Running head Database and Data Warehousing design1Database and.docx

Running head: Database and Data Warehousing design 1
Database and Data Warehousing Design 3
Database and Data Warehousing Design
Thien Thai
CIS599
Professor Wade M. Poole
Strayer University
Feb 20, 2020
Database and Data Warehousing Design
Introduction
Technology has highly revolutionized the world of business –
hence presenting more challenges and opportunities for
businesses. Companies which fail to embrace and incorporate
technology in their operations risks being edged out of the
market due to stiff competition witnessed in the market today.
On the flipside, cloud-based technology allows businesses to
“easily retrieve and store valuable data about their customers,
products, and employees.” Data is an important component that
help to support core business decisions. In today’s highly
competitive and constantly evolving business world, embracing
cloud-based technology business managers an opportunity to
make informed and result-oriented decisions regarding day-to-
day organizational operations (Dimitriu & Matei, 2015).
Notably, business growth and competitiveness depends on its
ability to transform data into information. Data warehousing
and adoption of relational databases are some of cloud-based
technologies which have positively impacted on businesses. The

two technologies have had a strategic value to companies –
helping them to have the extra edge over their competitors. Both
data warehousing and relational databases help businesses to
“take smart decisions in a smarter manner.” However, failure to
adopt these cloud-based technologies has hindered business
executives’ ability to make experienced-based and fact-based
decisions which are vital to business survival. Both “databases
and data warehouses are relational data systems” which serve
different and equally crucial roles within an organization. For
instance, data warehousing helps to support management
decisions while relational databases help to perform ongoing
business transactions in real-time. Basically, embracing cloud-
based technologies within the organization will help to give the
company a competitive advantage in the market. However, the
adoption and maintenance of such technologies require full
support and endorsement of the business management.
Organizational management must understand the feasibility,
functionality, and the importance of embracing such
technologies. Movement towards relational databases and data
warehousing requires a lot of funding –hence the need to
convince the management to support and fund them. This paper
seeks to explore the concepts of data warehousing, relational
databases, their importance to the business, as whey as their
design.
“Importance of Data Warehousing and Relational Databases”
Today, technology has changed the market landscape. Business
are striving to adopt cloud-based technology in order to improve
efficiency in business functions –among them analytical queries
as well as transactional operations. Both relational databases
and data warehousing are two indispensable cloud-based
technologies which can offer unparalleled benefits to the
organization as far as data manipulation, management, and
analysis is concerned.
Relational databases use OLTP to allow businesses “store
current transactions and enable fast access to specific
transactions for ongoing business processes” (Letkowski,

2015).Conversely, data warehouse uses OLAP to “store large
quantities of historical data and enable fast, complex queries
across all data” (Sohrabi et al., 2016). Generally, the two
technologies are both relational data software though they serve
different purposes. However, both relational databases and data
warehouses can be used to improve internal organizational
functions for the purpose of enhancing efficiency and
competitiveness.
Relational databases offer the following benefits:
· Accuracy: Data stored in relational databases is reliable and
accurate since the issue of data redundancy is eliminated.
· Flexibility: Relational databases are very flexible and they
allow users to conduct multiple complex queries in an easily
and timely manner.
· Trustworthy: The model used in relational databases is quite
simple and reliable. The issue of data integrity is well catered
for.
· Collaboration: It allows all the team members in an
organization to access the same database with minimal strain.
· Security: The organizational management can instruct
database managers to allow only a few selected members of the
team to access specific data from the database. Basically, only
authorized users can be allowed to access the data stored in
relational databases –hence ensuring data security (Munir &
Anjum, 2018). Thus, this data cannot be manipulated quite
easily.
· Real-time data update: Relational databases are quite fast and
effective –hence allowing real-time data manipulation and
updates.
On the other hand, data warehousing is perceived as the most
advanced business intelligence tool which has “gained a lot of
popularity in recent times.” Data warehouse has increasingly
become vital to business since they help to:
· Support business decisions: Currently, successful businesses
rely on informed decision making in regard to various issues
affecting the organization. Data warehousing offers decision

makers with data-driven facts that facilitate the decision-making
process. Through queries and analysis of the data that exists in
data warehouses, business managers gain key insights which
guide the process of making fact-based decisions which help the
business to stay ahead of the competitors (Shahid et al., 2016).
· Ensure consistency: Notably, data warehouses consist of data
collected from various sources using a uniform format. Thus,
data in warehouses in standardized –something that helps “to
reduce the risk of error in interpretation and improves overall
accuracy.” This helps to provide reliable and unbiased data that
can be used to facilitate informed decisions.
· Enhance efficiency: Data warehouses carry the organization’s
history can be accessed quite easily by clicking a few buttons.
This helps to make comparisons which ensures that improved
decisions are made in future.
· Generate High ROI: Data warehouses help to save the
company from unnecessary costs hence improving the overall
return on investment.
Database Schema
Effective data management requires proper designing of a data
schema. Poorly designed schemas are hard to maintain and
administer. Basically, the following will help to design a
relational database schema:
· Focus on Business Requirements: All parts of businesses
processes must be captured in a database schema. The business
useful information must be captured in the design
· Security Definition: The security of the schema must be given
a top priority in order to protect the data in the database.
Defining the security level will help to clear give or deny users
access to the tables.
· Physical layout: This helps to clearly define the data
environment and attributes. All the objects must be mapped
before engaging in actual creation of the schema.
· Naming conventions: It is equally vital to define and name the
attributes surrounding each element. Data types also must be
named correctly in order to support “successful development

