3. Write:
Explain the major
social and economic
effects of
industrialization and
the influence of the
growth of organized
labor following
Reconstruction in the
United States.
Read:
The rise of
industrialization led to a
rapidly expanding
workforce. Labor
organizations grew
amidst unregulated
working conditions and
violence toward
supporters of organized
labor.
4. Find the answer:
The rise of
industrialization in
the United States
in the late 19th
and early 20th
centuries
increased the
demand (need) for
workers.
With this demand,
immigrants came
from other
countries and
Americans
migrated from
other parts of the
United States to
take jobs in
industrial centers.
5. Write:
It is a part of
capitalism/market economy
It calls for the complete
non-involvement of
government in the
economy.
The approach is one of
“hands-off”, in which
prices, quality and
competitive practices are
solely determined by
competition.
Read:
This approach was
advocated by the English
economist Adam Smith in
his work The Wealth of
Nations and followed by the
US government up until the
late 1800’s, early 1900’s
6. Write: Some
members of the
working class formed
labor organizations
(e.g., American
Railway Union,
American Federation
of Labor, Industrial
Workers of the World,
United Mine Workers
of America) to protect
their rights.
Write:
Workers sought to
address issues such as
working conditions,
wages and terms of
employment.
7. Write: The government had little concern for workers.
What was the laissez-faire climate concerning the government
in the late 1800s?
Note the sword is titled “legislation”
8. Write: Laissez-faire
resulted in business
being allowed to have
unsafe, unsanitary,
working conditions.
Businesses could pay
their workers as little as
they wanted. This
resulted in many abuses
being committed
against workers.
9. Write: Because the
U.S. government
allowed such
conditions to
develop, it later led
to the growth of
labor unions to
correct abuses
against workers
The lack of government
regulation affected the working
conditions of the laborers.
10. Laissez-faire
Climate
Laissez-faire climate of the late
1800s, the government had little
concern for welfare of workers
Many industrial workers were
scraping by on less than $500
per year.
Because of corporations political
influence on government, the
government grew uneasy about
the power of corporations.
The rich were VERY rich!!!!
1890 an estimated 10% of the
population held 75% of the
nation’s wealth creating a HUGE
inequality between the classes.
1890 Congress passed the
Sherman Antitrust Act. It made
it illegal to form trusts that
interfered with free trade.
The act wasn’t very powerful
because the government only
prosecuted a few companies,
but it was a first move away
from the government’s policy of
laissez-faire.
11. Cartoon Explanation:
Monopoly the ship on the
right, blasts Competition
the sinking ship. Uncle
Sam, far left, readies to
fire a tiny cannon from
Fort Legislation.
Write: The act was
ineffective because
the government
prosecuted only a few
companies.
12. Write: Workers had low wages; long hours; unsafe
working conditions; no benefits
13. Write:
During industrialization, the U.S. government took a
laissez-faire approach to business; the government
allowed the market to regulate itself without much
government interference.
Many businesses allowed unsafe working practices in
order to achieve higher profits.
Write:
As a result of unsafe working conditions, low wages
and long working hours, labor unions formed to fight
for federal regulation of working conditions
14. Write:
Many industry owners felt
threatened by the growth of
unions in the late 1800’s. They
rightly feared that union
growth could force them into
conceding higher wages,
improved conditions and
shorter work hours. In the
late 1800’s they were
successful in suppressing
strong union growth.
15. Unions kept on organizing.
In 1886 a group of workers
led by Samuel Gompers formed
the American Federation of
Labor (AFL).
The AFL won wage increases
and shorter workweeks.
16. Write:
Industrialization changed the way people
worked in United States:
Workers organized unions to
collectively bargain for various rights
within the workplace, such as:
regulated pay and hours,
and improved sanitary and safety
conditions.
18. Workers
Organize: The
American
Workforce
Many factory workers were
European immigrants
Others were rural Americans
who left the farm because farm
machines replaced them
Workers often worked 12-16
hours a day, worked 6 days a
week.
African-Americans generally held
lower paying jobs as laborers or
household help
The workplace was unhealthy,
poor sanitation, unsafe working
conditions, etc.
No paid vacation, no paid
holidays, no sick leave
May industrial workers were
children. By 1900 about 1 in 6
children ages 10-15 held a job
outside the home.
No compensation for work
injuries, which were common
19. Workers
Organize:
Workers protest against cut in wages
Workers from two railroad companies
blocked the movement of trains
The strike spread to other Railroad
companies stopping most freight
traffic for over a week
Violent clashes between workers and
militia led to numerous deaths
Mob violence in Pittsburgh caused
millions of dollars in damage
The Army was dispatched to end the
strike
20. Write:
Unions grew because
workers responded to
the violence against
supporters of
organized labor (e.g.,
Great Railroad Strike,
Haymarket Riot,
Homestead Strike,
Pullman Strike).
21. Write:
Someone threw a bomb,
and people panicked; 11
people dead; more than 100
injured.
Write:
People immediately blamed
foreign-born unionists
for the violence.
1. The American workforce
e.) The Haymarket Riot
22. Based on this time
line, what was one
way workers
responded to their
working conditions
between 1869 and
1902?
Write:
Based on this time line,
what was one way
workers responded to
their working conditions
between 1869 and 1902?
