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What Is The Meaning Of The Grauballe Man By Seamus Heaney
The Grauballe Man, a literary composition from North by Seamus Heaney, meticulously scrutinizes the iconic 'bog body' on display and presents his
response towards the violence and chaos revealed in the piece of artifact. The level of detail provided by the poet is very intricate, almost as if he is
venerating the bog queen. Throughout the poem, Heaney uses various literally devices to create vivid images, as well as expressing his distinction
between the dead and alive. He uniformly alters the context of the poem through noun phrases and striking terminology. The notions of a man's
barbaric actions, expressed within the poem are then associated with the contemporary events happening between the borders of Northern Ireland and
the South of England.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"The chin is a visor raised above the vent" provides an image of a knight's visor and is used to describe the unnatural shape of the head caused by a
vicious action. The hair of the Grauballe Man is described as 'rusted', the same rust which appears on ancient metal weapons. 'Slashed' is also used
to describe the throat and could refer to the slashing of swords. These medieval imagery refers to a period whereby knights were forced to fight and
protect their lord's kingdom from invasions of the barbarians. It is also the period of the crusades, another sectarian war between two major religions,
Christianity and Islam. The poet proceeds to admire and complement the bog body by comparing it to the Dying Gaul, an ancient Roman statue. The
piece of art, reminiscent to the pose of the Grauballe man, is a dignified sculpture of a mortally wounded Gallic warrior regarded by the Romans as a
barbarian but portrayed as a 'noble savage'. Heaney uses this image of a heroic death at the hands of imperialists to emphasize the brutal political
reality. Through the lines 'hung in the scales', Heaney refers to another Roman statue, Lady Justice. The roman goddess is an allegorical
personification of the moral force in judicial systems. The forces weighed in this case refers to the beauty of the visual artworks versus the victims of
atrocity caused by the sectarian conflict. Any balance in favor of
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The Peat Fields Of Northwestern Europe
The peat fields of northwestern Europe are nothing particularly exciting on first inspection. Appearing as empty field, though sometimes lined with
strange brown blocks stacked or piled. These blocks are pieces of peat carved from the ground used as a traditional source of energy. However, these
peat blocks are perhaps slightly less interesting than the other commodity the peat bogs have to offer; incredibly well preserved mummies or bog
bodies. The peat bogs provide the perfect combination of sphagnum moss and a lack of oxygen allow for the preservations of bodies from as far
back as 8000 BCE. Some are only skeletons, but many of the more famous bog bodies are incredibly well preserved. Many bodies found are from
the Iron Age and provide valuable information on an era that lacks written records. These mummies are significant as they offer a view into the lives
of man thousands of years in the past. They provide evidence in to previously misunderstood events and people. They allow for a first person
postmortem accounts of peoples lives, cultures and deaths. Through new scientific methods bodies discovered centuries can be reexamined and
allowing archaeologist and anthropologist to fill in the gaps and tell these peoples full stories. The oldest recorded discovery of a bog body dates back to
1640. A body was discovered in Holstein, Germany. Though very little information is known about this first discovery other bodies found through out
the 18th have been further
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Life : The Importance Of Life In The World
According to Webster's dictionary, life is "the quality that distinguishes a vital and functional being from a dead body; a principle or force that is
considered to underlie the distinctive quality of animate beings."
Well that about says it all, right? After all, don't you consider yourself not to be a deadbody? I know I do. Can't I walk, breathe, think and eat? No dead
body can do that. But I imagine that there is far more to life than that. It all comes down to why are we here? Regardless of your religious beliefs,
you must have wondered about your place in the cosmos. How you got here is another topic. Why you were given life is this topic.
It began in the womb. A life force entered your fetus and thus began your life. You emerged as a baby with all that was required to begin your journey.
Your environment, parents, and circumstance controlled your future. Whether it began in a small African village or a mansion in New York, you were
placed and deposited into a life that you eventually could control. Free–will gave you the ability to make decisions and move forward. Each choice
determined your fate and what you would become. Exterior events would shape and mold these turning points. But ultimately, you would die and pass
on to another place. These latter facts are unchangeable and cannot be denied.
So let's look at your life from several aspects. As you read this article, you are nodding in agreement but are you comprehending what it means? What
is your purpose on
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The Peat Extraction From The Bog
From the results presented it is a clear indicator that human activity is having a profound effect on Monivea Bog. The peat extraction from the bog is
having a dramatic effect on the natural environment. The digitizing of the bog using GIS 10.3 was a simplistic method that visually provides how much
peat is being extracted from the Bog. The reasons behind the extraction was pointed out by Cruickshank et al, 1995, suggesting that peat extraction is
part of an Irish culture which humans use the peat as fuel and horticulture. The peat extraction evidently has an impact on the carbon content & loss,
hydrochemistry, peat depth, geology and vegetation as pointed out in the results.
The conductivity results for Monivea Bog shows that there is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
From the results there is an interaction between hydrology, vegetation and depth. The lower depths had a lack of vegetation, less surface water and
high levels of conductivity. This suggests that vegetation is unable to deal with living at low depths on the bog and this is due to four factors. Firstly,
the high conductivity suggests that the water is toxic for the sphagnum mosses to survive. The nutrient cycle is highly disturbed and there is no oxygen
available for sphagnum mosses to grow.
It was interesting to identify that there was no open lake in the bog in 1867, it is not known how this open lake has developed on the west side of
the bog. It is almost impossible to observe or analysis the development of open water pools (Belyea & Lancaster, 2002). However, for this study,
from the analysis of the geological profile and depths it is predicated that the pool was formed from subsidence of drainage and peat extraction. As
Zanello et al (2011) points out that subsidence depends on how the water table is managed on the site. In Monivea Bog the water table was lowered
to dry up the peat so it can be extracted by humans. Furthermore, Zanello et al (2011) also suggests that subsidence is driven by bio–chemical
oxidation of the organic fraction in peat. The predicted subsided open water pool in Monivea Bog due support the sphagnum mosses. However, the
water table being significantly below has caused reduced growth, desiccation and high mortality rates of
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Analysis Of Seamus Heaney 's ' The Wind 's On Her Naked...
In lines one, two, and three of "Punishment," Seamus Heaney wrote "I can feel the tug; of the halter at the nape; of the neck." These three lines of
the poem must be read together to understand that Heaney is basically describing how one is handcuffed and took to jail for committing a certain
crime. Heaney then in lines three and four wrote "the wind; on her naked front." These lines portray that after one is in jail, they must then be
ashamed in front of their peers for their action. This humiliation would be in the form of a jury that would be determining if one is guilty or not guilty.
Heaney uses imagery in this stanza to help readers envision these events in a different light. For example, in lines one through three, Heaney is... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Once again, Heaney created this stanza to provide information on the woman's body, but one starts to realize that modern day punishment is just as
harsh as primitive punishment, just in a different form. At the end of the stanza, Heaney uses a period to show the changing of events. Here, he is
describing that once one is humiliated, they are then stripped of their life.
Stanza Three Stanza three starts to show that the crimes one commits also starts to fade them into distant memories along with the others who create
punishable acts. Seamus Heaney wrote in lines one and two, "I can see her drowned; body in the bog." When read together, these lines start to show
that once one is stripped of their life, in jail, they are just another part of a lifeless society, and start to fade into distant memory. Heaney uses
imagery to describe a lifeless body in a bog, and this helps one envision her mixed in with a crowd of prisoners and forgotten. Heaney in line three
states "the weighing stone." From this, one can infer that she was weighed down by the outside world, and that her life has been hampered by her
actions. In line four, Heaney wrote "the floating rods and boughs." The imagery created here helps envision how one would walk around in a jail
among all the other prisoners just wasting their life away. Heaney created this stanza to describe a real body that had been drowned for its crime
(Fawbert, n.d.). This
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By Close Analysis of Funeral Rites: Seamus Heaney’s...
Heaney's attitude towards death is presented in different perspectives within Funeral Rites. A pun, based on a homonym, embedded within the title
itself, suggests one's right to have a funeral : for there to be an occasion for family and friends to mourn one's death whilst celebrating their life. In
Funeral Rites, Heaney demonstrates the beautiful serenity associated with death, while also highlighting the tragic aspect of death and dying. Funeral
Rites is composed of three parts (the first of which I am going to focus on in this essay), with Heaney focusing on different attitudes towards death and
dying within each section. For example, in the first section, Heaney concentrates on funerals in the past, as established by use of the past tense. The
transition to present tense in the second section is confirmed by the strong adverb 'Now', and future tense in the third section highlights the change in
customs within the change in time period. With Funeral Rites' distinct structure, Heaney is indicating his nostalgia for the past, as well as highlighting
his outlook on the situation in Ireland.
Funeral Rites' tri–partite structure is reminiscent of the structure of North. North is separated into three sections, with each representing Heaney's
altering attitudes towards death. The first section contains two poems in dedication – clearly personal to Heaney. By introducing North with two
personal poems, Heaney situates the reader in a 'world of warmth, solidarity and almost
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The Lindow Man ( Officially Lindow IIi )
The Lindow Man (officially Lindow III) is the top half of a male body, found preserved in a peat bog in Cheshire, England. He was spotted on the
1st of August, 1984, by a peat cutter in Cheshire. With his job to keep the belt of his machine cleared he threw away what he thought was a piece of
wood. In actual fact this was the leg of the Lindow Man. "I was taken out on to the moss and shown where the previous day 's peat had been taken from.
Walking the uncut sections, I found a flap of dark, tanned skin projecting from below. Reporting my discovery to the police, we agreed I would be
given a day to excavate the remains. On 6 August, the site was recorded and sampled, the limits of the remains were established and Lindow Man was
lifted – within his block of surrounding peat – on his way to international celebrity". (Rick Turner, newly appointed county archaeologist)
Lindow Man 's body was damaged as his waist was cut by the peat–cutting machinery, and only the top part of his body remained. (SINEAD DALY
and ALICE KIM)
The Lindow Man's body had been preserved by the peat bogs at Lindow Moss, where the body was found. They were formed by holes of melting
ice and because of the type of moss that grew in them and also lets out a substance that causes a tanning process when dead, the Lindow Man was able
to be preserved with his appearance mostly intact. (Maisie Jewkes)
Part A– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aQwB9mdLzlc
Part B – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=chLJy2WEi7I
This
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The Discovery of the First Bog Body
A bog body is classified as a human corpse that over a long course of time has been naturally mummified in a peat bog. A peat bog is a swamp that
collects peat, which is dead plant material, often moss. In the peat bog when a body is mummified they are often known as bog people. These bodies
are crucial to our understanding of the past for what they reveal.
Since the discovery of the first bog body known as Amcotts Moor Woman who was discovered in 1747 in England,bog bodies have been a main
source of what is considered vital information for restructuring our past. They have allowed humans to explore the past and our heritage and have
helped them to acquire a further understanding of how we, as a human race, have developed. A great example of the knowledge that bog bodies have
provided us is Tollund Man. Tollund Man who was found in Denmark is one of the most famous examples of bog bodies, he has helped us to extend
the small snapshots we have of the past. Bog bodies as a collective are also revealing information about the individual bodies themselves and the
lifestyles they led. This primary evidence aids our modern understanding of our historical past.
Bog Bodies allow us to delve into the ancient lifestyles that the individuals led, this includes their diet, their looks, their clothing, their beliefs and their
customs. Tollund Man revealed all this information and more when scientists began to reconstruct his life. Tollund Man was found with a leather belt
and a
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Bog Bodies
This book informs the reader about bog bodies and how crucial they are to scientists because they're a journey to the past. Bog bodies are bodies
that were deposited in a bog shortly after death, they were then naturally preserved in the bog. To clarify why they're so important, bog bodies are
usually so well preserved that their skin, intestines and other parts of their body remain. Scientists study them and they are able to find when they
died, using radiocarbon analysis, and how they died which is only possible it's not a skeleton because certain wounds can only be seen on skin and not
on bones. There was a section in that text that impacted me, it was: "With new tests and procedure, with determination and perhaps some luck,
scientists may... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Scientists look at only a few apparatus to discover additional information about the past, they analyze fossils, artifacts, preserved bodies, and ancient
architecture. With bog bodies gone, that leaves a miniscule amount of items to study. Artifacts or items belonging to ancient people don't provide
tremendous amounts of information. Additionally, fossils belong to a whole other category, animals and plants from prehistoric times. Consequently,
this doesn't provide information about primitive culture and don't assist scientists seeking data on primeval civilization. Furthermore, bog bodies are
probably the most complex sources of enlightenment because they can provide clothing, weapons, and materials of specific eras, as well as informing
us about their actions. For instance, of scientists suspected the person was sacrificed we can conclude that whatever civilization they were from
practiced human sacrifice. In all honesty, bog bodies would be a grand loss because they're far more intriguing than other artifacts. Considering this,
bog bodies supply insight about someone's life and it simulates reading an autobiography because you find out multitudes of information about the
person, even if they're dead. Another bog body they studied was the Yde Girl, she was found in 1987 in the Netherlands but she had died 2,000 years
earlier. While they were studying her remains, they found at she had scoliosis, which impairs how you walk because it's a mild spinal curvature.
The toes of her right foot also signified that she might've been slightly pigeon toed. Scientists also noticed that she was stabbed and strangled with
her on belt, which was left on her neck after death. Perhaps she was considered undesirable in her society because of her "flaws" and killed because of
this. However, there are several other ways she could've died, it could've been a sacrificial
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Bog Bodies Essay
A bog body is a human cadaver that has been naturally mummified in a peat bog. Bog people are both geographically and chronologically
widespread, they have been dated back to between 8,000 BCE and the Second World War.