and query performance.”
Figure 1: Database Schema
Database Tables
Product
Product ID
Description
1
Diet Coke #1
2
Diet Coke #2
3
Diet Coke #3
Flavor
Flavor ID
Description
1
Lemon
2
Vanilla
3
Cherry
4
Splenda
Primary key is used to identify each unique row in a database
table. In the product table for instance, Product ID is the
primary key that identified each unique coke diet product.
A foreign key can be used to bring out the relationship between
the above two tables hence allowing the user to navigate
between “two instances of an entity” (Cleve et al., 2015). For
instance, the two tables can be combined to establish the flavor
of each product.
For instance:

Product ID
Flavor
Product Description
1
3
Diet Coke #1
2
1
Diet Coke #2
3
2
Diet Coke #3
Notably, foreign key is used to maintain the integrity of data in
the tables through a concept known as “Referential Integrity.”
Normalization of the two tables:
Product ID
Product Flavor
1
3
2
1
2
1
3
2
Entity-Relationship (ER)
This shows the relationship between two entities –customer and
order. Customer ID and Order Id are two unique attributes
linking the two.
Figure 2: Entity Relationship
Data Flow Diagram
Figure 3:DFD

Warehouse Data Flow
This involves the flow of data in and out of the company data
warehouse. This helps to support various organizational
decisions.
Figure 4: Data flow in and out of the data warehouse
Conclusion
Today, cloud-based technologies have transformed the world of
business –presenting both opportunities to businesses.
Relational databases and data warehousing are two major cloud-
based technologies that have increasingly played a significant
role in enhancing business performance and efficiency. The stiff
competition in contemporary business world requires businesses
to embrace technology in order to support day-to-day
operations. Failure to keep up with this paradigm shift puts
businesses at a risk of being edged out of the market. Thus, this
paper presents a comprehensive examination of cloud-based
technologies –majorly relational databases and data
warehousing –their importance, design, and why businesses
should invest in them.
References
Cleve, A., Gobert, M., Meurice, L., Maes, J., & Weber, J.
(2015). Understanding database schema evolution: A case study.
Science of Computer Programming, 97, 113-121. Retrieved
from:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167642313
003092.
Dimitriu, O., & Matei, M. (2015). Cloud accounting: a new
business model in a challenging context. Procedia Economics
and Finance, 32, 665-671. Retrieved from:
https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/48569163/C
loud_Accounting_-
_A_New_Business_Model_in_a_Challenging_Context_EMQFB_
2014.pdf?response-content-
disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DCloud_Accounting_a_n

ew_business_model_in.pdf.
Letkowski, J. (2015). Doing database design with MySQL.
Journal of Technology Research, 6, 1. Retrieved from:
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/110a/fc7772105887b41f21ebf6
d647f5481b5b48.pdf?_ga=2.155871288.202724250.1582330552
-685443616.1564043645.
Munir, K., & Anjum, M. S. (2018). The use of ontologies for
effective knowledge modelling and information retrieval.
Applied Computing and Informatics, 14(2), 116-126. Retrieved
from:
300649.
Shahid, M. B., Sheikh, U., Raza, B., Shah, M. A., Kamran, A.,
Anjum, A., & Javaid, Q. (2016). Application of data warehouse
in real life: State-of-the-art survey from user preferences’
perspective. International Journal of Advanced Computer
Science and Applications, 7(4), 415-426. Retrieved from:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Munam_Shah/publication/
301770422_Application_of_Data_Warehouse_in_Real_Life_Stat
e-of-_the-
art_Survey_from_User_Preferences'_Perspective/links/5726f9c6
08ae262228b21772.pdf.
Sohrabi, M. K., & Ghods, V. (2016). Materialized View
Selection for a Data Warehouse Using Frequent Itemset Mining.
Jcp, 11(2), 140-148. Retrieved from:
http://www.jcomputers.us/vol11/jcp1102-07.pdf.
Running head: CLOUD TECHNOLOGY AND
VIRTUALIZATION 1

CLOUD TECHNOLOGY AND VIRTUALIZATION9
Cloud Technology and Virtualization
Thien Thai
CIS599
Strayer University
Feb 25, 2020
Cloud Technology and Virtualization
Introduction
Virtualization in cloud computing is where a user of cloud
technology is able to share the data in the cloud such as
application software. It provides a virtual environment in the
cloud. In virtualization, the software application and server
needed by the providers of cloud technology are maintained by
third parties. This allows reductions in costs in introducing new
versions of an application and its release to customers. This
paper looks into cloud technology and virtualization, the need
for the two, expected cost savings, possible reductions of human
capital, and competitive advantage.
Support the need for the use of cloud technology and
virtualization within the company.
Cloud computing and virtualization entails making a virtual

