Assignment 1 Public Administration – The Good, the Bad, the Ugly hhhhhhh Modern Public Administration Prof. hhhhh Date: hhhhh The White House Issue: Health reforms The Health Care Reforms are the best obsession for the United States, Majorly most of the American citizens who were responsible for originating the improvement found it helpful. Back in the year 2011, a countrywide crackdown was conducted as a way to oppose the frauds that were becoming a health concern, and the federal administration recovered almost $ 4.1 billion. The Health Care Improvement for capturing the healthcare frauds and scams allowed President Obama’s policy to enhance on strict penalties like compensation and fines. By providing the United States citizens with Patient Protection as well as, ACA (Affordable Care Act) was the ultimate presidential success for President Barack Obama (.whitehouse., 2014). The public policy As most of the leaders decided to adopt a firm stand with the many important issues within the American State, the essential point was the definition of the improvement of the Health Care in the United States by President Barack Obama and when discussing the fitness and care reform a lot of issues are put on focus. The public policies are categorized into four groups which are the regulatory policy, the distributive policy, the redistributive policy and lastly the constituent policy. Every issue in the White House is organized it the way it is related to any of the four types of public systems (NCBI, 2016). The financial regime faces most of the significant issues, and many may need to be in a position to determine the problems which are related to funding system because some of these issues affect some of the American citizens. Distributive policy as mentioned above, it is a policy that focuses on supporting the selected issues; the strategy that is behind the distributive health care is the local understanding and having a flexible organizational design. The idea of distribution is quite broad as it classifies distributive policy action towards including all the public processes that are responsible for developing as well as providing equitable access to the resources. In regards to the health issues, this may have financial aid for assisting the excluded to have access to the healthcare. Also, across funding aid to assist in the inside operations of the health institutions such as the combination of threats which enhances the inclusion of reasonably inadequate health services. Also, the appointment systems facilitate the secondary concern for the needy to access health services (Mackintosh, 2013). It also reduces the shifts regarding the fitness care regime in processes that will be able to satisfy and offer the proper access to those who are deprived by supporting the distributive promises that the government has made and having full access to healthcare services. In this kind of shift, the significant disadvantage is ...

1. Assignment 1
Public Administration – The Good, the Bad, the Ugly
hhhhhhh
Modern Public Administration
Prof. hhhhh
Date: hhhhh
The White House Issue: Health reforms
The Health Care Reforms are the best obsession for the United
States, Majorly most of the American citizens who were
responsible for originating the improvement found it helpful.
Back in the year 2011, a countrywide crackdown was conducted
as a way to oppose the frauds that were becoming a health
concern, and the federal administration recovered almost $ 4.1
billion. The Health Care Improvement for capturing the

2. healthcare frauds and scams allowed President Obama’s policy
to enhance on strict penalties like compensation and fines. By
providing the United States citizens with Patient Protection as
well as, ACA (Affordable Care Act) was the ultimate
presidential success for President Barack Obama (.whitehouse.,
2014).
The public policy
As most of the leaders decided to adopt a firm stand with the
many important issues within the American State, the essential
point was the definition of the improvement of the Health Care
in the United States by President Barack Obama and when
discussing the fitness and care reform a lot of issues are put on
focus.
The public policies are categorized into four groups which
are the regulatory policy, the distributive policy, the
redistributive policy and lastly the constituent policy. Every
issue in the White House is organized it the way it is related to
any of the four types of public systems (NCBI, 2016). The
financial regime faces most of the significant issues, and many
may need to be in a position to determine the problems which
are related to funding system because some of these issues
affect some of the American citizens.
Distributive policy as mentioned above, it is a policy that
focuses on supporting the selected issues; the strategy that is
behind the distributive health care is the local understanding
and having a flexible organizational design. The idea of
distribution is quite broad as it classifies distributive policy
action towards including all the public processes that are
responsible for developing as well as providing equitable access
to the resources. In regards to the health issues, this may have
financial aid for assisting the excluded to have access to the
healthcare. Also, across funding aid to assist in the inside
operations of the health institutions such as the combination of
threats which enhances the inclusion of reasonably inadequate
health services. Also, the appointment systems facilitate the
secondary concern for the needy to access health services

