A presentation that gives a very basic idea on types of fruits. With Examples of each type given one can now have an understanding on how the distinction works.

1. FRUITS

2. Color
Mainly due to phytochemicals
Phyto means “plant”.
These plant pigments have antioxidant
properties. More richly hued the more
antioxidants it contains.
Texture
Texture is derived from turgor pressure
and composition of individual plant cell
walls and the middle lamella “glue” that
holds individual cell together.
Season
Produce grown in their ideal season will
have more nutrients, they are at the
peak of freshness.

3.  Drupes
A type of fleshy and juicy fruit containing a large seed.
 Berries
Small Juicy fruits with a seed.
 Pomes
These are Hard Flesh fruits with small seed in them.
 Hesperidia (Citrus Fruits)
These have thick tangy rind and sectioned pulp inside.
 Pepo
These have multiple seeds throughout the flesh or grouped
together at the centre.
TYPES

4. EXAMPLES
Drupes
• Peach
• Cherry
• Apricot
• Blackberries
• Raspberries
• Plums
• Mangoes
• Dates
• Papaya
Berries
• Strawberry
• Raspberry
• Gooseberries
• Cranberries
Pomes
• Apple
• Pear
• Whitebeam
• Rowan
Hesperidia
• Orange
• Lemon
• Lime
• Grapefruit
• Yuzu
• Kumquats
• Pomelo
• Bergamot
Pepos
• Cucumbers
• Pumpkin
• Squash
• Eggplant
• Muskmelon
• Watermelon
• Cantaloupe melon
• Honeydew

5. DRUPE (STONE FRUITS)
 Freestone : Refers to a drupe having a stone which can be removed from the flesh with ease.
The flesh is not attached to the stone and does not need to be cut to free the stone.
varieties of fruits are preferred for uses that require careful removal of the stone, especially if
removal will be done by hand.
 Clingstone : Refers to a drupe having a stone which cannot easily be removed from the flesh.
The flesh is attached strongly to the stone and must be cut to free the stone. Clingstone
varieties of fruits in the genus Prunus are preferred as table fruit and for jams, because the
of clingstone fruits tends to be more tender and juicy throughout.
 Tryma : Nut-like drupes that are difficult to categorize.
Hickory nuts (Carya) and walnuts (Juglans) in the Juglandaceae family grow within an outer
husk.

6. BERRY
SMALL PULPY FRUITS WITH SEEDS
 In botanical terminology, a berry is a simple fruit with seeds and pulp.
 It is fleshy throughout, except for the seeds.
 It does not have a special "line of weakness" along which it splits to release the seeds when ripe.
The differences between the everyday and botanical uses of "berry" results in three categories:
Those fruits that are
berries under both
definitions
Those parts of plants
commonly known as berries
that are not botanical berries,
and may not even be fruits.
Those fruits that are botanical
berries but not commonly
known as berries

7. POMES
HARD FLESH FRUITS WITH SEEDS
 The fruits that are classified as pomes have a relatively hard flesh that surrounds a core containing
seeds.
 The fruits in the pomes category are extremely popular. For example, apples and pears are in the pome
fruit list.
 The French word for apple, pome, actually comes from the Latin pomum that originally meant fruit.
 The characteristic feature of the pome variety of fruits is their central core. The endocarp, which is the
innermost layer which surrounds a seed, can have a leathery or stony texture.
 Some pomes may have a mealy texture (e.g., some apples)
 Others (e.g., Amelanchier, Aronia) are berry-like with juicy flesh and a core that is not very noticeable.

8. HESPERIDIA (CITRUS FRUIT)
TANGY FRUITS WITH SECTIONED PULP
 These are modified berry with a tough, leathery rind.
 Come in various colors from green to yellow to orange. In the botanical term, citrus fruits are a variety of
berry (modified berry).
 The peel contains volatile oil glands in pits. The fleshy interior is composed of separate sections, called
carpels, filled with fluid-filled vesicles that are specialized hair cells.
 The outermost, pigmented layer of rind contains essential oils and is known as the flavedo. When scraped
off and used as a culinary ingredient it is called zest.
 A confection called succade can also be produced by candying the inner rind (known as pith or albedo) of
the citron or lemon.
 All kinds of citrus fruits have many benefits due to their high levels of vitamin C.
 Citrus fruits are used to make food, beverages, and cosmetics, as well as essential oils and spices.
 Varieties of citrus fruits help treat inflammatory conditions, protect cardiovascular health, kill off free
radical scavengers, and have anticancer properties.

9. PEPO
 Pepo fruit types are generally relatively large fleshy fruits that have multiple seeds throughout the flesh or
grouped together in the center. For example, watermelon is a type of fruit that is classified as pepo fruit.
 The difference between pepo fruits (berries) and hesperidium fruits (citrus fruits) is the fact that the flesh isn’t
segmented.
 The difference between pepo fruits (berries) and hesperidium fruits (citrus fruits) is the fact that the flesh isn’t
segmented.
 The sweetest varieties of pepos that we associate with fruits are melons and watermelons.
 Melons come in all shapes and sizes ranging from large to smaller with various skin color such as cantaloupes
with their wiry greenish skin.
MULITIPLE SEED GROUPED AT CENTER OF HARD FLESH

10. TROPICAL FRUITS
 Tropical fruit category contains exotic fruits such as dragon
fruit, rambutan, lychees, and passion fruit.
 Varieties of plants that produce tropical fruits grow around
the equator and include countries in the Caribbean, the
north part of South America, Central Africa, Asia, and islands
in the Pacific Ocean.
 Examples of tropical fruits include papaya and mangoes
which are drupes, pineapples which are actually a collection
of berries that have fused together, and guabana (soursop)
which technically is a kind of berry.
Tropical fruits are not
botanically classified as a type
of fruits

11. REFERENCES
 https://leafyplace.com/types-of-fruits/
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berry_(botany)#Modified_berries
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hesperidium
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pome

12. THANK YOU
HOPE IT HELPED