platform made up of server storage devices and operating
systems. This assists the user through the provision of multiple
machines concurrently and in a way that allows the sharing of
instances of applications or resources to multiple users.
Virtualization helps manage workloads by making computing
increasingly efficient, economical and scalable (Marappan,
2017). One of the key features of virtualization in cloud
computing is that it allows applications to be shared with
multiple companies and customers.
Cloud computing can be envisaged as platform as a service,
software as a service and infrastructure as a service.
Infrastructure as a service is computing, networking and storage
infrastructure i.e. a virtualized environment being offered on
the internet. Platform as a service is where implementation,
testing, and creation of a computing platform is facilitated
without the need for maintenance and purchase of needed
infrastructure and additional software. Lastly, software as a
service is where applications, management, and an interface are
provided i.e. a complete operating environment is provided.
Cloud computing is where applications and services are
delivered to help a virtualized environment that can either be
private or public (Hawilo, 2019). Users are able to reduce the
needed physical systems and maximize resources with the help
of virtualization.
Virtualization can be in one of the following types. Storage
virtualization where physical storage from numerous storage
devices is grouped in a way that it looks like only one storage
device. Hardware virtualization where virtual machine software
is installed in the hardware system. Server virtualization where
software is directly installed on the server system. The
utilization of a single physical server can be divided into
numerous servers balancing the load and is accessible on
demand. Lastly, operating system virtualization where virtual
machine software is installed in the host’s operating system and
not on the hardware system. Virtualization can be beneficial as
follows.

Better data transfer. Data can be retrieved or transferred to the
virtual server at any time. This means that there is no need to
use hard drives to look for data. Data can be easily allocated
and transferred where it is needed in a way that is not curtailed
by any size limits (Zhang et al., 2017). This is provided in
virtualization after paying minimum fees and additional storage
can also be provided.
Reduced risk of system failure. Virtualization helps users
perform similar tasks in multiple devices concurrently. Data can
be stored in the cloud and can be retrieved from any device and
at any time. There are two servers that work together to ensure
the accessibility of data and if one crashes, the data is still
accessible through the other one.
Flexibility. Business operations can become more agile and
efficient with the help of a virtual network. This means that
technical issues in physical systems can be resolved eliminating
the need for recovering data from corrupted devices (Ren et al.,
2017). This is time-saving and implements such as the network
switch allow for increased flexibility.
Security. Security can be facilitated using firewalls that would
ensure confidentiality and prevent unauthorized access. This
means that data can be protected from cyber threats including
malware and viruses. Encryption happens in a way that there are
protocols that help secure the data. This means that users can
securely virtualize data stores and creates backups on the
server.
Assess expected cost savings in hardware infrastructure.
Costs savings of virtualization and cloud computing for
hardware infrastructure are as follows.
Better backups. Virtualizations means that businesses can back
up their entire data centers in a way that is less demanding. This
is due to the fact that virtual machines take server snapshots
that are updated and redeploys them to another device
seamlessly (Pandey et al., 2017). Virtual backups reduce the
time needed for server reboots, unlike physical servers that
require the creation of backups of current and server data.

Less hardware. Virtualization eliminates the need to purchase
more hardware in order to supplement company requirements.
There is no need to update and maintain unnecessary hardware
which translates to less money and time spent on running and
maintaining servers and also undertaking support activities.
Lower costs of electricity. Data centers, personal computers,
and servers require huge amounts of electricity to cool the
environment the machines operate and to power the machines
themselves (Liu et al., 2017). The consolidation of hardware
and software operations on lesser servers means that the
business can reduce its carbon footprint and energy demand by
using less electricity.
Savings through the consolidation of hardware. Instead of
running numerous servers with minimal energy efficiency,
virtualization allows the user to consolidate workloads into a
few servers or even none at all.
Determine the possible reductions of human capital that can be
realized from implementing cloud and virtualization
technologies.
Successful implementation of virtualization and cloud
technology means that reduced human capital is required. This
can be seen in virtualized servers that run numerous computing
environments reducing the number of server administrators
needed to only one or two. Virtualization not only enables the
concurrent running of computing environments but also ensures
the support of different applications. The management and
configuration of resources are done using a simple interface that
enables access to programs and data (Gowri, 2019). This means
that less human capital is needed for these roles and also in
terms of support for and maintenance of data centers as the
number of servers needed will be reduced in virtualization.
Figure 1: Cloud and Virtualization Technology Alignment with
Business Processes
Provide a compelling recommendation for solution providers
and partners that could help the company secure a firm

competitive advantage by using cloud and virtualization
technologies.
The ability to undertake analysis of big data in cloud computing
systems using virtualization creates a competitive advantage
through affordability and access to complex software for
organizations. Traditionally, analysis of big data required the
acquisition of expensive hardware, licensing and software
platforms on the cloud. This meant that businesses could hardly
have any competitive advantage by using cloud systems due to
the huge costs involved (Li et al., 2019). Current big data
analytics on the cloud do not need sophisticated technical
expertise to compute.
The improvements of competitive advantage drawn from
collaboration systems using cloud computing are a result of the
rapid exchange of decision capable information to the
consumers of decision information. The sharing of decision
information in cloud platforms from any type and format of
information enables higher levels of value and business
collaboration through decision analysis, speed, and accuracy.
Conclusion
Cloud computing and virtualization are crucial to how
businesses can effectively and efficiently conduct business in
the future. These systems allow for cost reductions and
competitive advantage by ensuring that the computing
environment of the business is accessible from any location at
any given time. Businesses no longer need to invest heavily in
hardware infrastructure as the development of virtualization and
cloud computing means that businesses can have computing
facilitation online and in a way that is remotely accessible.
These systems are secure and enable backups that are virtual.
They also do not break down easily and ensure that if a single
server fails, another server can provide the needed information
or resources. This paper looks into cloud technology and
virtualization, the need for the two, expected cost savings,
possible reductions of human capital, and competitive
advantage.