3. (Mackintosh, 2013). It also reduces the shifts regarding the
fitness care regime in processes that will be able to satisfy and
offer the proper access to those who are deprived by supporting
the distributive promises that the government has made and
having full access to healthcare services. In this kind of shift,
the significant disadvantage is getting into context in areas
where the fitness care reforms are related to marketing which
openly legalizes uneven access.
Policy Alteration and modification
The policy alterations that may ultimately impact the
distributive policy are the clear income definition and the
increased small-income funding support concerning drug
coverage.
Increased small income funding support concerning drug
coverage
Following the Distributive Policy Medicare is responsible for
subsidizing the drugs profit for the American citizens that are
under or at a hundred and fifty percent of the intermediate
poverty level and those with restricted properties. The health
improvement law has several provisions for making the
financial aid to be much better (NCBI, 2016). For example, if a
particular couple may qualify for funding support for a whole
year and in the midst of the year one of the spouse dies the
spouse left may persist on continuing to receive the funding
support for the entire year before her or his eligibility is
predetermined. Additionally, the funding support may also be
provided below the law of improvement to ensure the
development and understanding of the financial backing before
qualified individuals sign up for the help.
Simplified Income Definition
The Distributive Policy allows the health reforms to be able
to look for eligible regulations which will make things easier
for the different programs as well as for the new tax credits.
The different policies in the House suggestions are reliable, and
the legislation finally matches the income definitions to be able
to create a more accessible system for the beneficiaries to be in

4. a position to find a way to manage the States and the Federal
Government. Through the alteration of the of defined profits
which are utilized to assist in the customized gross income to
adjusted customized total benefit, which will be more easier to
apply. Also by establishing a five percent of the disregarded
income some eligibility for Medicaid strengthens the minds to
have no difficulty with an alteration from the States’ that are
currently utilizing the profit disregards. They are also using the
reconciliation method to streamline the income to be able to
shape the tax credit as well as reduce cost sharing: and even by
simplifying the contribution through tax treatment to be able to
have a fully developed and dependent coverage.
Some of the policy modifications that may have a negative
impact on the Distributive policy are the delayed and
improvement of the Health Insurance suppliers fees and not
ensuring efficient execution.
Delayed and improvement of the Health Insurance suppliers fees
As same as the drug business, the Distributive Policy in the
health insurance business does not achieve when more
Americans sign up for the health insurance coverage. The
legislation on health improvement does not authorize an
evaluation regarding the company which is starting to coincide
with a much broad exposure with provisions that are considered
not expandable for the marketplace related to the contributors of
the health insurance.
Also, it provides limited distribution of strategies which
serve the essential aim for the community, counting non- profits
which do not exceed 80 percent of their total earnings. Which
are from the program’s rule that is targeting the elderly
population and the low income population as well as the
voluntary employees’ form the beneficiary associations that are
not established by the employer. The entire stipulation is
estimated to reduce a total of $40 billion over the next ten years
Not ensuring Effective execution
The Distributive policy provides the change in the
improvement of the health insurance which needs successful,

5. deliberate, precise and careful implementation. The legislation
on health improvement may be suitable to one billion dollars for
the management in regards to the execution of the growth of the
health insurance policies.
Also, a lot of policies are delayed to be able to ensure that a
successful implementation has had an excellent transition
through the elimination of the expenses assumption. That is not
allowable by the Medicare’s financial support of section D,
discovery credit for healing, the pharmaceutical and the
business fee for the medical devices. Also the Society First
Choice Act and the business fee for health insurance.
The constitution
The three methods that I would suggest through which the law
provides power to Congress to be able to address the
government role on health reform are the protection of the
social trust fund, hospital and other payments adjustments and
the improvement of the justices for the central financing for the
States (NCBI, 2013).
Protection of the social fund
Improvement of the health services proves that the
significant finances will be changed to Social Protection Trust
Fund to ensure that the legislation harmlessly holds them.
Hospital and other fees adjustments
The health reforms lessen the reduction in the Federal
Medicare and Medicaid DSH compensation $4 billion over the
next ten years. It changes the output of the market basket to
have extra time for health services as well as to adjust to the
changes. The changes of the effective date altered as per
physician-owned health facilities. It also implements the
strategy of the House on 340B which facilitates the cost of
accessing drugs as well as the reformulations of Medicaid. Also,
it also enhances imaging investments.
Improvement of the justices for the central financing for the
States
The states have been in association with the Federal
management in the creation of the protection for healthcare for