Bog bodies have kept their skin and internal organs due to the specific conditions of the surrounding area. These conditions include highly acidic
waters, low temperatures, and a lack of oxygen. These conditions will affect the skin of the body, causing it to tan. The oldest known body is the
skeleton of Koelbjerg Woman from Demark. This body was dated back to 8,000 BCE, which is during the Mesolithic period, but the oldest fleshedbog
body is Cashel Man. is body dates back to 2,000 BCE, which is during the bronze age
Most
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William Faulkner 's `` A Rose For Emily ``
While authors like Edgar Allen Poe and Stephen King are known for their creepy writings, William Faulkner has achieved a level of disturbing that is
hardly reached in short stories. A Rose for Emily is a story that shows how the insanity of one woman is able to shock an entire town, even in death.
When first reading A Rose for Emily, anyone can see how twisted Emily Grierson is. Not only for the fact that she was sleeping in the same bed as a
corpse, but because this was not the first time that she had kept a dead body in her house. While her family does have a history of mental instability,
stating that, "remembering old lady Wyatt, her great–aunt, had gone completely crazy at last" (section II), she is able to out do the impossible and
create an aura of mystery that surrounds her both during life and death. After reading this story, it makes the audience question not only the reasoning
that Emily has behind not only killing Homer, but keeping his body trapped in her house up until she met death as well. It also brings to attention how
much the townsfolk actually influenced the progression of insanity that caused Emily and those around her, so much turmoil. For example, if the
townsfolk had not used Emily as a source of entertainment and gossip, would she have stayed the recluse? While, the townsfolk are not to blame, it
makes readers wonder: what if? Another question that I had while reading this story is, who was the narrator? The narrator, whoever they are, is able to
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The Paradox In Mary Oliver's Crossing The Swamp
In Mary Oliver's "Crossing the Swamp", the speaker compares a swamp to the struggles and hardships in life that fight against her. The speaker
repeatedly contrasts herself to the swamp to emphasize the vastness of the swamp, conveying how the speaker understands the hardships that come
with life. The speaker describes the swamp as a "wet thick cosmos [...] гѓјthe nugget". The paradox compares the vast "cosmos" with a small golden
"nugget," contrasting how the experience the speaker is going through may be on a small scale such as the "nugget", but may be large and vast like a
"cosmos". The nugget is described with caesuras, and the caesuras are repeated five times throughout the poem. They act as an interruption in the
poem, conveying that the speaker cannot smoothly walk through the swamp and the journey is labor–intensive. As the speaker goes through the
swamp, she experiences "branching vines, the dark burred faintly belching bogs". The alliteration of the hard "b" sound emphasizes how the speaker
is fighting against the struggles in the swamp to get through. The struggles are emphasized as she goes through "pathless, seamless, peerless mud".
The scarcity of the mud is described with the repeated use of "less" and the speaker indicates how the mud is moveless and still. The image is further
expanded with the comparison to life, and how life requires individuals to make their own path through their life and that the universe does not simply
create paths for each individual. She then feels her "bones knock together at the pale joints" as she tries to grasp "for foothold, fingerhold, mindhold
over" the mud. The descriptions increase her sense of powerlessness in the vast cosmos she is in. Her mindset shifts as she struggles over "such slick
crossings, deep hipholes, hummocks that sink silently into the black, slack earthsoup". The repeated sibilants emphasizes how she is slowly sinking
into the mud. However, she is not resisting but is accepting the mud and the fact that she has no control over it. The acceptance contrasts her earlier
struggles with the "belching bogs" that she fought against. Mud symbolizing life's struggles itself, the speaker learns to accept the challenges ahead of
her. She shifts to an
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Analysis Of The Article ' The Pelican Brief '
The Wetlands In Grisham's novel, The Pelican Brief, he presents a case where an organization attempts to protect the coastal marshes of Louisiana
against the selfish oil companies and citizens that wish to destroy it for money. This is a tremendous concern that people deal with in America. John
Grisham wrote The Pelican Brief, in 1992 and it was one of his best selling books. Louisiana's marshes are being destroyed and are suffering greatly
because of humans. Grisham shows extensive knowledge of the wetlands as well as the wildlife through discussing the endangered Brown Pelican and
how humans have brought it to the brink of extinction. Numberless amounts of waterfowl, birds, and countless species that call Louisiana home are
now being terrorized thanks to non–native species, humans and a numerous amount of different causes. The Brown Pelican, Louisiana's state bird, has
been endangered until 1995, and about half of all the geese in North America spend the winter in the coastal marshes (Elliott, Charles). Additionally,
Louisiana is the leading state for the number of wintering ducks (ВЁSGPВЁ). The marshes are extremely important to the fowl that live there year
round and for the ones that do not. The Bobwhite Quail, that live there year round, have suffered huge losses to their population. From 1966 they have
declined 75%, primarily due to habitat degradation (ВЁSGPВЁ). One of the reasons populations of fowl have been going down is the result of
invasive species. The common
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Bog Bodies Essay
The site of Charavines,the bog bodies site. One of the earliest human communities of the Isere was established on its banks, 2700 BC (Neolithic
village of Bathers). A erie mass of water with extra special properties. Thanks to lack of oxygen and the anti–microbial properties of peat moss, This is
a place where hundreds of mummified corpses dating back as many as 10,000 years have been discovered.It lies in the wetlands of northern Europe.
These unusually preserved copses are called"bog bodies"Scientist research and study the corpses in the hopes of learning more about who they were
and how they died. In Denmark alone, more than 500 bodies and skeletons were buried in the peat bogs between 800 B.C. and A.D. 200. Their
mummified corpses have been well preserved, including clear facial features, fingerprints, hair, nails and other traits. Lots of the bog bodies bear signs
of gruesome violence, like slashed throats; one theory is that they may have been human sacrifices. Many of the bodies were found without clothing on,
supporting the idea that they were simple commoners, the 2,300–year–old Huldremose Woman (discovered in 1879) wore a skirt and scarf made of
sheep's wool, as well ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The food remains have allowed archaeologists to determine the diet, and even food–preparation techniques of this prehistoric people .The findings of
wood suggest Neolithic the "stone age" or the "wood age." The age of the site was determined by dating the wood of the posts for the homes through
dendrochronological analysis. There were many wooden objects recovered including: bows and arrows, handles for axes, knives and other tools,
canoes and paddles, and planks for
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The Peat Of Northern Europe
The peat bogs of northern Europe have become home to people who have been dead for centuries. These bogs are formed due to limited plant varieties
that are largely dominated by sphagnum moss. Within this moss is a polysaccharide called sphagnan, whose antibiotic properties are important in the
preservation of the bodies. Most often bog bodies range from 900 BC to 1800 AD. Whether it was an accidental fall, the dumping scene of a murder,
or a ritualistic sacrifice, the chemical makeup of these bogs allows researchers to uncover the fully intact bodies of the dead. Natural preservation
techniques keep soft tissues almost entirely undamaged. Tissue survival depends on how fast the body is immersed in water, temperature, time of year,
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This excavation allows researchers to assess age through Accelerator Mass Spectrometry dating, as well as possibly determine what their last meal
was. Following the excavation, in order to keep the bog bodies in a state where research can continue, it is essential to conserve the bodies. For this
step novel approaches are put into use in order to keep the body the way it is.
Peat bogs are ideal for human preservation for a variety of reasons. Proper human preservation in this setting calls for anaerobic, acidic, and wet
conditions to be present in order for the skin to be preserved. The bogs of Europe house all three of the aforementioned conditions. It is also suggested
that bodies are preserved in sphagnum peat bogs because they are tanned by sphagnan– a pectin like polysaccharide from the cell walls of sphagnum
mosses. Additionally sphagnum aids in preservation by "reacting with the digestive enzymes secreted by putrefactive bacteria and immobilizing them
on the surface of the peat." Sphagnan binds with proteins on the surface of microorganisms in a way that immobilizes them whilst removing them from
the water. Sphagnan's highly reactive carbonyl groups can alter the chemicals and nutrients necessary for the decomposition of a piece of organic
matter. The groups found in sphagnan essentially connect collagen molecules, this preserves them from degradation. By linking the collagen fibers,
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Grauballe Man Poem Meaning
The "Grauballe Man," is a bog body that has been preserved for more than two thousand years, is one of Seamus Heaney's North collection poems.
Historically, the Grauballe Man is considered to be one of the most well–preserved body of all time. It was discovered in the peat bogs in Jutland,
Denmark. The body showed signs of violence indicating that the man was murdered rather than dying of natural causes. Heaney's poem indicates his
preoccupation with the body because it evokes him of the atrocities that has happened during The Trouble. Heaney utilizes imagery to describe thebog
body, utilizes metaphor to associate bog body and the victims of Northern Ireland, and utilizes allusion to make historical references. Heaney explains
the cause ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He connects the Grauballe Man with a famous sculpture in order to connect one thing with another. Heaney states that, "hung in the scales with
beauty and atrocity: with the Dying Gaul too strictly compassed." Dying Gaul is a Hellenistic sculpture that realistically depicts the pain and
suffering experienced by a dying man, the root of the reference is that the pose of the sculpture reminiscences the death position of the bog man.
Heaney uses the allusion of "Dying Gaul" in order to make the reader develop the idea of the unification of artifice and nature, which reveals the
unique characteristics of human beings. Additionally, the "Grauballe Man" itself, is also an allusion. The allusion of the Grauballe Man exemplifies
the brutal history that has happened in the North. The Grauballe Man personifies the sacrifices for religious excursions in Northern Ireland during
The Troubles. Furthermore, "the cured wound opens inward to a dark elderberry place" exemplifies that the "open" wound will forever be exposed to
the brutality and the violence that is happening in Northern Ireland. However, it is very ironic because the wounds of the bog body can never be
"cured" because the body cannot develop or heal itself
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Guidelines For Fences Within The Wetlands Conservation...
Guidelines for Fences within the Wetlands Conservation District
(Adopted MM/DD/YY)
The detailed plan and application shall address the following items:
1.Provide a statement on the type of materials to be used to construct the fence.
2.Identify the location and height of the proposed fence.
3.No fence post shall be placed in a wetland or surface water body.
4.The fence must be at least 6 inches off the ground to allow natural drainage flow, prevent the blocking or damming of surface water and to allow the
passage of small animals.
5.Fence construction shall be done using hand held tools without the operation of heavy equipment (i.e. excavators, bobcats, backhoe, etc.).
6.Fence constriction shall not result in any vegetation clearing, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
An up–to–date survey of the entire property which shows the existing improvements and the location of all wetlands and poorly and very poorly
drained soils (including wetland flag numbers), wetland buffer, and 12' primary structure setback from the buffer edge. The survey should be prepared
by a licensed surveyor. For properties where the wetland delineation is older than 3 years, the professional who did the original delineation should
reconfirm the accuracy of the boundaries in writing as part of the application. The Conservation Commission reserves the right to request
documentation/notes for any wetlands delineation.
2.Clear identification of the location of construction and areas proposed to be disturbed and their relation to property lines, buildings, roads, and
waterbodies within one hundred (100) feet.
3.New improvements should be distinguished from existing improvements by hatching, cross hatching, shading, or other clear designation.
4.Distance of the nearest point of the improvements to the buffer edge and to the 12–ft. primary structure setback.
5.Clear identification of the square footages of the improvements and the square footage increase in disturbance.
6.The percentage of existing and proposed impervious cover on the parcel.
7.The limits of disturbance (building envelope) and construction ingress/egress should be identified with care given to restrict disturbance, to the fullest
extent practicable, to areas outside of the
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Lamar Odom Case Study
Lamar Odom has improved enough that it he will soon have to leave the Cedars–Sinai Medical Hospital according to Radar Online, Jan 8, 2016. It is
reported that in the next couple of days, he will be discharged and then transferred into a rehabilitation facility. This is good news for Lamar and his
family after months of wondering whether he would make it through his drug overdose. Lamar Odom, 36, was found unconscious in the Nevada
Love Ranch brothel. A source told People, "The plan is for him to move in the next few days. At the facility, Lamar will continue to receive amazing
therapy. He still has many challenges but is making progress. He is a fighter!." Khloe Kardashian stopped their divorce when Lamar was found and
she did not know whether
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Essay Postmodernism in Heaney's Poems Bogland and Tollund...
Abstract
This research takes a postmodern approach to Seamus Heaney's two poems: Bogland and The Tollund Man. The evidences in the research bring
illuminations to the significant issues of postmodern concept. Heaney's poetry was studied in myth, politics and revolutionary movement in the area of
Irish classical poetry. Recently, his poems are considered as postmodern. To answer that how much his poems are traditional, modern or postmodern is
the aim of this project.
Key Words: postmodernism, myth, imagery, technique, poetry, deadly, violence, corpse,bog, imagination, freedom.
Introduction
This research is a case study including discussions and analysis of two poems by Seamus Heaney, one of the postmodern poets. The ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
It discusses how the corpses from ancient world and primitive customs present themselves to the poem. It's also about the strangeness in today's
conditions and how Heaney changes his descriptive statements and emotional account into images in his poetry. It says that what is considered is the
history of present and the whole world is in imaginative language.
Heaney's poetry is the imagination and dreams of freedom in his mirror and writing these poems is an act of expressing what is happening in his mind.