References
Gowri, A. S. (2019). Impact of Virtualization Technologies in
the Development and Management of Cloud
Applications. International Journal of Intelligent Systems and
Applications in Engineering, 7(2), 104-110. Retrieved from
https://www.ijisae.org/IJISAE/article/download/891/588
Hawilo, H., Jammal, M., & Shami, A. (2019). Network function
virtualization-aware orchestrator for service function chaining
placement in the cloud. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in
Communications, 37(3), 643-655. Retrieved from
https://www.eng.uwo.ca/oc2/publications/thepublicationpdfs/20
19NFVOrchestrator.pdf
Li, X., Chen, R., Zhang, B., & Li, C. (2019, February). A
Dynamic Memory Allocation Approach Based on Balloon
Technology on Virtualization Platform. In Journal of Physics:
Conference Series (Vol. 1169, No. 1, p. 012038). IOP
Publishing. Retrieved from
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-
6596/1169/1/012038/pdf
Liu, X. F., Shahriar, M. R., Al Sunny, S. N., Leu, M. C., & Hu,
L. (2017). Cyber-physical manufacturing cloud: Architecture,
virtualization, communication, and testbed. Journal of
Manufacturing Systems, 43, 352-364. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Md_Rakib_Shahriar/public
ation/316548500_Cyber-
physical_manufacturing_cloud_Architecture_virtualization_com

munication_and_testbed/links/5beb25f992851c6b27bd01bf/Cybe
r-physical-manufacturing-cloud-Architecture-virtualization-
communication-and-testbed.pdf
Marappan, S., & Dhandapani, S. (2017). Efficient Virtualization
Technique for Cloud to Achieve Optimal Resource
Allocation. Journal of Information Science &
Engineering, 33(3). Retrieved from
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&profile=eho
st&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=10162364&asa=Y&AN=
123362504&h=uGk97X%2F5BFMweunW9Un8FKNTw2EX87y
WyQU1SXzOh3ay0%2Fyc99VSvE5EOivj8%2BMc%2BK34woB
lMVf55KFEuubXyg%3D%3D&crl=c
Pandey, D. R., Mishra, B., & Tripathi, S. K. (2017). Operating
System Based Virtualization Models in Cloud
Computing. International Journal of Computer, Electrical,
Automation, Control and Information Engineering, 11(3), 284-
287. Retrieved from
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/46c9/d9d971f1a0e8f658e3fd62
93c1061e5209b3.pdf
Ren, J., Qi, Y., Dai, Y., Xuan, Y., & Shi, Y. (2017). Nosv: A
lightweight nested-virtualization VMM for hosting high
performance computing on cloud. Journal of Systems and
Software, 124, 137-152. Retrieved from
302151
Zhang, Y., Zhang, G., Liu, Y., & Hu, D. (2017). Research on
services encapsulation and virtualization access model of
machine for cloud manufacturing. Journal of Intelligent
Manufacturing, 28(5), 1109-1123. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yang_Liu57/publication/2
73742084_Research_on_services_encapsulation_and_virtualizat
ion_access_model_of_machine_for_cloud_manufacturing/links/
555f472208ae8c0cab30aeaf/Research-on-services-
encapsulation-and-virtualization-access-model-of-machine-for-
cloud-manufacturing.pdf

Security
Flexible Data Transfer
Competitive Advantage
Economical
Flexible Operations
Less Risk of System Failure
Running Head: INFRASTRUCTURE
1
INFRASTRUCTURE
9

Infrastructure
Thien Thai
CIS599
Strayer University
March 1, 2020
Infrastructure
Introduction
The network infrastructure contains the hardware and software
parts; the two components will help have a complete resource
for the network and help have the network connectivity,
communication, operations, and management of the system to be
more comfortable. The infrastructure provides the
communication path and the services that are shared within the
network so that there can be complete communication with the
end-users, processes, applications, and services that will help
have the best end to end communication (Nelson, at el 2019).
The infrastructure contains vulnerabilities, network security
issues that should be taken into account so that there could be
proper evaluation and management of the network. Security
measures are supposed to be implemented as per the type of
infrastructure that is laid in the organization.
The paper will also cover the cloud technology that has been the
most trending technology that has been helping many
organizations in storing their data since it provides a large
storage space that helps the organization cover up their data.
The paper will also focus on how cloud technology has
benefited firms in providing cheap storage, the type of
challenges that they are facing on the cloud technology and the
type of advances that have taken place over the years on making