6. individuals with low-income net and the susceptible population.
They administer and share the cost of Medicaid and the Health
insurance program for children.
References
.whitehouse. (2014). healthreform. Retrieved from .whitehouse.:
https://www.whitehouse.gov/healthreform
Mackintosh, M. (2013). Inequality and Redistribution in health
care. Retrieved from .unrisd:
http://www.unrisd.org/80256B3C005BCCF9/(httpAuxPages)/A8
00317DD15C2E6BC1256C7C003822C2/$file/macklong.pdf
NCBI. (2013). Is Health Care a Right? Health Reforms in the
USA and their Impact. Retrieved from ncbi:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4326121
NCBI. (2016). United States Health Care Reform Progress to
Date and Next Steps. Retrieved from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5069435/
Name:
ENGL 281 Final Project: A Narrative of your Grammar
Due Date: This assignment is due at the end of Week 8.
General Directions: As a final project for ENGL 281, you will
submit a narrative that describes your journey through the
course. You will want to keep track of your progress throughout
the course in order to complete this project. In the narrative,
you will want to address the following required elements:

7. 1. Your level of knowledge about grammar at the beginning of
the course.
2. What happened to your understanding about grammar
throughout the course—providing specific examples of how
your knowledge was expanded, corrected, or affirmed.
3. Your level of knowledge about grammar at the end of the
course.
While this assignment may first appear simplistic, don’t be
fooled. You will have to describe not only your journey but
your understanding of grammatical concepts and how they
evolved or changed.
In the end, you will want to present a compelling story about
your work with grammar and to document that story with
concrete and correct descriptions of grammatical concepts. To
help you with those descriptions, be sure to look at some of the
topics for Assignments 1 and 2 where you are asked to describe
grammar (and the underlying rules).
This assignment also allows you not only to exhibit correct
grammar in your writing but also to bring in elements of style
(as discussed in Week 8). A conscious writer works at multiple
levels when constructing a piece of writing: moving from
sentence-to-sentence to keep the reader engaged with the
entirety of the writing.
The length of the narrative should be at least four pages,
double-spaced, but no longer than five pages. It should be
formatted in the MLA documentation style. If you use outside
resources, they should be documented both within the paper and
presented on a Works Cited page. For assistance with MLA
formatting, see MLA Formatting and Style Guide and MLA
Sample Paper.

8. Leadership and Ethics
In this assignment, you will explore how ethical behaviors can
impact the issue you selected in Assignment 1.
Write a four to five (4-5) page paper in which you:
1. Propose two (2) ethical concerns that management may need
to address related to the issue you selected in Assignment 1.
(the issue I selected is "healthcare reform" & the assignment 1
is attached separately) Provide a rationale for your response.
2. Analyze the overall manner in which organizational structure
impacts organizational ethics. Select one (1) public agency in
the USA or one (1) non-profit organization in the USA in which
the ethical concerns related to the issue you selected may not be
considered unethical. Provide a rationale for your response.
3. Use the Inventory of Public Management Skills Management,
located on pages 11 to 12 of the textbook (attached), to
construct a self-evaluation. Assess your level of development in
each of the skills. Discuss two to three (2-3) activities that
would affect your ability as a leader to address the ethical
concerns discussed in Question 1.
4. Based on the response in Question 3, discuss two to three (2-
3) strategies you will implement to become an effective public
administrator.
5. Include at least four (4) peer-reviewed references (no more
than five [5] years old) from material outside the textbook.
Note: Appropriate peer-reviewed references include scholarly
articles and governmental Websites Wikipedia, other wikis, and
any other Websites ending in anything other than “.gov” do not
qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
1. Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size
12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references
must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your

