2. Joint sector industries are owned jointly by the
government and private individuals who have
contributed to the capital.
In joint sector, both public sector and private
sector join hands to establish new enterprise. It
combines merits of both public and private
sector.The concept of joint sector matches with
the concept of mixed economy.
As mixed economy is the combination of both
capitalism and socialism, joint sector is
combination of both public sector and private
sector.
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3. In joint sector financial participation is 26 % from
the government, 25% from private enterprise and
49% from public and financial institutions.
In case of a foreign collaboration or participation
with domestic partner, the share of government
will be 25% ,Indian business concern 20%, foreign
investor 20% and public 35% in the paid up capital.
No single party can hold more than 25% of the
shares without the sanction of central government.
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4. Social control over industries
Failures of Private and Public sector
Compromise and solution of both sector
Instrument of industrial growth and regional
development
Strategy of state sponsored industrialization
Removal of the contradictions involved in the
concept of mixed economy
Mobilization of financial,Technical and
managerial Resources
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5. Corruption
Quality of services
Evaluation
Wealth creation
Monopoly
Drawbacks of Public sector
Limitations of private sector.
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6. It refers to the sector which is voluntary
association of persons owned and managed
for their or sometimes the communities
benefit.A cooperative is a legal entity with
severalCorporate features, such as limited
liability, an unlimited life span, an elected
board of directors. Members or Owners pay
annual fees to the cooperative and share
profits.
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7. A cooperative organization is an association of
persons, usually of limited means, who have
voluntarily joined to achieve a common economic and
through the formation of a democratically controlled
organization , making equitable contributions to the
capital required and accepting a fair share of risks and
benefits of the undertaking.
Co-operatives are autonomous associations formed
and democratically directed by people who come
together to meet common economic, social, and
cultural needs. Founded on the principle of
participatory governance, co-ops are governed by
those who use their services: their members.
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8. Voluntary association
Open membership
Legal entity
Equal voting right
Service Motive
Co-operation among Co-operatives
Concern for community
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10. Easy Formation
Open membership
Democratic Control
Limited liability
Elimination of Middlemen’s profit
StateAssistance
Stable Life
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11. LimitedCapital
Problems in management
Lack of motivation
Lack of Cooperation
Dependence on government
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12. Amul (Anand Milk Union Limited), formed in
1946, is a Dairy co-operative movement in
India.Which today is jointly owned by some
2.6 million milk producers in Gujarat , India.
Indian Coffee House
Adrash Co-operative Bank
Shri MahilaGriha Udyog Lijjat Papad
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13. References
Business Environment byVeera karoli
Business Environment by Rosy Joshi &
Sangam kapoor
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