sure that the technology meets the needs of the users. The
paper will also cover virtualization for the networks and how
well it has facilitated the advancements of technology and
having the best ways of having many users accessing one
resource from different points or internet protocols (Wei at el
2017).
The paper will also cover diagrams on the logical and physical
diagrams of the infrastructure, explaining the tools that are
involved in the topology and how they benefit the transmission
of the network. The diagram will also have a wide view of how
planning is important due to the implementation of networks in
an organization and have the best ways of handling situations
that have made the network to be vulnerable. The paper will
also involve tools like servers, bridges, and switches on their
importance in the infrastructure.
Possible network infrastructure vulnerabilities
Network vulnerability is things that can pose potential attacks
or security issues towards the network infrastructure that has
been in the recent trend. This can be a virus, incorrect
configurations of the system, passwords that are written on
sticky pads. Network vulnerability is a network exposure that
will lead to security issues that will have a large impact when
its breeched and have a big transformative way of having the
process of putting the measures in an appropriate manner
(Jenelius at el 2015).
Through the years, passwords have been points of vulnerability;
this has been happening in a way that people do not make good
passwords that would not be guessed, and they get it correctly.
The system administrators provide mechanisms that will support
the passphrase of passwords and having a way of containing
securities of the infrastructures. Policy-based administration is
one of the ways they passwords vulnerability is being handled
through following the formats that are provided by the
administrator (Nazarnia at el 2018). The infrastructure
sometimes suffers denial of service attack through this

mechanism; the user will find difficulties in accessing his space
and getting the concept of having the manner in which his
passwords have being incubated. The complex passwords can be
obtained by getting the concept of network security maintenance
that will help keep the passwords .
Data backup issues and user tracking has been another issue that
has been paramount in the infrastructure and vulnerability of
information. The ability to restore important files and system
failure to prior state is crucial for the infrastructure to continue
functioning appropriately. Having full disaster recovery either
when the data is lost, corrupted, or encrypted in most cases, it
requires the ability to start its operations when the disaster has
happened and recover up to the normal standards. Backups are
required infrequent intervals and frequent system testing that
will help have the ability to restore the system files and cases
that will make the sudden loss of large data frames that will
lead to making incidents that have to ensure normal enclosure
of responses (Corley, at el 2015). When coupled with good audit
mechanisms and best ways of having disaster management to
complete, the sudden ways of source failures will help cover up
the vulnerabilities that may happen, thus having a complete
disaster accountability system breech.
The security mechanisms that should be impacted in the systems
should be improvised in a manner they are helping reduce losses
and recovering the data that will be lost. Also, improvising
sensors will help have alerts of the security intrusions of the
infrastructure. Implementation of authentications and
authorization mechanisms will help have the best way of
monitoring the vulnerability of the infrastructure and having
account of the system (Seo at el 2017). Through accountability,
it will help have the exact measure and knowhow of how has
been in the system and what he was doing when he was in the
system. This will help have the monitoring and checking of the
infrastructure, thus ensuring that all mechanisms are working
appropriately. Installation of firewalls will help have the best
way of ensuring Durex malware and Trojans are not intruding

into the system and having the control. The firewall will have
full prevention of the servers and other infrastructures that are
mainly for data stores and data transfers since the firewall helps
to filter and send alerts of any malicious intrusions that may
happen to enter into the system without the administrator’s
settings.
DHCP core
Public recourses
Mail/HTTPS
Logical topology
The structure shows how communication takes place from the
servers to the users in public and the website that is presented
in HTTPS and the mail server that stores the mail
communications. The DHCP helps the communications and
addressing the emails to the core.
PC1 PC2
PC3
Physical topology
Illustration
Security policy
Protect the company infrastructure and assets by applying the
principals if the CIA
The CIA consists of the confidentiality, integrity, and
availability of data in the system.
Confidentiality is all about having the information private and

encrypted from unauthorized people (Ogie at el 2017). This can
be achieved through having the information encrypted that it is
only the owner of the information can be able to access the
information. The encryption keys are private, and they would
help have the best ways of having the details. The operating
machine can be put under a hidden Mac address that will help
have the non-traceable tracking of the activities that are taking
place by the user in the infrastructure. The authentication and
authorized people only will be allowed to access the system.
The principle has the integrity of the information; thus, the data
must be kept in a trustworthy manner so that they can have a
way of having the best validations of the infrastructure. The
data that is transmitted within the infrastructure has to come
from trustworthy sources. The data has to be stored in a place
that it will not get tampered with thus increasing the integrity of
the information. Through integrity, there is the employment of
information security that will also help in making decisions
over the resources that are stored in the data sets.
The availability of the data flow is another principle that allows
the data to be available on the authorized people. This
framework is done through having the best way of having users
access the resources, and they must be authorized and maintain
the integrity of the data that is flowing through the
infrastructure (Bao-yang, 2015). The three factors mainly affect
each other once one is violated; the other is affected in the same
measure. Therefore, the principle has to be followed thoroughly
so that they can have the best way of having the mandates of
having data integrity and securities that will help have the best
infrastructure.
Ethical aspects of employee behavior, contractors, password
usage and access into the networked resources and information
Employees should handle the network with a lot of care so that
they can have a continuous flow of data in their workplace.
They should respect the security policies that are set by the
organization and the manner they should take their

