2. States of Matter and the Particle
Model of Matter
Everything in the universe is made of
matter.
The desks, the trees, the air, and
everything else
3. Matter exists in three states:
◦ SOLID
◦ LIQUID
◦ GAS
◦ Matter can be changed between these
states by adding or removing heat energy
4.
5. Don’t Write!
In Canada, water outside goes through
all the state changes.
◦ Winter – Solid ice is seen on rivers and lakes
Weather warms up
◦ Spring – Ice begins to melt into water
Weather warms up
◦ Summer – Some water is evaporated into the
air
Weather cools down
◦ Fall – Ice begins to form on the lakes or
rivers
Weather cools down
6. SOLID melts into LIQUID
LIQUID melts into GAS
GAS condenses into LIQUID
LIQUID condenses into SOLID
9. Particle Model of Matter
1. All matter is made up of extremely tiny
particles
2. The tiny particles of matter are ALWAYS
moving
3. The particles have space between them
4. Adding Heat to matter makes the
particles move around faster
10. 1. Matter is made of tiny particles
These are much too small to see with
the human eye
We can only see it using highly
powerful tools called electron
microscopes
11.
12. 2. Matter particles are always
moving
This form of energy is known as
KINETIC ENERGY
Each particle has kinetic energy–
energy of movement
13.
14. 3. Space between particles
Different states of matter
(solid, liquid, or gas) have different
amounts of space between them.
15.
16. 4. Adding heat
Faster moving things have more
kinetic energy
Adding heat increases the kinetic
energy of the particle
17.
18. States of Matter and Volume
Solid
Because solid particles are so tightly packed together
it has a final shape and volume
Liquid
Liquid particles are a little looser attached than
solid, so they take the shape of their container
Gas
◦ Particles are not connected to each other at all. Takes
up as much space as its container allows