Today postmodernism is considered as a reproduction of ancient traditions. Postmodernism like modernism, follows the ideas of rejecting boundaries
between high and low forms of art, rejecting inflexible genre distinctions, and emphasizing parody, irony and playfulness.1
Postmodernism points to a growing reality in culture. Anything fast, image centered, any thing that shocks or no longer keeps the tradition in itself can
be considered postmodern.
Dr. Christopher Carter, one of the professors at University of Louisville believes:
From Adrienne Rich to Jacques Derrida, poets continually attack conventional boundaries, recondition them, ignore them. Postmodern poets often
subvert the very forms they appropriate. They pose as different selves while refusing to speak for anyone, risk the same audiences they attract, revitalize
senses and emotions flattened by mass market culture. They compose a cacophonous music which thrives on
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A Phenomenology Of Iris Marion Young's Throwing Like A Girl
This essay will explore the concept of feminine bodily comportment through the analysis of Iris Marion Young's essay "Throwing Like a Girl: A
Phenomenology of Feminine Body Comportment, Motility and Spatiality". This essay starts with the concept of "feminine existence" that was
developed by Young followed by how it has become a restricted situation that women treat their bodies as a burden. In the ensuing paragraphs, I will
discuss how physical differences have been internalized in women's mindset throughout the phenomenological approach. To be more specific, physical
differences will be described by women's mindset before they enter physical tasks and the limited way women perform themselves. Moreover, the
contradiction women experience will be analysed through three modalities of feminine bodily comportment based on French philosopher
Merleau–Ponty's previous. Furthermore, I argue that women are taught to treat their bodies as objects. And I will examine the linkage between
feminine bodily comportment and women body size. The limitation of my essay is that it is based on Western society. It might not be applied to the
rest of the world.
At first, in accordance with Beauvoir's previous women studies, Young discusses how physical differences put women in a constrained situation that
they think of their bodies as a burden. However, Young argues that Beauvoir largely neglects the "situatedness" (2005, p. 29) of the dilemma women
experience before their movements, but rather
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Analysis Of Human Cadavers In Mary Roach's 'Stiff'
Stiff: The Curious Lives of Human Cadavers: A Summary In Stiff, author Mary Roach examines what happens to a person's body after they die.
There are a variety of choices that an individual or their family can make regarding their body. Although treatment of cadavers has greatly improved
over time, a lot of things take place after death. Roach sets out to discover some of the things that may happen to cadavers, knowingly or
unknowingly. Before there were laws and regulations to protect the dead person and their family, cadavers were often stolen where there was a
shortage. These were stolen because medical students wanted to practice their skills, or because they were needed to test some new product for safety.
This was particularly
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Dbq Bound Man
Tollund Man is a 2400–year–old naturally mummified body that was discovered in 1950 in a danish bog. Tollund Man was most likely a low– class
slave from the Iron Age, who was killed as a result of being hung by a rope noose, because he believed in another god than his community, which
suggested he was rebelling against his own community. According to Source A, the Danish police report, Tollund Man wore an iron neck ring, which
was typically what slaves wore during the Iron Age. Furthermore, Tollund Man was found with no clothes on, which indicates that he might have been
immensely poor. We could infer that the Tollund Man, therefore, was most likely a slave due to the fact that he was found with no clothes on and with
an iron neck drawn tight
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Tollund Man Research Paper
How was the body discovered?
The Tollund man's body was discovered by Viggo and Emil Hojgaard, and Viggo's wife, Grethe Hojgaard. In 1950 the family were cutting peat to
use for fuel. As the family worked, they suddenly saw a face in about 2 metres of peat. They immidiatly called the police at Silkeborg.
Where was the body discovered?
The body was discovered in a peat bog, Jutland Peninsula in Denmark. Accordingly the peat bog was 10km west of Silkeborg, Denmark. In addition the
Tollund man's body was discovered that he was placed 50 metres away from the solid ground and have been covered with 2 metres of peat.
What artefacts were found with the body?
Several artefacts were found with the bog body. There was a smooth hiden belt around The
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Tollund Man Research Paper
How was the body discovered?
The Tollund man's body was discovered by Viggo and Emil Hojgaard, and Viggo's wife, Grethe Hojgaard. In 1950 the family were cutting peat to
use for fuel. As the family worked, they suddenly saw a face in about 2 metres of peat. They immidiatly called the police at Silkeborg.
Where was the body discovered?
The body was discovered in a peat bog, Jutland Peninsula in Denmark. Accordingly the peat bog was 10km west of Silkeborg, Denmark. In addition the
Tollund man's body was discovered that he was placed 50 metres away from the solid ground and have been covered with 2 metres of peat.
What artefacts were found with the body?
Several artefacts were found with the bog body. There was a smooth hiden belt around The
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Sphagnum Bogs
Sphagnum spp., varying between approximately 120 species, is a diverse Bryophyte genus capable of holding significant quantities of water relative to
their size (Jonsson–Ninniss, 2016). These flowerless plants can accommodate around 16–26 times as much water as their dry weight, allowing them to
extend into drier environments forming sphagnum bogs or peat lands (Jonsson–Ninniss, 2016).
Economic Importance:
Sphagnum moss are uniquely the only mosses with significant economic value. This can be attributed to their absorptive and antiseptic properties
(Jonsson–Ninniss, 2016). Soldiers in World War II had their wounds treated with peat moss, as it served as a sterile wound dressing. A sphagnum
based soap coined "toilet and nursery antiseptic" ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Researchers are worried climate change and increase average global temperatures will free large quantities of carbon at an unmanageable rate (Peat
bogs "amplify" global warming, 2006). Enzyme activity causes increases in the decomposition of sphagnum moss. When such enzymes are warmed
and exposed to air they are permitted to act on peat moss and release carbon compounds into external environments (the atmosphere) (Peat bogs
"amplify" global warming, 2006). It is projected that by the end of the century temperatures will increase by an alarming 5.8 degrees Celsius (Peat
bogs "amplify" global warming, 2006). As the earth becomes warmer, droughts will increase causing the level of water in the wetlands to decrease,
allowing the soil to be exposed to air. If the oxygen within the air gets into contact with phenyl oxidase, the enzymes that break down sphagnum spp., a
reaction causing carbon release will occur, allowing carbon leakage into rivers and streams. This carbon pollution can enter in the sea and come into
contact with marine bacteria, which will attack the carbon and eventually convert carbon to carbon dioxide. Increased carbon dioxide levels will
consequently produce more warming leading to more carbon dioxide production through Greenhouse gas, in a rather cyclic series of environmentally
detrimental events (Peat bogs "amplify" global warming, 2006). Researchers have predicted that an extra 60 years of industrial emissions can cause
doubling in atmospheric carbon, causing acceleration in global climate change (Peat bogs "amplify" global warming,
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Theme Of Punishment By Seamus Heaney
As is evident in several of his works, Seamus Heaney was preoccupied by the sectarian subject during the period known as the Troubles in Northern
Ireland. However, other preoccupations emanated from it: his need to find his poetic voice when pressured to speak for his own community; and the
etymological study of the local landscape and its colloquialism. Firstly, this essay will analyse how Heaney dealt directly with the sectarian subject
through three strands; pre–Troubles sectarianism, internal community sectarian punishment and the sectarian murder of family and friends. Secondly, it
will examine the development of his poetic voice in his attempt to determine his role as a poet. Thirdly, it will also assess Heaney's etymological study
of... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The poets voice is one of a voyeur, visualising the past life of a girl who was punished for adultery. After a description that enlivens thebog body, the
poem culminates with Heaney addressing the paralysing emotional experience of being a voyeur to such "tribal, intimate revenge."Heaney measures
his sense of injustice against a community's brutal intolerance of rules perceived to have been violated. He illustrates the troubling irony: stone–age
justice that puts an adulteress to death is not so far removed from contemporary Northern–Irish society that punishes when a community's sectarian
rules are seen to be breached. Parker puts it that "conflicting loyalties, pity and guilt, private and collective, supply 'Punishment' with its emotional
charge."
'The Grauballe Man' provides a close description of an iconic bog body on display and reveals Heaney's emotional responses to it. The first half of the
poem is a description of each part of the bog body. Heaney uses dark imagery in conjunction with distinctly human qualities to give the man a spiritual
persistence: "the black river of himself." The poem then speculates on his past life and ends with him shedding the memories of that past. The idea
that man's barbaric treatment of his fellows is never far away; associated ideas link the fate of Grauballe Man with contemporary events in Northern
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Theme Of Punishment By Seamus Heaney
As is evident in several of his works, Seamus Heaney was preoccupied by the sectarian subject during the period known as the Troubles in Northern
Ireland. However, other preoccupations emanated from it: his need to find his poetic voice when pressured to speak for his own community; and the
etymological study of the local landscape and its colloquialism. Firstly, this essay will analyse how Heaney dealt directly with the sectarian subject
through three strands; pre–Troubles sectarianism, internal community sectarian punishment and the sectarian murder of family and friends. Secondly, it
will examine the development of his poetic voice in his attempt to determine his role as a poet. Thirdly, it will also assess Heaney's etymological study
of... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The poets voice is one of a voyeur, visualising the past life of a girl who was punished for adultery. After a description that enlivens thebog body, the
poem culminates with Heaney addressing the paralysing emotional experience of being a voyeur to such "tribal, intimate revenge."Heaney measures
his sense of injustice against a community's brutal intolerance of rules perceived to have been violated. He illustrates the troubling irony: stone–age
justice that puts an adulteress to death is not so far removed from contemporary Northern–Irish society that punishes when a community's sectarian
rules are seen to be breached. Parker puts it that "conflicting loyalties, pity and guilt, private and collective, supply 'Punishment' with its emotional
charge."
'The Grauballe Man' provides a close description of an iconic bog body on display and reveals Heaney's emotional responses to it. The first half of the
poem is a description of each part of the bog body. Heaney uses dark imagery in conjunction with distinctly human qualities to give the man a spiritual
persistence: "the black river of himself." The poem then speculates on his past life and ends with him shedding the memories of that past. The idea
that man's barbaric treatment of his fellows is never far away; associated ideas link the fate of Grauballe Man with contemporary events in Northern
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Essay on The Tollund Man
The Tollund Man
The Tollund Man is one of Europe's best–known bog bodies. He was found, alongside The Grauballe Man in the early 1950s. Bog bodies recovered
from the past are quite wide spread throughout Northern Europe, especially in Denmark, Germany and Ireland. The peat perfectly preserves the bodies
due to anaerobic conditions, although the bodies are found blackened, their fingertips, hair and clothing are all still intact. Seamus Heaney uses the bog
bodies in his poetry to "uncover, in their meditations, a history of Ireland's conquest, first by Viking's and later by the English".
'Tollund Man' opens quietly and effectively like Glob's initial description, "an evocative and poetic... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The way he was found, 'Naked except for the cap, noose and girdle' makes it sound as though he was stripped of all his pocessions, defenceless, and
suggests that he was strangled or hanged by the 'noose' around his neck. Later in the poem Heaney says that 'The Tollund Man', 'rode the tumbril' which
was a cart that took people to their death by punishment for example the guillotine, this also backs up the idea that 'The Tollund Man' was killed in
rather gruesome circumstances.
The third stanza, 'Bridegroom to the goddess' is describing the bog as the goddess of fertility, this is personification. Glob argues that "some of the
Iron Age people dug out of the bogs of Jutland were ritual sacrifices: their murder in winter, and the disposal of their bodies in bogs sacred to the
goddess, would ensure the fertility of the crops the following spring". This is why The Tollund Man's burial and preservation is described in sexual
terms, 'open her fen'. 'Those dark juices working/Him to a saint's kept body' describes how the bog preserves the body perfectly. Also, it suggests
The Tollund Man is like a saint as in the Catholic religion, saints bodies are said not to decay. 'I could risk blasphemy…our holy ground' shows
The Tollund Man's power over Heaney, "he can compel a 'religious' reaction outside the norms of
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Bog Bodies Are Crucial to Our Understanding of the Past
Bog bodies are crucial to our understanding of the past. The bog bodies age from 8000 BC to the early medieval times. The most important and
well–preserved bog bodies are from northern Europe, but bog bodies have also been found elsewhere in the world. Bog bodies allow for
archaeologists and scientists, with help from modern technology and dating equipment, too successfully uncover and gain understanding of what
past life was like. The alternative to bog bodies is skeletonized remains, which just don't provide the very detailed insight into the lives of people
from thousands of years ago, that the bog bodies do. Unlike the skeletonized remains, bog bodies come with appearance, clothing, equipment,
occasionally in tact organs and evidence of violence, all of which are lost on simple bone remains. The physical appearance preservation of the bog
bodies is normally in prime condition. Because of this condition it means that scientists and archaeologists are able to study the features of the body
and conclude things like the development of physical evolution from the ancient body to bodies of modern society. They can also obtain information
on the cause of death of the body by seeing things like, for example, the Tollund man, who had a rope around his neck that concluded he had been
hung to death. And by concluding causes of death, it can also be seen if the body was of sacrificial or a ritual demonstrating what burial practices
were in place. Clothing on bog bodies is also
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Positive Impact Of Afforestation Essay
Science
Impact of Afforestation
Introduction:
What is Deforestation? Deforestation is the process of human cutting down trees and destroying the habitats of animals and lives. People would
certainly think that deforestation would not be something good for the environment, and afforestation would cause a positive impact on the
environment. Well, most people have his perspective like that. The scientist had found proofs that afforestation has the negative impact on the habitats
of animals and the whole environment. But how this kind of activity would harm people and animals?
Environment: How do people and animals live? Well, they would need to depend on some biotic and abiotic factors. Water,carbon dioxide, nitrogen etc.