considerations when there is a problem. The employees should
ensure that the network and their data have passwords that are
strong or passwords that are related and in the format that the
network administrator has provided to them. Passwords are
sensitive, and they have the key root to the safety of the data
that they should be having within the infrastructure (CHEN, at
el 2015). The passwords should not be written and left on the
working desks because they will lead to someone who is not
authorized to access the data or sabotage the details without the
knowledge of the owner.
In conclusion, network infrastructure is a sensitive tool that
should be taken into considerations when they are implementing
the network. Network vulnerability has been the most recent
aspect that has been serious in the security and infrastructure.
Additionally, organizations should keep awareness to employees
on the importance of network securities since they many get
involved in some vulnerability that may cost the infrastructure
to lose of data and other resources that will put the organization
into risks. Confidentiality, availability, and integrity should be
upheld in all costs so that there would be a good way of
handling security vulnerabilities that may face the
infrastructure.
Reference
Bao-yang, A. (2015). The governance of network ethics in Big
Data Times. Studies in Science of Science, 33(05), 641-
646.Retrieved from:
http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-
KXYJ201505001.htm
CHEN, M. N., & ZHANG, L. (2015). Institutional Ethics
Analysis of Mobile Ad hoc Network. Journal of Inner Mongolia
University of Finance and Economics, (5), 14.Retrieved from:
http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-
NMCJ201505014.htm
Corley, D. A., Feigelson, H. S., Lieu, T. A., & McGlynn, E. A.
(2015). Building data infrastructure to evaluate and improve
quality: PCORnet. Journal of oncology practice, 11(3), 204-

206.Retrieved from:
https://ascopubs.org/doi/abs/10.1200/JOP.2014.003194
Jenelius, E., & Mattsson, L. G. (2015). Road network
vulnerability analysis: Conceptualization, implementation, and
application. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 49,
136-147.Retrieved from:
000192
López, F. A., Páez, A., Carrasco, J. A., & Ruminot, N. A.
(2017). The vulnerability of nodes under controlled network
topology and flow autocorrelation conditions. Journal of
Transport Geography, 59, 77-87.Retrieved from:
000126
Tanzania, H., & Sarmasti, H. (2018). Characterizing
infrastructure resilience in disasters using dynamic network
analysis of consumers' service disruption patterns. Civil
Engineering Journal, 4(10), 2356-2372.Retrieved from:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Hadi_Sarmasti/publication/
328611578_Characterizing_Infrastructure_Resilience_in_Disast
ers_Using_Dynamic_Network_Analysis_of_Consumers'_Service
_Disruption_Patterns/links/5be9ab0592851c6b27ba2f5c/Charact
erizing-Infrastructure-Resilience-in-Disasters-Using-Dynamic-
Network-Analysis-of-Consumers-Service-Disruption-
Patterns.pdf
Nelson, A., Lindbergh, S., Stephenson, L., Halpern, J., Arroyo,
F. A., Espinet, X., & González, M. C. (2019). Coupling natural
hazard estimates with road network analysis to assess
vulnerability and risk: a case study of Freetown (Sierra Leone).
Transportation research record, 2673(8), 11-24.Retrieved from:
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/036119811882227
2
Ogie, R., Holderness, T., Dunbar, M., & Turpin, E. (2017).
Spatio-topological network analysis of hydrological
infrastructure as a decision support tool for flood mitigation in
coastal mega-cities. Environment and Planning B: Urban

Analytics and City Science, 44(4), 718-739.Retrieved from:
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/026581351663760
8
Seo, J., Jin, J., Kim, J. Y., & Lee, J. J. (2016). Automated
residential demand response based on advanced metering
infrastructure network. International Journal of Distributed
Sensor Networks, 12(2), 4234806.Retrieved from:
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1155/2016/4234806
Wei, X., Liu, X., Cheng, L., Sun, L., Pan, Y., & Zong, W.
(2017). Evaluating medical convenience in ethnic minority areas
of Southwest China via road network vulnerability: a case study
for Dehong autonomous prefecture. International journal for
equity in health, 16(1), 206.Retrieved from:
https://equityhealthj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12939
-017-0702-z
Cloud server
Running head: PROJECT INTRODUCTION
1
PROJECT INTRODUCTION
7
Project Introduction
Thien Thai
CIS599

Strayer University
Jan 15, 2020
Project Introduction
Philips Corporation is a multinational company headquartered
in Amsterdam. The company is involved in such activities as
producing electronic equipment such as electric bulbs. The
company produces electric bulbs on a large scale basis and has
been able to supply this product to many parts of the world
markets. Phillips uses its several branches that it has set in
various parts of the world to distribute the electric products.
The company supplies its headquarters with electric bulbs and
then leaves the responsibility of selling this product to the local
managers (Newton, 2016). The revenue from the sales is then
remitted to the producing company.
Again, the company is involved in the activity of producing
medical equipment such as X-ray equipment. For countries that
need so many medical equipment of this nature, a special order
has to be made and the company allowed time to manufacture
the equipment. Buyers making these kinds of orders are usually
required to pay half of the cost of the equipment to be supplied.
This initial cost is supposed to demonstrate that the buyer is
committed to the agreement (Garwood, 2018). If the buyer is a
private individual, payments are usually required to be made
before the real supply of the equipment to be supplied.
The company’s outsourcing opportunity of marketing has great
potential for improving the overall sales. In any case, the
company will hire a third company to enable it to market its
goods, it will be able to cut its sales. This is because another
company will be doing marketing on its behalf. Typically,
outsourced companies bear the cost of all the services that they

