large
amounts of information, and manage data efficiently.
MICROSOFT ACCESS

22.  There are two ways to Start MS Access.
 From Windows, ‘Start’ button.
 From Desktop, Right Click> ‘New’ option.
 Option 1) From Windows, Start button.
 Step 1) Click on the ‘Windows’ icon.
 You will find the list of installed programs.
 Step 2) Find Access icon.
 Check and click on Access Icon.
How to Start Microsoft Access

23. How to Start Microsoft Access

24.  Step 3) Check the window.
 MS Access Application window will appear.
How to Start Microsoft Access

25.  Steps 4) Press ‘Esc’.
 Result: This will open the MS Access windows
application.
How to Start Microsoft Access

26.  Option 2) From Desktop, ‘New’ option.
 Step 1) Right Click from Desktop and Click ‘New’
 Step 2) Click on ‘Microsoft Access Database Option’
How to Start Microsoft Access

27.  Step 3) Below MS Access Application window will
appear
How to Start Microsoft Access

28.  Step 4) Press ‘Esc’
 Result: This will open the MS Access windows
application
How to Start Microsoft Access

29.  Before we create a Database, lets quickly understand the
holistic picture of what Database is, with particular reference to
MS Access.
 Let’s, start with a few real-life Microsoft Access databases
example:
 We have Bookcase where Books resides,
 We have i-pods where we have a collection of music & cases
are countless.
 Similarly, we have MS Access Database is a kind of home for
all your Tables, Queries, Forms, Reports, etc. in MS Access
which are interlinked.
 Technically, Database store the data in a well-organized manner
for easy access and retrieval.
How to Create a Database

31.  There are two ways to create Database in SQL Access:
 Create Database from Template
 Create a Blank Database
 Create Database from Template
 There are many situations where we need to start with
some readymade database template for given
requirements.
 MS Access provides many ready to use templates for
such types of databases requirements where the data
structure is already defined.
 You can keep customizing the template structure further
as per our requirement.
 MS Access Databases example includes Contacts,
Student, Time tracking, etc.

32.  Step 1) With MS Access application open, Click on
File.
Steps to create Database from
Template

33.  Result: The below window will appear. All
the Database templates are displayed below.
Steps to create Database from
Template

34.  Step 2) We can select any template by clicking on it.
Click on Contact Template for further reverence.
Steps to create Database from
Template

35.  Step 3) File name box will appear with the default file
name.
Steps to create Database from
Template

36.  Step 4) Enter the new Name.
Steps to create Database from
Template

37.  Step 5) Click on ‘Create.’

Steps to create Database from
Template

38.  Result: Guru99_Contact Database created and below
window will appear.
Steps to create Database from
Template

39.  Step 6) Optionally, you can click on any of the objects
from left navigation pane and open that object for
further references and work.
 For, E.g., Clicking on ‘Contact Detail’ form will open
‘Contact Detail’ form as displayed below.
Steps to create Database from
Template

41.  Access offers a fully functional, relational database management system
in minutes.
 Easy to import data from multiple sources into Access
 You can easily customize Access according to personal and company
needs
 Microsoft Access online works well with many of the development
languages that work on Windows OS
 It is robust and flexible, and it can perform any challenging office or
industrial database tasks.
 MS-Access allows you to link to data in its existing location and use it
for viewing, updating, querying, and reporting.
 Allows you to create tables, queries, forms, and reports, and connect
with the help of Macros
 Macros in Access is a simple programming construct with which you
can use to add functionality to your database.
 Microsoft Access online can perform heterogeneous joins between
various data sets stored across different platforms
Advantages of MS Access

42.  Microsoft Access database is useful for small-to-medium
business sectors. However, it is not useful for large-sized
organizations
 Lacks robustness compared to dbms systems like MS SQL
Server or Oracle
 All the information from your database is saved into one
file. This can slow down reports, queries, and forms
 Technical limit is 255 concurrent users. However, the real-
world limit is only 10 to 80 (depending on the type of
application which you are using)
 It requires a lot more learning and training compares with
other Microsoft programs
Disadvantages of MS Access

43. INTERFACE BETWEEN HR AND
TECHNOLOGY
 Technology driven automation (IT) and the redesign
of work process help in reduce cost and cycle times as
well improve the quality
 IT is only a tool and the messenger with technology it
may decrease the time required for administrative
tasks,
 HR departments will begin to allocate resource to
more complex, strategic and transformative activities.
 System act as building block and effective aid in the
process

44. E-HRM and HRIS
 Electronic HR (e-HR) A form of technology that
enables HR professionals to integrate an organization’s
HR strategies, processes, and human capital to
improve overall HR service delivery.
 HRIS is a set of inter related components working
together to collect, process and store information to
support HR decision making, coordination and control
in an Organization.