One of them is Oxygen, oxygen is one of the factors that would have a big impact on human and animals. No oxygen, no us. Afforestation is one of
the ways to maintain oxygen from all those environmental problems we are right now facing on this planet. Plants are producers, they use sunlight and
carbon to do a process called photosynthesis. When plants do this photosynthesis, they produce oxygen out. Trees are one of the producers that use
photosynthesis and brings oxygen to us. This is one of the benefits from afforestation, but does this proofs that afforestation does more things that got
positive impact?
During this couple of century, people had been giving the goal of afforestation. Although people still had achieved some bits of the goal,
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What Is The Theme Of The Grauballe Man By Seamus Heaney
The Grauballe Man "Grauballe Man," is a bog body that has been preserved for more than two thousand years. It is one of Seamus Heaney's North
collection poems. The Grauballe Man is considered to be one of the most well–preserved body of all time, it was discovered in the peat bogs in Jutland,
Denmark. The body showed no signs of violence indicating that the man was murdered rather than dying of natural causes. The poem indicates
Heaney's preoccupation with the body because it evokes him of the atrocities that has happened during 'The Troubles'. Heaney utilizes imagery to
describe the bog body, utilizes metaphor to associate bog body and the victims of Northern Ireland, and utilizes allusion to make historical references.
Heaney illustrates ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He connects the Grauballe Man with a famous sculpture in order to connect one thing with another, which will be explained later. Heaney states that,
"hung in the scales with beauty and atrocity: with the Dying Gaul too strictly compassed." Dying Gaul is a Hellenistic sculpture that realistically
depicts the pain and suffering experienced by a dying man, the root of the reference is that the pose of the sculpture reminiscences the death position
of the bog man. Heaney uses the allusion of "Dying Gaul" in order to make the reader develop the idea of the unification of artifice and nature, which
reveals the unique characteristics of human beings. Additionally, the "Grauballe Man" itself, is also an allusion. The allusion of the Grauballe Man
exemplifies the brutal history that has happened in the North. The Grauballe Man refers the sacrifices for religious excursions in Northern Ireland
during The
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Historical Investigation on the Tollund Man
Historians and archaeologists investigated Tollund man extensively through the wonderful preservations of his body which gave them hard evidence
to support their theories about Tollund Man's death. The Tollund Man was found on the 6th of May 1950 by two brothers at Silkeborg, Denmark, in
a peat bog. He was positioned on his side in a cradle position, naked with a leather belt around his waist, a pointed sheepskin cap with a leather strap
that was positioned firmly under his chin and a noose around his neck. The substances in the peat bog prevented the body from decomposing. The bog
contains Sphagnum moss which creates acids in the water and grows a glass covering over the water blocking out oxygen and keeping in heat, all in
which cause ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The images clearly illustrate that he wasn't strangled as the tongue would have been damaged but it wasn't and that the tongue was distended a
characteristic often seen in a person who is hung.
In spite of this, Don Brothwell another archaeologist argues that although the noose was around his neck Tollund Man was not hung as his neck
bones were not ruptured or dislocated and his spinal cord was not broken. Harold Hillman, an expert on executions states that the neck should break
and the upper cervical spine should snap causing the person to go into unconsciousness and die of asphyxiation (deprived of air). However, it is
impossible to completely identify if there was any damage when hung due to skeletal decomposition of Tollund Man's bones. However, the autopsy and
x–ray examination report came back saying "the rope, judging by the way it was placed around the body's neck, was most likely not used for
strangulation, and because of that it is of less importance that the cervical vertebras were undamaged since that sometimes happens when a person is
hanged". As a result of the great preservations of the noose and the tongue it is manifest that Tollund Man died through hanging. So why was he hung?
Was it punishment or sacrifice?
The extraordinary preservations of the Tollund Man's body and positioning of burial reveal a lot about his death. The Tollund Man was found lying on
his side in the cradle position with his eyes and mouth
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The Degradation Of Coastal Wetlands
Introduction
There is rapid destruction of salt marshes and wetlands due to dredging operations and filling. In Boston, almost eighty–one percent of the salt marshes
have been lost. For the Canadian Maritimes, almost sixty–four percent of the coastal wetlands have disappeared due to agricultural reclamation.
Approximately, ninety–three percent coastal marshes have been lost along the Pacific coast in the United States. In addition, there is a degradation of
coastal wetland due to invasive species, nutrient enrichment, and storm water discharge. It is critical to preserve and restore coastal salt marshes so
that carbon can be sequestered, and fish and bird populations can be preserved (Roman et. al. 2012). It is estimated that coastal wetlands are being lost
at the rate of two times the rate at which they are being restored. Salt marshes are found amid human developments and coastal areas and play an
important role in protecting these communities from the threats posed by being close to the coast. Depending on the density of vegetation, production
of biomass, and the size of the marsh, salt marshes provide many critical ecosystem services, such as, stabilization of the shoreline, weakening of the
waves, and reduction of floodwater (Shepard et. al. 2011). Wetlands include boreal peatlands and tropical mangroves. They provide critical ecosystem
services by acting as reserves for carbon, conserving biodiversity, purifying water, enhancing fish production, and
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Berry Bog : A Short Story : The Berry Bog
The Berry Bog
Recently orphaned, August arrives to his aunt and uncle's cranberry farm in northern Ontario. Uncle Duncan leaves an olive–green pair of
bib–overall–style hip waders outside his bedroom door. These mysterious rubber boots become the keys to the kingdom–a kingdom of marshy, boggy
land and ponds and thorny bushes and the skeletal outlines of birch and miserly pine that only the north and its feeble sun can grow.
The waders fit to his under–pits, and his feet swim inside the moulded rubber boots. He begins his exploration, easing through the turbid waters of the
bog, surrounded by cedars and pines that smell like cinnamon on hot, humid days. Another child might have had a harder time acclimatizing to the
bugs and the bush, but even floating amid the dense waters of his own loss, August fulfils the number–one requirement of his species: he adapts.
August had lived in a large concrete apartment complex in the east end of Scarborough. On weekends, his father would give him a twenty–dollar bill
and send him for chips and liquorice to the convenience store that was right in their building. They would spend the day watching movies and playing
video games.
Then, everything changed. A transport truck, with a driver drunk on lack of sleep and using his smartphone to update his Facebook status, crushed his
parents against the concrete barriers of the 401. Eighty–thousand pounds of brute negligence, and August found himself living with his odd,
complicated yearnings on
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Essay about The Bog Bodies and What They Tell Us About the...
Assignment on: The bog bodies and what they tell us about the past
What they tell us... clothing– fabrics, fashion etc. hairstyles.... physical diseases – what was around and how they treated it. Also height and physical
things. Punishment and ritual killing.. how and why . day top day things... food, tools invented etc.
In Europe and Britian, in areas of boggy, marshy soil, several well–preserved bodies have been found. They were prevented from decaying by the
airless conditions of the bog. Due to their excellent preservation, they tell us many things about the past. We learn about punishment andhuman sacrifice
, fashion and materials used, hairstyles and jewellery, physical diseases and how they treated them, diet, and tools and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Lindow man was strangled, hit in the head and had his throat cut. Were these people the victims of superstition? Were they human sacrifices? Lots
of evidence seems to point this way. The people who inhabited northern Europe at the time of the bog bodies were extremely superstitious. They
were the ones who invented the 'boggymen', today's bogeyman. They believed spirits of Gods dwelled in tress and watery places. Over 400 objects
that were sacrificed to the Gods have been recovered to the bogs, so it fits that people were sacrificed too. Sandra Olsen, curator of anthropology at
Carnegie Museum of Natural History, says " Sacrifice was done to curry favor with the gods–for greater fertility for the crops, greater fertility for the
animals, and greater fertility for the women. On the flip side, sacrifice was also done to appease the gods to prevent them from getting angry and
inflicting punishment such as famine or plagues." Several bodies showed other signs of ritual. Heads had been shaved, and special meals consisting
of charred bread and certain pollens had been eaten just prior to death. When Romans began invading the British Isle in 55 BC, they reported that Iron
Age Celts often performed ritual sacrifices during "Beltain," a spring festival that occurred when mistletoe would have been in bloom. During these
celebrations, pieces of bannock bread–including one charred piece–were doled out, and the soon–to–be lucky stiff who picked the
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The Environmental Issue Of The Wildfires
What is the single most environmental issue that is plaguing the eastern half of the world? The raging fires in Indonesia and Asia. These fires are
releasing more CO2 and other toxic chemicals in a few months than most countries do all year. The fires are also producing a thick smoky haze that
is clouding the entire area. What is the exact cause of this problem? Scientists are quick to point out several causes, but one that is standing out is the
defiant act of setting ablaze fields for the use of farmland.
The Indonesian government has taken a stand against the fire, but has done nothing to actually stop the farmers from destroying the land. The
actual problem is that the farmers are burning their land to make way for their crops. The farmers not only set the fires in the first place, but also
chop down trees to make land open for crops. This deforestation adds to the problem because they just let the trees lay and the wood tries and is
perfect kindling for the fires. This logging for the way of plantations is one cause that is leading the way. The government has no real reason to stop
the farmers because they are bringing in the money for the country. This use of fire is a ?cheap and often illegal way of clearing land.? (http:/
/forests.lic.wisc.edu/ric/wrr37/fires.htm) This shows the blahtent disregard for nature and the entire community. If the farmers only had the means to
clear their land in a way that didn?t cause such a destructive effect on the earth there wouldn?t
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Analysis Of Tidal Wetlands
In the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's 130 year assessment of Status and Trends of Wetlands in the Long Island Sound Area, the results indicated
that there was a 48% loss of Tidal Wetlands from the 1880s to 2000s in New York. Even after protective legislation was passed in the 1970s, wetland
decline increased by 19% decrease in New York from 1970 to present day. (Basso, 6)
This decline in wetlands should be of concern to ____ as wetlands provide a variety of ecosystem services to the general populace. They provide
provisioning services by the providing habitats to different marine organisms such as shellfish, finfish, and waterfowl, some of which provide humans
eat They provide supporting services, such as nutrient cycling (Teal 1986,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, too much nitrogen is leading to the wetland's demise. While the main concern for the loss of wetlands up until the 1970s was draining and
filling, and while the laws created then focused on reducing wetland destruction through urbanization, wetlands are still being deteriorated. Today, the
main concern is wetland loss created by increased amounts of open water on the marsh surface. The literature suggests that on average, healthy New
England marshes have 9% permanent open water on their surface. However, an open water assessment indicates an average of 47% permanent open
water on the marshes studied (Kirwan 2013).
In Long Island, the marshes are wetter and vegetated areas are shifting from high marsh to low marsh or to mud flat, which are far less productive and
give fewer services than the salt marshes and other high marshes that are supposed to be there. (Kirwan 2013
Warren and Niering 1993, Muschacke 2007, Tiner 2006, Field 2014, Rozsa 1995, Watson et al. 2014, Smith 2009, USFWS 2011)
While there are plenty of human–created stressors that are creating this conversion, such as invasive species, sediment deprivation, hydraulic
modification, pollution and climate change (Smith 2009, Gedan 2009, Wigand 2014, Watson 2014, Silliman 2009, Kirwan 2013). (Silliman 2009,
Lotze 2006), one major stressor is that of urban runoff, specifically, the high nutrient levels of fertilizer runoff. In a nine–year study, researcher Linda
Deegan added
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Louisiana Wetlands Research Paper
A wetland is an area of land that retains it water on it surface as in swamps, marshes, and bogs. Although we would prefer to keep the wetlands they
are being destroyed very rapidly. Louisiana loses about 25– 35 square miles of wetlands each year. By 2050 it's estimated that the annual loss of fishing
income due to coastal wetland erosion will be around $550 million dollars of revenue. The wetlands are valuable in many ways. They provide fish
for commercial fishing and eating. The wetlands also act as a sponge for floodwater during storms and heavy rains. Also retaining its water during
dry spells as a flash flood preventer. When it comes to the culture of Louisiana, the wetlands play a very large role in it, mainly in seafood. In
Louisiana we are the first to harvest seafood such as: Shrimp, crabs, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A swamp is a wetland that has a very high concentration of woody plants. The soil has a very lackluster drainage system and retains the majority of
its water that it soaks up. Swamps are deeper than marshes (another type of wetland) which can be about 3 feet deep. You can find a swamp on
slow moving streams, rivers, or low isolated areas. An example of an area that low and isolated would be the Everglades in Florida, which are a
massive system of wetlands. Although you may think of a swamps as having mainly trees, some swamps are completely dominated by shrubs.