have been hired to perform. The companies outsourced must
quote an overall cost that is lower than that which the company
is incurring on a regular basis (Newton, 2016). Outsourcing will
enable the company to improve its efficiencies.
Besides, the company’s offshoring investment opportunity has
great potential contributing to the expansion of the company.
The increasing population across different parts of the world is
increasingly creating new markets that the company needs to
explore. In any case, the company will take advantage of the
new market opportunities, it will be able to set up new branches
enabling it to expand. The significance of expanding, in this
case, is that it will enable it to build its reputation. Moreover,
this will enable it to attract highly experienced staff to perform
its activities (Garwood, 2018). It will enable the company to
build high-quality products and services.
The company has an operations system that supports its
business by enabling its access applications without having to
write programs. Microsoft application, for example, enables the
company to create queries so that it can be able to obtain
particular information that it is looking for. In any case, the
management want to know the employees that have reached the
retirement age, for instance, they have to use this application to
get the names of all of their employees that have reached the
retirement age. The significance of the queries is that they lead
to quick retrieval of information (Newton, 2016). This is
especially in a case where a company has stored a lot of
information.
Philips’ databases support its business by providing stored
information whenever needed. Whenever the company is
planning to review previous reports so that it can look at the
challenges that were faced and plan effectively, data is retrieved
and measures formulated to prevent the company from facing
similar problems. In any case, the company, for example, faced

the problem of hacking in the past according to the stored
information, this can be used to provide more security measures
to prevent the company’s systems from being hacked (Garwood,
2018). The company may, for instance, decide to create strong
passwords that are changed on a regular basis.
The company’s data warehousing supports its business by
streamlining the flow of information. The importance of
streamlined information is that it makes it easier for
administrators to retrieve any information that they want. The
administrators save time when it comes to retrieving
information from the database. The flow of information is also
faster during transfer from one department to another. This
faster communication between the companies’ is made possible
by its high-speed network (Newton, 2016). Usually, the
company has to access the internet for it to store its data in
highly secure systems.
Philips’s cloud technology and virtualization support its
business by enabling the company back its stored data. The
cloud technology offers various storage spaces to companies
based on the needs. Some companies need large storage spaces
while others need small storage spaces. Philips is an example of
a company that needs a large storage space for its data. The
reason for this is that this company handles large sets of data
(Garwood, 2018). The significance of storing data in the cloud
system is that it enables the company to access it from any part
of the world.
The cloud technology and virtualization technology support its
business by providing the company with large storage space for
its data. The significance of this is that it helps the company to
ensure that all of its data is secured. In any case, the cloud
system was offering only a small space to the company, some of
its data would not be secure since it means that they will be
stored in the computer system that are prone to damage

(Newton, 2016). It is difficult for companies to lose their stored
information from the cloud system.
The company’s network infrastructure and security support its
business by enabling the company to send and receive files to
its offshore branches. The ability to send files securely to
branches located in other countries implies that there is no need
for the company to send employees to physically deliver the
files. It means that the network infrastructure is enabling the
company to save its costs. This is for the reason that sending an
employee to deliver a file will lead to increased operational
expenses in a company (Garwood, 2018). The margin of
increase will be big for the reason that the company would need
to send so many employees to its many branches located in
different parts of the world.
Additionally, the company’s network infrastructure and security
support its business through enabling the company to update its
operating system. The importance of updating an operating
system is that it helps prevent the company’s system from being
hacked (Newton, 2016). Typically, updating an operating
system helps ensure that the new security features are being
used to protect a database. Continuing to use an old operating
system prevents a company from taking advantage of the newly
developed features to guard a system from cybercriminal
activity.
To conclude, Philips Corporation is mainly involved in such
activities as producing electronic equipment such as electric
bulbs and medical equipment such as X-ray equipment. The
company’s outsourcing opportunity of marketing has great
potential for improving the overall sales. Besides, the
company’s offshoring investment opportunity has great
potential contributing to the expansion of the company. The
company has an operations system that supports its business by
enabling its access applications without having to write

programs. Philips’ databases support its business by providing
stored information whenever needed. The cloud technology and
virtualization technology support its business by providing the
company with large storage space for its data.
References
Garwood, D. A., & Poole, A. H. (2018). Project management as
information management in interdisciplinary research: “Lots of
different pieces working together”. International Journal of
Information Management, 41, 14-22.
Newton, R. (2016). Project management step by step: how to
plan and manage a highly successful project. Pearson UK.
Running head: BUSINESS REQUIREMENTS
1
BUSINESS REQUIREMENTS
9
Business Requirement
Thien Thai
CIS599
Strayer University
Jan 31, 2020

Business Requirement
In order to secure information and database framework and
achieve operational target, network base computing included IT
framework has been continuing to develop. This paper will
describe, analyze, and speculate the scope of the project.
Important information about risks, constraints, and assumptions
will also be discussed in this paper. Then it will talk about
needed integration with other systems and infrastructure. The
human capital and possible outsourcing or offshoring will be
addressed to accomplish project. Finally, this paper will provide
terms in the project and include cost projections.1
Document Control
Change Record
Date
Author
Version
Change Reference
01/31/2019
Thien Thai
1.0
Review

Reviewers
Name
Position
Thien Thai
CIO
1 Business Requirements
1.1 Project Overview
The project entails development of a mobile application that
will help the customers, find company’s information pertaining
products and services, contact the company for assistance and
perform self-care requests through their account area without
customer service intervention.
1.2 Background including current process
This project is intended to ease the company’s display of
information as well as access to service. Customers prefer a
common area where all their company products and service
subscriptions can be accessed without experiencing the
limitations of a common web browser.
The project goal is to make an application that will log the
customers to company personal account.
The IT role for this project is to ensure that the information
updates and the application development is correct and to the
desired security standards, layout and adhering to international
standards.
1.3 Scope