9. professor for any additional instructions.
2. Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment,
the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and
the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included
in the required assignment page length.
From pages 11-12 of the text
· An Inventory of Public Management Skills
One way to elaborate on an action approach is to create an
inventory of the skills and competencies required for successful
public and nonprofit management. There are many ways such an
inventory can be constructed. One of the best ways is to talk
with public and nonprofit managers about their work, as we
suggest in exercise 1 at the end of the chapter. Several research
studies have sought to answer this question by identifying the
skills that are critical to managerial success. Of these studies,
an early study by the federal government's Office of Personnel
Management (OPM) is particularly helpful (Flanders &
Utterback, 1985). The OPM study was based on information
gathered from a large number of highly effective federal
managers and produced a description of the broad elements of
managerial performance at the supervisory, managerial, and
executive levels.
Networking
Websites dealing with management issues at the federal level
include the Office of Personnel Management at
-w-w-w-.-o-p-m-.-g-o-v and those services listed at
-w-w-w-.-u-s-a-.-g-o-v. You might also be interested in the
websites of the following: Governing magazine at
-w-w-w-.-g-o-v-e-r-n-i-n-g-.-c-o-m; the Chronicle of
Philanthropy at -w-w-w-.-p-h-i-l-a-n-t-h-r-o-p-y-.-c-o-m;
Government Executive magazine at
-w-w-w-.-g-o-v-e-x-e-c-.-c-o-m; and The Public Manager at

10. -w-w-w-.-t-h-e-p-u-b-l-i-c-m-a-n-a-g-e-r-.-o-r-g.
According to the OPM study, the competencies of managers
include being sensitive to agency policies and national
concerns; representing the organization and acting as a liaison
to those outside the organization; establishing organizational
goals and the processes to carry them out; obtaining and
allocating necessary resources to achieve the agency's purposes;
effectively utilizing human resources; and monitoring,
evaluating, and redirecting the work of the organization. But the
OPM researchers recognized that managerial excellence requires
not only doing the job, but doing it well. For this reason, they
developed a set of skills, attitudes, and perspectives that seemed
to distinguish the work of highly successful managers.
Different skills are required at different levels. As managers
move up the organizational ladder, they must accumulate
increasingly broader sets of skills. The researchers suggest, for
example, that first-line supervisors must apply communication
skills, interpersonal sensitivity, and technical competence to
ensure effective performance on their own part and within the
work unit. In addition, their actions must begin to reflect those
characteristics in the next ring: leadership, flexibility, an action
orientation, and a focus on results.
Middle managers, on the other hand, must demonstrate all these
characteristics of effectiveness and begin to acquire the skills
listed in the outer ring: a broad perspective, a strategic view,
and environmental sensitivity. Executives at the highest levels
of public service who are responsible for the accomplishment of
broad agency objectives must demonstrate the full complement
of effectiveness characteristics to be most successful. Clearly, a
wide diversity of skills, regardless of how the job is constructed
or of the style in which it is executed, will be essential to your
success as a manager.
A more recent study by the OPM elaborated the core
qualifications expected of the highest-level government
executives, in this case focusing on those characterizing the
Senior Executive Service. This study first presented five

11. executive core qualifications: leading change, leading people,
results driven, business acumen, and building coalitions. These
qualifications were complemented by six “competencies”:
interpersonal skills, oral communication skills, integrity or
honesty, written communication skills, continual learning, and
public service motivation
(http://-w-w-w-.-o-p-m-.-g-o-v-/-s-e-s-/-r-e-c-r-u-i-t-m-e-n-t-/-q
-u-a-l-i-f-y-.-a-s-p).
2