8. Direct Dyeing
Stock Dyeing
Yarn Dyeing
Top Dyeing
Garment Dyeing
9. Direct Dyeing
When a dye is applied directly to
the fabric without the aid of an
affixing agent, it is called direct
dyeing.
In this method the dyestuff is either
fermented (for natural dye) or
chemically reduced (for synthetic
vat and sulphur dyes) before being
applied
10. Yarn Dyeing
The process of dyeing yarns before weaving, making
it possible to create multicolored textiles is called
Yarn Dyeing
12. DESIZING
Remove Size Material
Increase Absorbency Power of
the Fabric
Increase luster of Dyeing &
Printing
Perfect Action of Scouring &
Bleaching
13. SCOURING:
Textile scouring is a process in which the fabric is
treated with alkali at room temperature or at
suitable higher temperatures and by this process
oil, fat, wax and other natural and added impurities
are removed.
OBJECTS OF SCOURING:
• To remove the impurities
• To make the fabric highly hydrophilic
• To produce a clean material by adding alkali.
• To remove the natural color and make the
fabric for next process.
B.Sc inTextile Engineering
Date: 05.08.2017 ID: BTE-00905483
15. BLEACHING:
Bleaching of textile material is a chemical or
commercial process which can be defined as the
destruction of natural coloring matters to impart a
pure and basic white effects.
OBJECTSOF BLEACHING:
• To destruct the natural coloring matters
• To impart a pure permanent and white effects.
• To increase the degree of whiteness
B.Sc inTextile Engineering
ID: BTE-00905483Date: 05.08.2017
17. DYES:
Definition : Dyes are coloring materials used in
colorations of textile. Most of the dyes are organic
compound and soluble in water and may require a
mordant to improve the fastness of the dye on the
fiber.
CLASSIFICATIONOF DYES:
Dyes can be classified as follows :-
1. Ready made dyes:
a)Water soluble dyes
i) Direct dyes
ii)Acid dyes
iii) Basic dyes
iv) Reactive dyes
b)Water insoluble dye
i) disperse dyes
ii) Sulphur dyes
iii)Vat dyes
2. Inorganic dyes :
a) Azoic color
b) Oxidation color
c) Mineral color
Date: 05.08.2017 ID: BTE-00905464
18. MERCERIZING:
Definition :A Treatment of cotton yarn or fabric to increase
its luster and affinity for dyes. The process causes a
permanent swelling of the fiber and thus increases its
luster.
Date: 05.08.2017 ID: BTE-00905464
19. BASIC REQUIRMENT OF DYEING MACHINE
Dyeing machine shall provide sufficient movement for the
dyeing and dyes chemical liquor to penetrate uniformly into
every part of the goods (fibre, yarn, fabric or cloth garments)
. The dyeing liquor movement inside the dyeing machine
shouldn't be so vigorous that it damages the finer textile
materials
. Dyeing Machine must be constructed of a material which will
withstand prolonged boiling with acid or alkaline solutions from
the dye bath.
. Heating arrangement inside the dyeing machine should be such
that uniform temperature could be maintained.
. There should be some means of adding the concentrated
dyestuff solution in such a way that it becomes well diluted
before it comes into contact with the goods Date: 05.08.2017ID: BTE-00905437
20. All the fabric dyeing machines have listed in
the following:
• Jigger dyeing machine,
• Pad or padding mangle dyeing machine,
• Jet dyeing machine,
• High temperature winch dyeing machine,
• Winch dyeing machine,
• Beam dyeing machine,
• Solvent dyeing machine,
• Molter metal stand fast dyeing machine.
List of Fabric Dyeing Machine Used inTextileWet Processing
Date: 05.08.2017
ID: BTE-00905437
22. Date: 05.08.2017 ID: BTE-00605270
ADVANTAGES:
• Dyeing time is short
• Production is high
• M:L=1:5-1:6
DISADVANTAGES:
• Cloth is dyed in rope form
• Risk of entanglement
• Chance of crease formation
24. FEACHERS OFWINCH DYEING MACHINE:
• The fabric is immersed and pulled on from the
dye liquor
• Essentially consists of heated container and
anti-revolving winch
• Discontinuous type dyeing machine
• Fabric is dyed in rope form
• Machine speed is 70 r.p.m
• Fabric moving speed 30-80 m/min
• M:L=1:20-1:30
• The more speed the more dyeing
Date: 05.08.2017 ID: BTE-00905441
B.Sc inTextile Engineering
25. B.Sc inTextile Engineering
Advantages: Disadvantages:
• Easy to operate
• Suitable for dyeing both knit and
woven
• Leveling dyeing
• Dyed fabric is durable
• Difficult to maintain uniform
temperature
• High liquor ratio
• Discontinuous dyeing
process
• Labor cost is high.
Date: 05.08.2017 ID: BTE-00905441
26. WASHING PROCESS:
There are 3 phase process of wash which is done after dyeing process
1. Hot rinsing before soaping process
- Eliminate concentration of salt and alkali as many as possible
- Avoid from the happening of precipitation of reactive dye
2. Soaping:
- Eliminate reactive dye pickings
- Increase power reactive dye diffusion to exit from surface of fibre
3. Hot rinsing after soaping.
- Help to prevents reactive dye pickings to return to surface of fabric
Date: 05.08.2017 ID: BTE-00905441