Those are the two categories of a swamp: Shrubs and Trees. Swamps are a wetland, and wetlands are known for having an abundance of animals,
some of those are: Alligators, beavers, otters, snakes, insect, bobcats, and very large amounts of birds. Swamps have rich soils for sustaining plant
life as in the cypress tree. Cypress trees have a reputation of being able to sustain being submerged in water and not dying from it. This is most stems
from the fact that the cypress tree grows with its roots and part of its base
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Quotes From Lord Of The Flies
Pg 143 "He's a hunter. They're all hunters. That's different." No one spoke for a moment, then piggy muttered to the sand while Elvis watched with
equivalent agony. "Meat–" They sat solemnly thinking of meat, and dribbling. Overhead the cannon boomed again and the dry palm fronds clattered
in a sudden gust of hot wind. "You are a silly little boy," said the Lord of the Flies, "just an ignorant, silly little boy." Simon moved his swollen
tongue but said nothing. He looked at Elvis, waiting to see if he reacted. "Don't you agree?" said the Lord of the Flies. "Aren't you just a silly little
boy?" Simon answered him in the same silent voice. "Well then," said the Lord of the Flies, "you'd better run off and play with the others. They think
you're... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A thing was crawling out of the forest. It came darkly, uncertainly. The shrill scream that rose before the beast was like pain. The beast stumbled into the
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What Is The Meaning Of The Grauballe Man By Seamus Heaney

  • 1. What Is The Meaning Of The Grauballe Man By Seamus Heaney The Grauballe Man, a literary composition from North by Seamus Heaney, meticulously scrutinizes the iconic 'bog body' on display and presents his response towards the violence and chaos revealed in the piece of artifact. The level of detail provided by the poet is very intricate, almost as if he is venerating the bog queen. Throughout the poem, Heaney uses various literally devices to create vivid images, as well as expressing his distinction between the dead and alive. He uniformly alters the context of the poem through noun phrases and striking terminology. The notions of a man's barbaric actions, expressed within the poem are then associated with the contemporary events happening between the borders of Northern Ireland and the South of England.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... "The chin is a visor raised above the vent" provides an image of a knight's visor and is used to describe the unnatural shape of the head caused by a vicious action. The hair of the Grauballe Man is described as 'rusted', the same rust which appears on ancient metal weapons. 'Slashed' is also used to describe the throat and could refer to the slashing of swords. These medieval imagery refers to a period whereby knights were forced to fight and protect their lord's kingdom from invasions of the barbarians. It is also the period of the crusades, another sectarian war between two major religions, Christianity and Islam. The poet proceeds to admire and complement the bog body by comparing it to the Dying Gaul, an ancient Roman statue. The piece of art, reminiscent to the pose of the Grauballe man, is a dignified sculpture of a mortally wounded Gallic warrior regarded by the Romans as a barbarian but portrayed as a 'noble savage'. Heaney uses this image of a heroic death at the hands of imperialists to emphasize the brutal political reality. Through the lines 'hung in the scales', Heaney refers to another Roman statue, Lady Justice. The roman goddess is an allegorical personification of the moral force in judicial systems. The forces weighed in this case refers to the beauty of the visual artworks versus the victims of atrocity caused by the sectarian conflict. Any balance in favor of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 2. The Peat Fields Of Northwestern Europe The peat fields of northwestern Europe are nothing particularly exciting on first inspection. Appearing as empty field, though sometimes lined with strange brown blocks stacked or piled. These blocks are pieces of peat carved from the ground used as a traditional source of energy. However, these peat blocks are perhaps slightly less interesting than the other commodity the peat bogs have to offer; incredibly well preserved mummies or bog bodies. The peat bogs provide the perfect combination of sphagnum moss and a lack of oxygen allow for the preservations of bodies from as far back as 8000 BCE. Some are only skeletons, but many of the more famous bog bodies are incredibly well preserved. Many bodies found are from the Iron Age and provide valuable information on an era that lacks written records. These mummies are significant as they offer a view into the lives of man thousands of years in the past. They provide evidence in to previously misunderstood events and people. They allow for a first person postmortem accounts of peoples lives, cultures and deaths. Through new scientific methods bodies discovered centuries can be reexamined and allowing archaeologist and anthropologist to fill in the gaps and tell these peoples full stories. The oldest recorded discovery of a bog body dates back to 1640. A body was discovered in Holstein, Germany. Though very little information is known about this first discovery other bodies found through out the 18th have been further ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 3. Life : The Importance Of Life In The World According to Webster's dictionary, life is "the quality that distinguishes a vital and functional being from a dead body; a principle or force that is considered to underlie the distinctive quality of animate beings." Well that about says it all, right? After all, don't you consider yourself not to be a deadbody? I know I do. Can't I walk, breathe, think and eat? No dead body can do that. But I imagine that there is far more to life than that. It all comes down to why are we here? Regardless of your religious beliefs, you must have wondered about your place in the cosmos. How you got here is another topic. Why you were given life is this topic. It began in the womb. A life force entered your fetus and thus began your life. You emerged as a baby with all that was required to begin your journey. Your environment, parents, and circumstance controlled your future. Whether it began in a small African village or a mansion in New York, you were placed and deposited into a life that you eventually could control. Free–will gave you the ability to make decisions and move forward. Each choice determined your fate and what you would become. Exterior events would shape and mold these turning points. But ultimately, you would die and pass on to another place. These latter facts are unchangeable and cannot be denied. So let's look at your life from several aspects. As you read this article, you are nodding in agreement but are you comprehending what it means? What is your purpose on ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 4. The Peat Extraction From The Bog From the results presented it is a clear indicator that human activity is having a profound effect on Monivea Bog. The peat extraction from the bog is having a dramatic effect on the natural environment. The digitizing of the bog using GIS 10.3 was a simplistic method that visually provides how much peat is being extracted from the Bog. The reasons behind the extraction was pointed out by Cruickshank et al, 1995, suggesting that peat extraction is part of an Irish culture which humans use the peat as fuel and horticulture. The peat extraction evidently has an impact on the carbon content & loss, hydrochemistry, peat depth, geology and vegetation as pointed out in the results. The conductivity results for Monivea Bog shows that there is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... From the results there is an interaction between hydrology, vegetation and depth. The lower depths had a lack of vegetation, less surface water and high levels of conductivity. This suggests that vegetation is unable to deal with living at low depths on the bog and this is due to four factors. Firstly, the high conductivity suggests that the water is toxic for the sphagnum mosses to survive. The nutrient cycle is highly disturbed and there is no oxygen available for sphagnum mosses to grow. It was interesting to identify that there was no open lake in the bog in 1867, it is not known how this open lake has developed on the west side of the bog. It is almost impossible to observe or analysis the development of open water pools (Belyea & Lancaster, 2002). However, for this study, from the analysis of the geological profile and depths it is predicated that the pool was formed from subsidence of drainage and peat extraction. As Zanello et al (2011) points out that subsidence depends on how the water table is managed on the site. In Monivea Bog the water table was lowered to dry up the peat so it can be extracted by humans. Furthermore, Zanello et al (2011) also suggests that subsidence is driven by bio–chemical oxidation of the organic fraction in peat. The predicted subsided open water pool in Monivea Bog due support the sphagnum mosses. However, the water table being significantly below has caused reduced growth, desiccation and high mortality rates of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 5. Analysis Of Seamus Heaney 's ' The Wind 's On Her Naked... In lines one, two, and three of "Punishment," Seamus Heaney wrote "I can feel the tug; of the halter at the nape; of the neck." These three lines of the poem must be read together to understand that Heaney is basically describing how one is handcuffed and took to jail for committing a certain crime. Heaney then in lines three and four wrote "the wind; on her naked front." These lines portray that after one is in jail, they must then be ashamed in front of their peers for their action. This humiliation would be in the form of a jury that would be determining if one is guilty or not guilty. Heaney uses imagery in this stanza to help readers envision these events in a different light. For example, in lines one through three, Heaney is... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Once again, Heaney created this stanza to provide information on the woman's body, but one starts to realize that modern day punishment is just as harsh as primitive punishment, just in a different form. At the end of the stanza, Heaney uses a period to show the changing of events. Here, he is describing that once one is humiliated, they are then stripped of their life. Stanza Three Stanza three starts to show that the crimes one commits also starts to fade them into distant memories along with the others who create punishable acts. Seamus Heaney wrote in lines one and two, "I can see her drowned; body in the bog." When read together, these lines start to show that once one is stripped of their life, in jail, they are just another part of a lifeless society, and start to fade into distant memory. Heaney uses imagery to describe a lifeless body in a bog, and this helps one envision her mixed in with a crowd of prisoners and forgotten. Heaney in line three states "the weighing stone." From this, one can infer that she was weighed down by the outside world, and that her life has been hampered by her actions. In line four, Heaney wrote "the floating rods and boughs." The imagery created here helps envision how one would walk around in a jail among all the other prisoners just wasting their life away. Heaney created this stanza to describe a real body that had been drowned for its crime (Fawbert, n.d.). This ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 6. By Close Analysis of Funeral Rites: Seamus Heaney’s... Heaney's attitude towards death is presented in different perspectives within Funeral Rites. A pun, based on a homonym, embedded within the title itself, suggests one's right to have a funeral : for there to be an occasion for family and friends to mourn one's death whilst celebrating their life. In Funeral Rites, Heaney demonstrates the beautiful serenity associated with death, while also highlighting the tragic aspect of death and dying. Funeral Rites is composed of three parts (the first of which I am going to focus on in this essay), with Heaney focusing on different attitudes towards death and dying within each section. For example, in the first section, Heaney concentrates on funerals in the past, as established by use of the past tense. The transition to present tense in the second section is confirmed by the strong adverb 'Now', and future tense in the third section highlights the change in customs within the change in time period. With Funeral Rites' distinct structure, Heaney is indicating his nostalgia for the past, as well as highlighting his outlook on the situation in Ireland. Funeral Rites' tri–partite structure is reminiscent of the structure of North. North is separated into three sections, with each representing Heaney's altering attitudes towards death. The first section contains two poems in dedication – clearly personal to Heaney. By introducing North with two personal poems, Heaney situates the reader in a 'world of warmth, solidarity and almost ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 7. The Lindow Man ( Officially Lindow IIi ) The Lindow Man (officially Lindow III) is the top half of a male body, found preserved in a peat bog in Cheshire, England. He was spotted on the 1st of August, 1984, by a peat cutter in Cheshire. With his job to keep the belt of his machine cleared he threw away what he thought was a piece of wood. In actual fact this was the leg of the Lindow Man. "I was taken out on to the moss and shown where the previous day 's peat had been taken from. Walking the uncut sections, I found a flap of dark, tanned skin projecting from below. Reporting my discovery to the police, we agreed I would be given a day to excavate the remains. On 6 August, the site was recorded and sampled, the limits of the remains were established and Lindow Man was lifted – within his block of surrounding peat – on his way to international celebrity". (Rick Turner, newly appointed county archaeologist) Lindow Man 's body was damaged as his waist was cut by the peat–cutting machinery, and only the top part of his body remained. (SINEAD DALY and ALICE KIM) The Lindow Man's body had been preserved by the peat bogs at Lindow Moss, where the body was found. They were formed by holes of melting ice and because of the type of moss that grew in them and also lets out a substance that causes a tanning process when dead, the Lindow Man was able to be preserved with his appearance mostly intact. (Maisie Jewkes) Part A– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aQwB9mdLzlc Part B – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=chLJy2WEi7I This ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 8. The Discovery of the First Bog Body A bog body is classified as a human corpse that over a long course of time has been naturally mummified in a peat bog. A peat bog is a swamp that collects peat, which is dead plant material, often moss. In the peat bog when a body is mummified they are often known as bog people. These bodies are crucial to our understanding of the past for what they reveal. Since the discovery of the first bog body known as Amcotts Moor Woman who was discovered in 1747 in England,bog bodies have been a main source of what is considered vital information for restructuring our past. They have allowed humans to explore the past and our heritage and have helped them to acquire a further understanding of how we, as a human race, have developed. A great example of the knowledge that bog bodies have provided us is Tollund Man. Tollund Man who was found in Denmark is one of the most famous examples of bog bodies, he has helped us to extend the small snapshots we have of the past. Bog bodies as a collective are also revealing information about the individual bodies themselves and the lifestyles they led. This primary evidence aids our modern understanding of our historical past. Bog Bodies allow us to delve into the ancient lifestyles that the individuals led, this includes their diet, their looks, their clothing, their beliefs and their customs. Tollund Man revealed all this information and more when scientists began to reconstruct his life. Tollund Man was found with a leather belt and a ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 9. Bog Bodies This book informs the reader about bog bodies and how crucial they are to scientists because they're a journey to the past. Bog bodies are bodies that were deposited in a bog shortly after death, they were then naturally preserved in the bog. To clarify why they're so important, bog bodies are usually so well preserved that their skin, intestines and other parts of their body remain. Scientists study them and they are able to find when they died, using radiocarbon analysis, and how they died which is only possible it's not a skeleton because certain wounds can only be seen on skin and not on bones. There was a section in that text that impacted me, it was: "With new tests and procedure, with determination and perhaps some luck, scientists may... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Scientists look at only a few apparatus to discover additional information about the past, they analyze fossils, artifacts, preserved bodies, and ancient architecture. With bog bodies gone, that leaves a miniscule amount of items to study. Artifacts or items belonging to ancient people don't provide tremendous amounts of information. Additionally, fossils belong to a whole other category, animals and plants from prehistoric times. Consequently, this doesn't provide information about primitive culture and don't assist scientists seeking data on primeval civilization. Furthermore, bog bodies are probably the most complex sources of enlightenment because they can provide clothing, weapons, and materials of specific eras, as well as informing us about their actions. For instance, of scientists suspected the person was sacrificed we can conclude that whatever civilization they were from practiced human sacrifice. In all honesty, bog bodies would be a grand loss because they're far more intriguing than other artifacts. Considering this, bog bodies supply insight about someone's life and it simulates reading an autobiography because you find out multitudes of information about the person, even if they're dead. Another bog body they studied was the Yde Girl, she was found in 1987 in the Netherlands but she had died 2,000 years earlier. While they were studying her remains, they found at she had scoliosis, which impairs how you walk because it's a mild spinal curvature. The toes of her right foot also signified that she might've been slightly pigeon toed. Scientists also noticed that she was stabbed and strangled with her on belt, which was left on her neck after death. Perhaps she was considered undesirable in her society because of her "flaws" and killed because of this. However, there are several other ways she could've died, it could've been a sacrificial ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 10. Bog Bodies Essay A bog body is a human cadaver that has been naturally mummified in a peat bog. Bog people are both geographically and chronologically widespread, they have been dated back to between 8,000 BCE and the Second World War. Bog bodies have kept their skin and internal organs due to the specific conditions of the surrounding area. These conditions include highly acidic waters, low temperatures, and a lack of oxygen. These conditions will affect the skin of the body, causing it to tan. The oldest known body is the skeleton of Koelbjerg Woman from Demark. This body was dated back to 8,000 BCE, which is during the Mesolithic period, but the oldest fleshedbog body is Cashel Man. is body dates back to 2,000 BCE, which is during the bronze age Most ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 11. William Faulkner 's `` A Rose For Emily `` While authors like Edgar Allen Poe and Stephen King are known for their creepy writings, William Faulkner has achieved a level of disturbing that is hardly reached in short stories. A Rose for Emily is a story that shows how the insanity of one woman is able to shock an entire town, even in death. When first reading A Rose for Emily, anyone can see how twisted Emily Grierson is. Not only for the fact that she was sleeping in the same bed as a corpse, but because this was not the first time that she had kept a dead body in her house. While her family does have a history of mental instability, stating that, "remembering old lady Wyatt, her great–aunt, had gone completely crazy at last" (section II), she is able to out do the impossible and create an aura of mystery that surrounds her both during life and death. After reading this story, it makes the audience question not only the reasoning that Emily has behind not only killing Homer, but keeping his body trapped in her house up until she met death as well. It also brings to attention how much the townsfolk actually influenced the progression of insanity that caused Emily and those around her, so much turmoil. For example, if the townsfolk had not used Emily as a source of entertainment and gossip, would she have stayed the recluse? While, the townsfolk are not to blame, it makes readers wonder: what if? Another question that I had while reading this story is, who was the narrator? The narrator, whoever they are, is able to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 12. The Paradox In Mary Oliver's Crossing The Swamp In Mary Oliver's "Crossing the Swamp", the speaker compares a swamp to the struggles and hardships in life that fight against her. The speaker repeatedly contrasts herself to the swamp to emphasize the vastness of the swamp, conveying how the speaker understands the hardships that come with life. The speaker describes the swamp as a "wet thick cosmos [...] гѓјthe nugget". The paradox compares the vast "cosmos" with a small golden "nugget," contrasting how the experience the speaker is going through may be on a small scale such as the "nugget", but may be large and vast like a "cosmos". The nugget is described with caesuras, and the caesuras are repeated five times throughout the poem. They act as an interruption in the poem, conveying that the speaker cannot smoothly walk through the swamp and the journey is labor–intensive. As the speaker goes through the swamp, she experiences "branching vines, the dark burred faintly belching bogs". The alliteration of the hard "b" sound emphasizes how the speaker is fighting against the struggles in the swamp to get through. The struggles are emphasized as she goes through "pathless, seamless, peerless mud". The scarcity of the mud is described with the repeated use of "less" and the speaker indicates how the mud is moveless and still. The image is further expanded with the comparison to life, and how life requires individuals to make their own path through their life and that the universe does not simply create paths for each individual. She then feels her "bones knock together at the pale joints" as she tries to grasp "for foothold, fingerhold, mindhold over" the mud. The descriptions increase her sense of powerlessness in the vast cosmos she is in. Her mindset shifts as she struggles over "such slick crossings, deep hipholes, hummocks that sink silently into the black, slack earthsoup". The repeated sibilants emphasizes how she is slowly sinking into the mud. However, she is not resisting but is accepting the mud and the fact that she has no control over it. The acceptance contrasts her earlier struggles with the "belching bogs" that she fought against. Mud symbolizing life's struggles itself, the speaker learns to accept the challenges ahead of her. She shifts to an ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 13. Analysis Of The Article ' The Pelican Brief ' The Wetlands In Grisham's novel, The Pelican Brief, he presents a case where an organization attempts to protect the coastal marshes of Louisiana against the selfish oil companies and citizens that wish to destroy it for money. This is a tremendous concern that people deal with in America. John Grisham wrote The Pelican Brief, in 1992 and it was one of his best selling books. Louisiana's marshes are being destroyed and are suffering greatly because of humans. Grisham shows extensive knowledge of the wetlands as well as the wildlife through discussing the endangered Brown Pelican and how humans have brought it to the brink of extinction. Numberless amounts of waterfowl, birds, and countless species that call Louisiana home are now being terrorized thanks to non–native species, humans and a numerous amount of different causes. The Brown Pelican, Louisiana's state bird, has been endangered until 1995, and about half of all the geese in North America spend the winter in the coastal marshes (Elliott, Charles). Additionally, Louisiana is the leading state for the number of wintering ducks (ВЁSGPВЁ). The marshes are extremely important to the fowl that live there year round and for the ones that do not. The Bobwhite Quail, that live there year round, have suffered huge losses to their population. From 1966 they have declined 75%, primarily due to habitat degradation (ВЁSGPВЁ). One of the reasons populations of fowl have been going down is the result of invasive species. The common ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 14. Bog Bodies Essay The site of Charavines,the bog bodies site. One of the earliest human communities of the Isere was established on its banks, 2700 BC (Neolithic village of Bathers). A erie mass of water with extra special properties. Thanks to lack of oxygen and the anti–microbial properties of peat moss, This is a place where hundreds of mummified corpses dating back as many as 10,000 years have been discovered.It lies in the wetlands of northern Europe. These unusually preserved copses are called"bog bodies"Scientist research and study the corpses in the hopes of learning more about who they were and how they died. In Denmark alone, more than 500 bodies and skeletons were buried in the peat bogs between 800 B.C. and A.D. 200. Their mummified corpses have been well preserved, including clear facial features, fingerprints, hair, nails and other traits. Lots of the bog bodies bear signs of gruesome violence, like slashed throats; one theory is that they may have been human sacrifices. Many of the bodies were found without clothing on, supporting the idea that they were simple commoners, the 2,300–year–old Huldremose Woman (discovered in 1879) wore a skirt and scarf made of sheep's wool, as well ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The food remains have allowed archaeologists to determine the diet, and even food–preparation techniques of this prehistoric people .The findings of wood suggest Neolithic the "stone age" or the "wood age." The age of the site was determined by dating the wood of the posts for the homes through dendrochronological analysis. There were many wooden objects recovered including: bows and arrows, handles for axes, knives and other tools, canoes and paddles, and planks for ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 15. The Peat Of Northern Europe The peat bogs of northern Europe have become home to people who have been dead for centuries. These bogs are formed due to limited plant varieties that are largely dominated by sphagnum moss. Within this moss is a polysaccharide called sphagnan, whose antibiotic properties are important in the preservation of the bodies. Most often bog bodies range from 900 BC to 1800 AD. Whether it was an accidental fall, the dumping scene of a murder, or a ritualistic sacrifice, the chemical makeup of these bogs allows researchers to uncover the fully intact bodies of the dead. Natural preservation techniques keep soft tissues almost entirely undamaged. Tissue survival depends on how fast the body is immersed in water, temperature, time of year, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... This excavation allows researchers to assess age through Accelerator Mass Spectrometry dating, as well as possibly determine what their last meal was. Following the excavation, in order to keep the bog bodies in a state where research can continue, it is essential to conserve the bodies. For this step novel approaches are put into use in order to keep the body the way it is. Peat bogs are ideal for human preservation for a variety of reasons. Proper human preservation in this setting calls for anaerobic, acidic, and wet conditions to be present in order for the skin to be preserved. The bogs of Europe house all three of the aforementioned conditions. It is also suggested that bodies are preserved in sphagnum peat bogs because they are tanned by sphagnan– a pectin like polysaccharide from the cell walls of sphagnum mosses. Additionally sphagnum aids in preservation by "reacting with the digestive enzymes secreted by putrefactive bacteria and immobilizing them on the surface of the peat." Sphagnan binds with proteins on the surface of microorganisms in a way that immobilizes them whilst removing them from the water. Sphagnan's highly reactive carbonyl groups can alter the chemicals and nutrients necessary for the decomposition of a piece of organic matter. The groups found in sphagnan essentially connect collagen molecules, this preserves them from degradation. By linking the collagen fibers, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 16. Grauballe Man Poem Meaning The "Grauballe Man," is a bog body that has been preserved for more than two thousand years, is one of Seamus Heaney's North collection poems. Historically, the Grauballe Man is considered to be one of the most well–preserved body of all time. It was discovered in the peat bogs in Jutland, Denmark. The body showed signs of violence indicating that the man was murdered rather than dying of natural causes. Heaney's poem indicates his preoccupation with the body because it evokes him of the atrocities that has happened during The Trouble. Heaney utilizes imagery to describe thebog body, utilizes metaphor to associate bog body and the victims of Northern Ireland, and utilizes allusion to make historical references. Heaney explains the cause ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... He connects the Grauballe Man with a famous sculpture in order to connect one thing with another. Heaney states that, "hung in the scales with beauty and atrocity: with the Dying Gaul too strictly compassed." Dying Gaul is a Hellenistic sculpture that realistically depicts the pain and suffering experienced by a dying man, the root of the reference is that the pose of the sculpture reminiscences the death position of the bog man. Heaney uses the allusion of "Dying Gaul" in order to make the reader develop the idea of the unification of artifice and nature, which reveals the unique characteristics of human beings. Additionally, the "Grauballe Man" itself, is also an allusion. The allusion of the Grauballe Man exemplifies the brutal history that has happened in the North. The Grauballe Man personifies the sacrifices for religious excursions in Northern Ireland during The Troubles. Furthermore, "the cured wound opens inward to a dark elderberry place" exemplifies that the "open" wound will forever be exposed to the brutality and the violence that is happening in Northern Ireland. However, it is very ironic because the wounds of the bog body can never be "cured" because the body cannot develop or heal itself ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 17. Guidelines For Fences Within The Wetlands Conservation... Guidelines for Fences within the Wetlands Conservation District (Adopted MM/DD/YY) The detailed plan and application shall address the following items: 1.Provide a statement on the type of materials to be used to construct the fence. 2.Identify the location and height of the proposed fence. 3.No fence post shall be placed in a wetland or surface water body. 4.The fence must be at least 6 inches off the ground to allow natural drainage flow, prevent the blocking or damming of surface water and to allow the passage of small animals. 5.Fence construction shall be done using hand held tools without the operation of heavy equipment (i.e. excavators, bobcats, backhoe, etc.). 6.Fence constriction shall not result in any vegetation clearing, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... An up–to–date survey of the entire property which shows the existing improvements and the location of all wetlands and poorly and very poorly drained soils (including wetland flag numbers), wetland buffer, and 12' primary structure setback from the buffer edge. The survey should be prepared by a licensed surveyor. For properties where the wetland delineation is older than 3 years, the professional who did the original delineation should reconfirm the accuracy of the boundaries in writing as part of the application. The Conservation Commission reserves the right to request documentation/notes for any wetlands delineation. 2.Clear identification of the location of construction and areas proposed to be disturbed and their relation to property lines, buildings, roads, and waterbodies within one hundred (100) feet. 3.New improvements should be distinguished from existing improvements by hatching, cross hatching, shading, or other clear designation. 4.Distance of the nearest point of the improvements to the buffer edge and to the 12–ft. primary structure setback. 5.Clear identification of the square footages of the improvements and the square footage increase in disturbance. 6.The percentage of existing and proposed impervious cover on the parcel. 7.The limits of disturbance (building envelope) and construction ingress/egress should be identified with care given to restrict disturbance, to the fullest extent practicable, to areas outside of the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 18. Lamar Odom Case Study Lamar Odom has improved enough that it he will soon have to leave the Cedars–Sinai Medical Hospital according to Radar Online, Jan 8, 2016. It is reported that in the next couple of days, he will be discharged and then transferred into a rehabilitation facility. This is good news for Lamar and his family after months of wondering whether he would make it through his drug overdose. Lamar Odom, 36, was found unconscious in the Nevada Love Ranch brothel. A source told People, "The plan is for him to move in the next few days. At the facility, Lamar will continue to receive amazing therapy. He still has many challenges but is making progress. He is a fighter!." Khloe Kardashian stopped their divorce when Lamar was found and she did not know whether ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 19. Essay Postmodernism in Heaney's Poems Bogland and Tollund... Abstract This research takes a postmodern approach to Seamus Heaney's two poems: Bogland and The Tollund Man. The evidences in the research bring illuminations to the significant issues of postmodern concept. Heaney's poetry was studied in myth, politics and revolutionary movement in the area of Irish classical poetry. Recently, his poems are considered as postmodern. To answer that how much his poems are traditional, modern or postmodern is the aim of this project. Key Words: postmodernism, myth, imagery, technique, poetry, deadly, violence, corpse,bog, imagination, freedom. Introduction This research is a case study including discussions and analysis of two poems by Seamus Heaney, one of the postmodern poets. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... It discusses how the corpses from ancient world and primitive customs present themselves to the poem. It's also about the strangeness in today's conditions and how Heaney changes his descriptive statements and emotional account into images in his poetry. It says that what is considered is the history of present and the whole world is in imaginative language. Heaney's poetry is the imagination and dreams of freedom in his mirror and writing these poems is an act of expressing what is happening in his mind. Today postmodernism is considered as a reproduction of ancient traditions. Postmodernism like modernism, follows the ideas of rejecting boundaries between high and low forms of art, rejecting inflexible genre distinctions, and emphasizing parody, irony and playfulness.1 Postmodernism points to a growing reality in culture. Anything fast, image centered, any thing that shocks or no longer keeps the tradition in itself can be considered postmodern. Dr. Christopher Carter, one of the professors at University of Louisville believes:
  • 20. From Adrienne Rich to Jacques Derrida, poets continually attack conventional boundaries, recondition them, ignore them. Postmodern poets often subvert the very forms they appropriate. They pose as different selves while refusing to speak for anyone, risk the same audiences they attract, revitalize senses and emotions flattened by mass market culture. They compose a cacophonous music which thrives on ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 21. A Phenomenology Of Iris Marion Young's Throwing Like A Girl This essay will explore the concept of feminine bodily comportment through the analysis of Iris Marion Young's essay "Throwing Like a Girl: A Phenomenology of Feminine Body Comportment, Motility and Spatiality". This essay starts with the concept of "feminine existence" that was developed by Young followed by how it has become a restricted situation that women treat their bodies as a burden. In the ensuing paragraphs, I will discuss how physical differences have been internalized in women's mindset throughout the phenomenological approach. To be more specific, physical differences will be described by women's mindset before they enter physical tasks and the limited way women perform themselves. Moreover, the contradiction women experience will be analysed through three modalities of feminine bodily comportment based on French philosopher Merleau–Ponty's previous. Furthermore, I argue that women are taught to treat their bodies as objects. And I will examine the linkage between feminine bodily comportment and women body size. The limitation of my essay is that it is based on Western society. It might not be applied to the rest of the world. At first, in accordance with Beauvoir's previous women studies, Young discusses how physical differences put women in a constrained situation that they think of their bodies as a burden. However, Young argues that Beauvoir largely neglects the "situatedness" (2005, p. 29) of the dilemma women experience before their movements, but rather ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 22. Analysis Of Human Cadavers In Mary Roach's 'Stiff' Stiff: The Curious Lives of Human Cadavers: A Summary In Stiff, author Mary Roach examines what happens to a person's body after they die. There are a variety of choices that an individual or their family can make regarding their body. Although treatment of cadavers has greatly improved over time, a lot of things take place after death. Roach sets out to discover some of the things that may happen to cadavers, knowingly or unknowingly. Before there were laws and regulations to protect the dead person and their family, cadavers were often stolen where there was a shortage. These were stolen because medical students wanted to practice their skills, or because they were needed to test some new product for safety. This was particularly ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 23. Dbq Bound Man Tollund Man is a 2400–year–old naturally mummified body that was discovered in 1950 in a danish bog. Tollund Man was most likely a low– class slave from the Iron Age, who was killed as a result of being hung by a rope noose, because he believed in another god than his community, which suggested he was rebelling against his own community. According to Source A, the Danish police report, Tollund Man wore an iron neck ring, which was typically what slaves wore during the Iron Age. Furthermore, Tollund Man was found with no clothes on, which indicates that he might have been immensely poor. We could infer that the Tollund Man, therefore, was most likely a slave due to the fact that he was found with no clothes on and with an iron neck drawn tight ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 24. Tollund Man Research Paper How was the body discovered? The Tollund man's body was discovered by Viggo and Emil Hojgaard, and Viggo's wife, Grethe Hojgaard. In 1950 the family were cutting peat to use for fuel. As the family worked, they suddenly saw a face in about 2 metres of peat. They immidiatly called the police at Silkeborg. Where was the body discovered? The body was discovered in a peat bog, Jutland Peninsula in Denmark. Accordingly the peat bog was 10km west of Silkeborg, Denmark. In addition the Tollund man's body was discovered that he was placed 50 metres away from the solid ground and have been covered with 2 metres of peat. What artefacts were found with the body? Several artefacts were found with the bog body. There was a smooth hiden belt around The ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 25. Tollund Man Research Paper How was the body discovered? The Tollund man's body was discovered by Viggo and Emil Hojgaard, and Viggo's wife, Grethe Hojgaard. In 1950 the family were cutting peat to use for fuel. As the family worked, they suddenly saw a face in about 2 metres of peat. They immidiatly called the police at Silkeborg. Where was the body discovered? The body was discovered in a peat bog, Jutland Peninsula in Denmark. Accordingly the peat bog was 10km west of Silkeborg, Denmark. In addition the Tollund man's body was discovered that he was placed 50 metres away from the solid ground and have been covered with 2 metres of peat. What artefacts were found with the body? Several artefacts were found with the bog body. There was a smooth hiden belt around The ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 26. Sphagnum Bogs Sphagnum spp., varying between approximately 120 species, is a diverse Bryophyte genus capable of holding significant quantities of water relative to their size (Jonsson–Ninniss, 2016). These flowerless plants can accommodate around 16–26 times as much water as their dry weight, allowing them to extend into drier environments forming sphagnum bogs or peat lands (Jonsson–Ninniss, 2016). Economic Importance: Sphagnum moss are uniquely the only mosses with significant economic value. This can be attributed to their absorptive and antiseptic properties (Jonsson–Ninniss, 2016). Soldiers in World War II had their wounds treated with peat moss, as it served as a sterile wound dressing. A sphagnum based soap coined "toilet and nursery antiseptic" ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Researchers are worried climate change and increase average global temperatures will free large quantities of carbon at an unmanageable rate (Peat bogs "amplify" global warming, 2006). Enzyme activity causes increases in the decomposition of sphagnum moss. When such enzymes are warmed and exposed to air they are permitted to act on peat moss and release carbon compounds into external environments (the atmosphere) (Peat bogs "amplify" global warming, 2006). It is projected that by the end of the century temperatures will increase by an alarming 5.8 degrees Celsius (Peat bogs "amplify" global warming, 2006). As the earth becomes warmer, droughts will increase causing the level of water in the wetlands to decrease, allowing the soil to be exposed to air. If the oxygen within the air gets into contact with phenyl oxidase, the enzymes that break down sphagnum spp., a reaction causing carbon release will occur, allowing carbon leakage into rivers and streams. This carbon pollution can enter in the sea and come into contact with marine bacteria, which will attack the carbon and eventually convert carbon to carbon dioxide. Increased carbon dioxide levels will consequently produce more warming leading to more carbon dioxide production through Greenhouse gas, in a rather cyclic series of environmentally detrimental events (Peat bogs "amplify" global warming, 2006). Researchers have predicted that an extra 60 years of industrial emissions can cause doubling in atmospheric carbon, causing acceleration in global climate change (Peat bogs "amplify" global warming, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 27. Theme Of Punishment By Seamus Heaney As is evident in several of his works, Seamus Heaney was preoccupied by the sectarian subject during the period known as the Troubles in Northern Ireland. However, other preoccupations emanated from it: his need to find his poetic voice when pressured to speak for his own community; and the etymological study of the local landscape and its colloquialism. Firstly, this essay will analyse how Heaney dealt directly with the sectarian subject through three strands; pre–Troubles sectarianism, internal community sectarian punishment and the sectarian murder of family and friends. Secondly, it will examine the development of his poetic voice in his attempt to determine his role as a poet. Thirdly, it will also assess Heaney's etymological study of... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The poets voice is one of a voyeur, visualising the past life of a girl who was punished for adultery. After a description that enlivens thebog body, the poem culminates with Heaney addressing the paralysing emotional experience of being a voyeur to such "tribal, intimate revenge."Heaney measures his sense of injustice against a community's brutal intolerance of rules perceived to have been violated. He illustrates the troubling irony: stone–age justice that puts an adulteress to death is not so far removed from contemporary Northern–Irish society that punishes when a community's sectarian rules are seen to be breached. Parker puts it that "conflicting loyalties, pity and guilt, private and collective, supply 'Punishment' with its emotional charge." 'The Grauballe Man' provides a close description of an iconic bog body on display and reveals Heaney's emotional responses to it. The first half of the poem is a description of each part of the bog body. Heaney uses dark imagery in conjunction with distinctly human qualities to give the man a spiritual persistence: "the black river of himself." The poem then speculates on his past life and ends with him shedding the memories of that past. The idea that man's barbaric treatment of his fellows is never far away; associated ideas link the fate of Grauballe Man with contemporary events in Northern ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 28. Theme Of Punishment By Seamus Heaney As is evident in several of his works, Seamus Heaney was preoccupied by the sectarian subject during the period known as the Troubles in Northern Ireland. However, other preoccupations emanated from it: his need to find his poetic voice when pressured to speak for his own community; and the etymological study of the local landscape and its colloquialism. Firstly, this essay will analyse how Heaney dealt directly with the sectarian subject through three strands; pre–Troubles sectarianism, internal community sectarian punishment and the sectarian murder of family and friends. Secondly, it will examine the development of his poetic voice in his attempt to determine his role as a poet. Thirdly, it will also assess Heaney's etymological study of... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The poets voice is one of a voyeur, visualising the past life of a girl who was punished for adultery. After a description that enlivens thebog body, the poem culminates with Heaney addressing the paralysing emotional experience of being a voyeur to such "tribal, intimate revenge."Heaney measures his sense of injustice against a community's brutal intolerance of rules perceived to have been violated. He illustrates the troubling irony: stone–age justice that puts an adulteress to death is not so far removed from contemporary Northern–Irish society that punishes when a community's sectarian rules are seen to be breached. Parker puts it that "conflicting loyalties, pity and guilt, private and collective, supply 'Punishment' with its emotional charge." 'The Grauballe Man' provides a close description of an iconic bog body on display and reveals Heaney's emotional responses to it. The first half of the poem is a description of each part of the bog body. Heaney uses dark imagery in conjunction with distinctly human qualities to give the man a spiritual persistence: "the black river of himself." The poem then speculates on his past life and ends with him shedding the memories of that past. The idea that man's barbaric treatment of his fellows is never far away; associated ideas link the fate of Grauballe Man with contemporary events in Northern ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 29. Essay on The Tollund Man The Tollund Man The Tollund Man is one of Europe's best–known bog bodies. He was found, alongside The Grauballe Man in the early 1950s. Bog bodies recovered from the past are quite wide spread throughout Northern Europe, especially in Denmark, Germany and Ireland. The peat perfectly preserves the bodies due to anaerobic conditions, although the bodies are found blackened, their fingertips, hair and clothing are all still intact. Seamus Heaney uses the bog bodies in his poetry to "uncover, in their meditations, a history of Ireland's conquest, first by Viking's and later by the English". 'Tollund Man' opens quietly and effectively like Glob's initial description, "an evocative and poetic... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The way he was found, 'Naked except for the cap, noose and girdle' makes it sound as though he was stripped of all his pocessions, defenceless, and suggests that he was strangled or hanged by the 'noose' around his neck. Later in the poem Heaney says that 'The Tollund Man', 'rode the tumbril' which was a cart that took people to their death by punishment for example the guillotine, this also backs up the idea that 'The Tollund Man' was killed in rather gruesome circumstances. The third stanza, 'Bridegroom to the goddess' is describing the bog as the goddess of fertility, this is personification. Glob argues that "some of the Iron Age people dug out of the bogs of Jutland were ritual sacrifices: their murder in winter, and the disposal of their bodies in bogs sacred to the goddess, would ensure the fertility of the crops the following spring". This is why The Tollund Man's burial and preservation is described in sexual terms, 'open her fen'. 'Those dark juices working/Him to a saint's kept body' describes how the bog preserves the body perfectly. Also, it suggests The Tollund Man is like a saint as in the Catholic religion, saints bodies are said not to decay. 