1.3.1 Scope of Project
According to Kerzner in 2017, before the establishment of every
project, the scope must be developed. This will act sat the guide
throughout project development. The scope for this project will
include the following items and holding a meeting with
sponsors of the project. The project manager and the key
development team shall conduct a meeting to discuss project
support and finances. For each following item, there should be a
corresponding strategy for incorporating these areas into the
overall project.
Applications -
we will use the mobile applications to meet the target
production date.
Sites -
the Google play store and the Appstore.
Process Re-engineering - Re-engineering will ensure that the
application is user friendly to all the stakeholders and it’s
completed on set time.
Customization - Customizations will be limited to the
customer/public user interface, the client area dashboard and the
staff backend dashboard.
Interfaces – it included customer/public user, the client
dashboard, and the staff backend dashboard
Architecture – IT department will provide Application and
Technical Architecture.
Conversion - Only the following data and volume will be
considered for conversion: the company’s public data.

Testing
- Testing will include only the compatibility of the application
on various phone, tablets, and iPad models.
Funding
It is limited to:
Staffing- $ 60000
Hosting – $ 5000
Computers - $10000
Data center - $5000
Training - Training will be conducted by the IT department to
the customer service department.
Education - Education will include:
· Development of cross-platform applications
· Skills on UI/UX
· Any three of programming languages like C# and Java, API
(Apple iOS, android & Windows Mobile), web development
(HTML5 & CSS)
· Cross-platform suites for mobile (Antenna and AMP)
1.3.2 Constraints and Assumptions
The following constraints have been identified:
· The size of the screen, the sensors, as well as the interactions

· The storage sizes and the cache sizes
· Latencies
· Issues with network
· Requirements for use of data
· The type of fonts, the language to be used and the tome of the
voice
The following assumptions have been made in defining the
scope, objectives, and approach:
· The technology, as well as the toolset available, will be able
to create the application till completion
· Enough financial and human resources set aside will be able to
cater to the application’s development.
· Every item included in the development process will go
according to the plan.
1.3.3 Risks
According to Muriana and Vizzini in 2017, during the
development and implementation of any project, it is likely to
encounter several risks. The following risks have been
identified as possibly affecting the project during its
progression:
· Building an application that is not wanted by the users
· Unsustainable growth in the number of users

· Choosing wrong task management partners
· Breaches in the application's security
· Risk of tying the development to one platform
1.3.4 Scope Control
Change requests will be used in controlling the scope. This
method is the requested changes emanating from the scope
analysis that business owner representative will make approval
for any changes that affect cost or timeline for the project.
According to Johansson and Persson in 2019, we give high
priority to outsourcing because it seems to be cheaper than
offshoring due to differences in the values of currency. Another
way in which project scope will be controlled is through the use
of updates from the project management plan – the main areas
in which the updates will likely emanate from includes the
following; updates from scope baseline, the cost baseline,
performance control baseline, and project schedule baseline. Of
all these, change requests and work performance information
will be given the highest priority during the control of the
project scope.
1.3.5 Relationship to Other Systems/Projects
It is the responsibility of the business unit to inform IT of other
business initiatives that may impact the project. The following
are known business initiatives: the application will have a
shared database with the website of the company. This will
ensure that data provided by the company, requested, and
received by the customers whether on web or mobile app is
same at any given instance. The most important integration that
the system will need to have is database integration – a proper
integration with data storage is important because the system

will perform Read-Write functions for data and information it
requires for an effective business transaction.
1.3.6 Definition of Terms (if applicable)
The terms that will be used thought the project include the
following:
i. SA – System Analyst. These are the people who work on
system analysis.
ii. SD – System Developers. These are the people who work on
system development (coding and documentation).
iii. DBA – Database Administrator. These are the individuals
who work on the design and development of data databases.
iv. NE – Network Engineers (NE). Part of the development team
that develope a secure network infrastructure for the system.
v. Application programming interface (API) - specifications of
how the app interacts with other components of the software.
vi. Business to customer – a mobile application that is built for
an average customer
vii. Hybrid app- a mobo-app that has been coded in HTML,
CSS, and JavaScript that makes use of the web to native
abstraction layer.
Conclusion
Database is the the main key of an organization in order to meet
business requirement. it keep organization protected. Itsfunction
depends upon the safety specifications that are followed by the
IT department and implemented inside the network of
administration, further following the laid protocols.

References
Johansson, B., & Persson, R. (2019). Offshore Outsourcing: An
IT-Manager Perspective on Cultural Differences. In 2019 Joint
International Conference on Perspectives in Business
Informatics Research Workshops and Doctoral Consortium,
BIR-WS 2019 (Vol. 2443, pp. 140-152). CEUR.
Kerzner, H. (2017). Project management metrics, KPIs, and
dashboards: a guide to measuring and monitoring project
performance. John Wiley & Sons.
Muriana, C., & Vizzini, G. (2017). Project risk management: A
deterministic quantitative technique for assessment and
mitigation. International Journal of Project Management, 35(3),
320-340.

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