'I could risk blasphemy…our holy ground' shows The Tollund Man's power over Heaney, "he can compel a 'religious' reaction outside the norms of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 30. Bog Bodies Are Crucial to Our Understanding of the Past Bog bodies are crucial to our understanding of the past. The bog bodies age from 8000 BC to the early medieval times. The most important and well–preserved bog bodies are from northern Europe, but bog bodies have also been found elsewhere in the world. Bog bodies allow for archaeologists and scientists, with help from modern technology and dating equipment, too successfully uncover and gain understanding of what past life was like. The alternative to bog bodies is skeletonized remains, which just don't provide the very detailed insight into the lives of people from thousands of years ago, that the bog bodies do. Unlike the skeletonized remains, bog bodies come with appearance, clothing, equipment, occasionally in tact organs and evidence of violence, all of which are lost on simple bone remains. The physical appearance preservation of the bog bodies is normally in prime condition. Because of this condition it means that scientists and archaeologists are able to study the features of the body and conclude things like the development of physical evolution from the ancient body to bodies of modern society. They can also obtain information on the cause of death of the body by seeing things like, for example, the Tollund man, who had a rope around his neck that concluded he had been hung to death. And by concluding causes of death, it can also be seen if the body was of sacrificial or a ritual demonstrating what burial practices were in place. Clothing on bog bodies is also ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 31. Positive Impact Of Afforestation Essay Science Impact of Afforestation Introduction: What is Deforestation? Deforestation is the process of human cutting down trees and destroying the habitats of animals and lives. People would certainly think that deforestation would not be something good for the environment, and afforestation would cause a positive impact on the environment. Well, most people have his perspective like that. The scientist had found proofs that afforestation has the negative impact on the habitats of animals and the whole environment. But how this kind of activity would harm people and animals? Environment: How do people and animals live? Well, they would need to depend on some biotic and abiotic factors. Water,carbon dioxide, nitrogen etc. One of them is Oxygen, oxygen is one of the factors that would have a big impact on human and animals. No oxygen, no us. Afforestation is one of the ways to maintain oxygen from all those environmental problems we are right now facing on this planet. Plants are producers, they use sunlight and carbon to do a process called photosynthesis. When plants do this photosynthesis, they produce oxygen out. Trees are one of the producers that use photosynthesis and brings oxygen to us. This is one of the benefits from afforestation, but does this proofs that afforestation does more things that got positive impact? During this couple of century, people had been giving the goal of afforestation. Although people still had achieved some bits of the goal, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 32. What Is The Theme Of The Grauballe Man By Seamus Heaney The Grauballe Man "Grauballe Man," is a bog body that has been preserved for more than two thousand years. It is one of Seamus Heaney's North collection poems. The Grauballe Man is considered to be one of the most well–preserved body of all time, it was discovered in the peat bogs in Jutland, Denmark. The body showed no signs of violence indicating that the man was murdered rather than dying of natural causes. The poem indicates Heaney's preoccupation with the body because it evokes him of the atrocities that has happened during 'The Troubles'. Heaney utilizes imagery to describe the bog body, utilizes metaphor to associate bog body and the victims of Northern Ireland, and utilizes allusion to make historical references. Heaney illustrates ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... He connects the Grauballe Man with a famous sculpture in order to connect one thing with another, which will be explained later. Heaney states that, "hung in the scales with beauty and atrocity: with the Dying Gaul too strictly compassed." Dying Gaul is a Hellenistic sculpture that realistically depicts the pain and suffering experienced by a dying man, the root of the reference is that the pose of the sculpture reminiscences the death position of the bog man. Heaney uses the allusion of "Dying Gaul" in order to make the reader develop the idea of the unification of artifice and nature, which reveals the unique characteristics of human beings. Additionally, the "Grauballe Man" itself, is also an allusion. The allusion of the Grauballe Man exemplifies the brutal history that has happened in the North. The Grauballe Man refers the sacrifices for religious excursions in Northern Ireland during The ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 33. Historical Investigation on the Tollund Man Historians and archaeologists investigated Tollund man extensively through the wonderful preservations of his body which gave them hard evidence to support their theories about Tollund Man's death. The Tollund Man was found on the 6th of May 1950 by two brothers at Silkeborg, Denmark, in a peat bog. He was positioned on his side in a cradle position, naked with a leather belt around his waist, a pointed sheepskin cap with a leather strap that was positioned firmly under his chin and a noose around his neck. The substances in the peat bog prevented the body from decomposing. The bog contains Sphagnum moss which creates acids in the water and grows a glass covering over the water blocking out oxygen and keeping in heat, all in which cause ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The images clearly illustrate that he wasn't strangled as the tongue would have been damaged but it wasn't and that the tongue was distended a characteristic often seen in a person who is hung. In spite of this, Don Brothwell another archaeologist argues that although the noose was around his neck Tollund Man was not hung as his neck bones were not ruptured or dislocated and his spinal cord was not broken. Harold Hillman, an expert on executions states that the neck should break and the upper cervical spine should snap causing the person to go into unconsciousness and die of asphyxiation (deprived of air). However, it is impossible to completely identify if there was any damage when hung due to skeletal decomposition of Tollund Man's bones. However, the autopsy and x–ray examination report came back saying "the rope, judging by the way it was placed around the body's neck, was most likely not used for strangulation, and because of that it is of less importance that the cervical vertebras were undamaged since that sometimes happens when a person is hanged". As a result of the great preservations of the noose and the tongue it is manifest that Tollund Man died through hanging. So why was he hung? Was it punishment or sacrifice? The extraordinary preservations of the Tollund Man's body and positioning of burial reveal a lot about his death. The Tollund Man was found lying on his side in the cradle position with his eyes and mouth ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 34. The Degradation Of Coastal Wetlands Introduction There is rapid destruction of salt marshes and wetlands due to dredging operations and filling. In Boston, almost eighty–one percent of the salt marshes have been lost. For the Canadian Maritimes, almost sixty–four percent of the coastal wetlands have disappeared due to agricultural reclamation. Approximately, ninety–three percent coastal marshes have been lost along the Pacific coast in the United States. In addition, there is a degradation of coastal wetland due to invasive species, nutrient enrichment, and storm water discharge. It is critical to preserve and restore coastal salt marshes so that carbon can be sequestered, and fish and bird populations can be preserved (Roman et. al. 2012). It is estimated that coastal wetlands are being lost at the rate of two times the rate at which they are being restored. Salt marshes are found amid human developments and coastal areas and play an important role in protecting these communities from the threats posed by being close to the coast. Depending on the density of vegetation, production of biomass, and the size of the marsh, salt marshes provide many critical ecosystem services, such as, stabilization of the shoreline, weakening of the waves, and reduction of floodwater (Shepard et. al. 2011). Wetlands include boreal peatlands and tropical mangroves. They provide critical ecosystem services by acting as reserves for carbon, conserving biodiversity, purifying water, enhancing fish production, and ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 35. Berry Bog : A Short Story : The Berry Bog The Berry Bog Recently orphaned, August arrives to his aunt and uncle's cranberry farm in northern Ontario. Uncle Duncan leaves an olive–green pair of bib–overall–style hip waders outside his bedroom door. These mysterious rubber boots become the keys to the kingdom–a kingdom of marshy, boggy land and ponds and thorny bushes and the skeletal outlines of birch and miserly pine that only the north and its feeble sun can grow. The waders fit to his under–pits, and his feet swim inside the moulded rubber boots. He begins his exploration, easing through the turbid waters of the bog, surrounded by cedars and pines that smell like cinnamon on hot, humid days. Another child might have had a harder time acclimatizing to the bugs and the bush, but even floating amid the dense waters of his own loss, August fulfils the number–one requirement of his species: he adapts. August had lived in a large concrete apartment complex in the east end of Scarborough. On weekends, his father would give him a twenty–dollar bill and send him for chips and liquorice to the convenience store that was right in their building. They would spend the day watching movies and playing video games. Then, everything changed. A transport truck, with a driver drunk on lack of sleep and using his smartphone to update his Facebook status, crushed his parents against the concrete barriers of the 401. Eighty–thousand pounds of brute negligence, and August found himself living with his odd, complicated yearnings on ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 36. Essay about The Bog Bodies and What They Tell Us About the... Assignment on: The bog bodies and what they tell us about the past What they tell us... clothing– fabrics, fashion etc. hairstyles.... physical diseases – what was around and how they treated it. Also height and physical things. Punishment and ritual killing.. how and why . day top day things... food, tools invented etc. In Europe and Britian, in areas of boggy, marshy soil, several well–preserved bodies have been found. They were prevented from decaying by the airless conditions of the bog. Due to their excellent preservation, they tell us many things about the past. We learn about punishment andhuman sacrifice , fashion and materials used, hairstyles and jewellery, physical diseases and how they treated them, diet, and tools and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Lindow man was strangled, hit in the head and had his throat cut. Were these people the victims of superstition? Were they human sacrifices? Lots of evidence seems to point this way. The people who inhabited northern Europe at the time of the bog bodies were extremely superstitious. They were the ones who invented the 'boggymen', today's bogeyman. They believed spirits of Gods dwelled in tress and watery places. Over 400 objects that were sacrificed to the Gods have been recovered to the bogs, so it fits that people were sacrificed too. Sandra Olsen, curator of anthropology at Carnegie Museum of Natural History, says " Sacrifice was done to curry favor with the gods–for greater fertility for the crops, greater fertility for the animals, and greater fertility for the women. On the flip side, sacrifice was also done to appease the gods to prevent them from getting angry and inflicting punishment such as famine or plagues." Several bodies showed other signs of ritual. Heads had been shaved, and special meals consisting of charred bread and certain pollens had been eaten just prior to death. When Romans began invading the British Isle in 55 BC, they reported that Iron Age Celts often performed ritual sacrifices during "Beltain," a spring festival that occurred when mistletoe would have been in bloom. During these celebrations, pieces of bannock bread–including one charred piece–were doled out, and the soon–to–be lucky stiff who picked the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 37. The Environmental Issue Of The Wildfires What is the single most environmental issue that is plaguing the eastern half of the world? The raging fires in Indonesia and Asia. These fires are releasing more CO2 and other toxic chemicals in a few months than most countries do all year. The fires are also producing a thick smoky haze that is clouding the entire area. What is the exact cause of this problem? Scientists are quick to point out several causes, but one that is standing out is the defiant act of setting ablaze fields for the use of farmland. The Indonesian government has taken a stand against the fire, but has done nothing to actually stop the farmers from destroying the land. The actual problem is that the farmers are burning their land to make way for their crops. The farmers not only set the fires in the first place, but also chop down trees to make land open for crops. This deforestation adds to the problem because they just let the trees lay and the wood tries and is perfect kindling for the fires. This logging for the way of plantations is one cause that is leading the way. The government has no real reason to stop the farmers because they are bringing in the money for the country. This use of fire is a ?cheap and often illegal way of clearing land.? (http:/ /forests.lic.wisc.edu/ric/wrr37/fires.htm) This shows the blahtent disregard for nature and the entire community. If the farmers only had the means to clear their land in a way that didn?t cause such a destructive effect on the earth there wouldn?t ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 38. Analysis Of Tidal Wetlands In the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's 130 year assessment of Status and Trends of Wetlands in the Long Island Sound Area, the results indicated that there was a 48% loss of Tidal Wetlands from the 1880s to 2000s in New York. Even after protective legislation was passed in the 1970s, wetland decline increased by 19% decrease in New York from 1970 to present day. (Basso, 6) This decline in wetlands should be of concern to ____ as wetlands provide a variety of ecosystem services to the general populace. They provide provisioning services by the providing habitats to different marine organisms such as shellfish, finfish, and waterfowl, some of which provide humans eat They provide supporting services, such as nutrient cycling (Teal 1986,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... However, too much nitrogen is leading to the wetland's demise. While the main concern for the loss of wetlands up until the 1970s was draining and filling, and while the laws created then focused on reducing wetland destruction through urbanization, wetlands are still being deteriorated. Today, the main concern is wetland loss created by increased amounts of open water on the marsh surface. The literature suggests that on average, healthy New England marshes have 9% permanent open water on their surface. However, an open water assessment indicates an average of 47% permanent open water on the marshes studied (Kirwan 2013). In Long Island, the marshes are wetter and vegetated areas are shifting from high marsh to low marsh or to mud flat, which are far less productive and give fewer services than the salt marshes and other high marshes that are supposed to be there. (Kirwan 2013 Warren and Niering 1993, Muschacke 2007, Tiner 2006, Field 2014, Rozsa 1995, Watson et al. 2014, Smith 2009, USFWS 2011) While there are plenty of human–created stressors that are creating this conversion, such as invasive species, sediment deprivation, hydraulic modification, pollution and climate change (Smith 2009, Gedan 2009, Wigand 2014, Watson 2014, Silliman 2009, Kirwan 2013). (Silliman 2009, Lotze 2006), one major stressor is that of urban runoff, specifically, the high nutrient levels of fertilizer runoff. In a nine–year study, researcher Linda Deegan added ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 39. Louisiana Wetlands Research Paper A wetland is an area of land that retains it water on it surface as in swamps, marshes, and bogs. Although we would prefer to keep the wetlands they are being destroyed very rapidly. Louisiana loses about 25– 35 square miles of wetlands each year. By 2050 it's estimated that the annual loss of fishing income due to coastal wetland erosion will be around $550 million dollars of revenue. The wetlands are valuable in many ways. They provide fish for commercial fishing and eating. The wetlands also act as a sponge for floodwater during storms and heavy rains. Also retaining its water during dry spells as a flash flood preventer. When it comes to the culture of Louisiana, the wetlands play a very large role in it, mainly in seafood. In Louisiana we are the first to harvest seafood such as: Shrimp, crabs, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... A swamp is a wetland that has a very high concentration of woody plants. The soil has a very lackluster drainage system and retains the majority of its water that it soaks up. Swamps are deeper than marshes (another type of wetland) which can be about 3 feet deep. You can find a swamp on slow moving streams, rivers, or low isolated areas. An example of an area that low and isolated would be the Everglades in Florida, which are a massive system of wetlands. Although you may think of a swamps as having mainly trees, some swamps are completely dominated by shrubs. Those are the two categories of a swamp: Shrubs and Trees. Swamps are a wetland, and wetlands are known for having an abundance of animals, some of those are: Alligators, beavers, otters, snakes, insect, bobcats, and very large amounts of birds. Swamps have rich soils for sustaining plant life as in the cypress tree. Cypress trees have a reputation of being able to sustain being submerged in water and not dying from it. This is most stems from the fact that the cypress tree grows with its roots and part of its base ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 40. Quotes From Lord Of The Flies Pg 143 "He's a hunter. They're all hunters. That's different." No one spoke for a moment, then piggy muttered to the sand while Elvis watched with equivalent agony. "Meat–" They sat solemnly thinking of meat, and dribbling. Overhead the cannon boomed again and the dry palm fronds clattered in a sudden gust of hot wind. "You are a silly little boy," said the Lord of the Flies, "just an ignorant, silly little boy." Simon moved his swollen tongue but said nothing. He looked at Elvis, waiting to see if he reacted. "Don't you agree?" said the Lord of the Flies. "Aren't you just a silly little boy?" Simon answered him in the same silent voice. "Well then," said the Lord of the Flies, "you'd better run off and play with the others. They think you're... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... A thing was crawling out of the forest. It came darkly, uncertainly. The shrill scream that rose before the beast was like pain. The beast stumbled into the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...