Group Assignment

1. SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING &
DESIGN BACHELOR OF QUANTITY SURVEYING
(HONOURS)
Lecturer: Dr.Kam Kenn Jhun
Date of Submission: 21st June 2017
B U I L D I N G S E R V I C E S
2
( B L D 6 0 5 0 3 )

3. Mechanical Ventilation & Air conditioning
- Invented by Willis Carrier in November 26,
1876 .
- Three types of air conditioning such
Unitary System, Package System and
centralised system.
- Purposes of Air conditioning are to
improve comfort level, provide fresh air and
improve air environment in a room.

4. Applied centralised air
conditioning system.
Consists of More powerful compared
with unitary & package
system
&
Not suitable for existing
building.
A I R C O N D I T I O N I N G S Y S T E M
in Klang Parade
cooling tower
Chiller
Air Handling Unit (AHU)
Duct
diffuser & so on

5. C O O L I N G T O W E R
-Height of cooling tower : 3-3.5m height
-Usually located at top/roof floor.
-Prefabricated Machine ( several designs,
shapes .)
-Act as a heat exchanger, hot water from
condenser will pass through cooling tower
to reduce the temperature of the water .
(evaporation process)

6. C O M P O N E N T O F C O O L I N G T O W E R
Propeller Fan
Pump
Wet Deck Fill

7. C H I L L E R
-Water that passed through cooling tower
will transfer to chiller.
-Discharging heat or lower down
temperature from the water and turn it to
chill water
-Instead of making water to ice,it produces
chilled water.
-Produce around 10 degree Celsius.

8. A I R H A N D L I N G U N I T
An Air Handling Unit (AHU) is used to re-
condition and circulate air as part of a
heating, ventilating and air-conditioning
system.
Take in outside air, recondition it and supply it
as fresh air to a building.
All exhaust air is removed, which creates an
acceptable indoor air quality.
A device used to condition and circulate air

9. U N I T A R Y S Y S T E M
A small self-contained electrical unit enclosing
a motor-driven refrigeration compressor,
evaporative cooling coil, air-cooled
condenser, filters, fans, and controls.
Unitary system consists of two part, indoor and
outdoor
Outdoor : compressor, condenser and
expansion valve
Indoor : evaporator and cooling fan

10. D I F F U S E R
Common in shopping mall to maintain the internal
comfort
Install in ceiling
multi-direction
positive directional control of air discharge
Blades are individually adjustable

11. V E N T I L A T I O N F A N
absorb the hot air and replace with cool air
Discharge the polluted air
prevent the occurrence of incomplete
combustion

12. M E C H A N I C A L T R A N S P O R T A T I O N S
Y S T E M
In Klang Parade

13. E S C A L A T O R

14. -only allow one movement of direction
S I N G L E E S C A L A T O R

15. CrissCross Spiral
Escalator
-Allow the movement of one
bearing starting with one floor
to next floor

16. M U L T I P L E - P A R R A L L E L E S C A
L A T O R
- Can be easily found in mall
- It provide two way for passenger who
wan to going up or down

17. Spiral Escalator
-Not recommended for shopping center
-It take a high maintenance taken a toll
because of its design
-Can be found normally at the high end
hotel

18. Multi-Level Parallel Stacked
Escalators
(interrupted traffic)
- It is the escalator that
being widely using in
shopping malls.
-It actually is a up and
down side by side
escalator.

19. E L E C T R I C A L E L E V A T
O R
in Klang Parade
-The emergency button and the intercom
microphone
-function can be easily communicate
looking for help when passenger trapped
inside the lift
-Electrical motor of lift utilizes electric
power
-always maintain the lift motor to avoid the
problem

20. E L E C T R I C A L M O T O R
O F T H E L I F T
- It utilizes electric power of the lift
- It need a particular space for the hydraulic
system
and the chamber itself
- It just use a single operation room to put it
motor

21. Emergency Backup Power & The Control
Panel
-When the power loss, it will automatically switch on the
power
-Make sure that passenger safetly reach the ground floor
and exit the lift
The Grease Indicator
-Lift should be re-oil each 8 month to 1 year
-It is important as it kept all the moving part of the motor grease
up

22. F I R E P R O T E C T I O N S Y S T E
M
In Klang Parade

23. ● A group of systems that require some
amount of action or motion in order to
work efficiently in the event of a fire.
● An action or motion is required for
Active Fire Protection (AFP) system
to work efficiently in the event of a
fire.
● Active method require mechanical,
electric or electronic activation.
● It is the manual or automatic fire
A C T I V E F I R E P R O T E C T I O N

24. Water supply system provides the adequate
pressure and flowrate to a water
distribution piping system onto which
water sprinklers are connected.
2 Sprinkles distances between them must
be at a maximum distance at 4.6 meters.
3 Meters is the amount of distance required
for 2 Sprinkles.
W A T E R S P R I N K L E R S
Y S T E M

25. W A T E R T A N K
Provide fire safety to supply water sprinkler
and other fire safety systems that
requires water.
Water tank is located in the basement in a
fire pump room
The water in the water tank is reserved to be
used for fire emergencies only

26. W A T E R S T O R A G E
Main water storage tank is located within the
building.
There is no need for replenishment due to
the storage tanks for automatic sprinkler
installation where full capacity and it also
will be exempted from the restriction in
their location.

27. P U M P
Fire pump room consists a water tank that
supplies water to all the systems that
requires water
Jockey Pump and Duty Pump
Helps to pump water from the water tank to
fire safety system that requires water
during emergencies.

28. Jockey Pump
Helps to pump water to the water sprinkler.
If the water pressure is low, the jockey pump will initiate the
pumping process.
The system will elevate to a specific level even if the
system is not functioning so the water will not run out.
The pump will shut down when it is not in use.
If the water pressure in the pipe goes lower than 35 PSI,
the duty pump will be in use as the water pressure
allows it operate smoothly.
If the starter pump fails to work there is a standby pump to
kick in and help out.
Jockey Pump and the Duty Pump operates by electricity
Duty Pump

29. S M O K E D E T E C T O R
Most common use for fire detection for
fire safety purposes.
Smoke detector used in the mall is an
ionisation smoke detector.
If there are smoke particles that enters
the chamber between the
electrodes, normal flow of electrons
are interrupted hence causing the
alarm to activate.

30. Located at every floor, a certain distance to
each fire shutter should be placed.
Reduce the spread of fire to other floors and to
delay enough time for customers to
evacuate the building.
Can be shut automatically or manually.
F I R E S H U T T E R

31. Will be activated automatically 5 minutes after any fire system is activated.
It can also be triggered manually by breaking the break glass to alert others.
Located throughout the mall so everyone else in the mall can hear it.
There are 2 types of bell - Continuous Bell & Single Stroke bell
Usually placed below the break glass
Same function as a hose reel.
Used to put out early stages of fire which can be operated by an
average person.
It releases a cloud of carbon dioxide and smothers the fire.
F I R E D E T E C T I O N
F I R E E X T I N G U I S H E R S

32. Provided in every floors and some fire probable areas where it
distinguishes fire at an early stage
Dry riser will provide water to the hose reel.
It is commonly used while waiting for the firefighters to come
and it’s easy to manage one.
H O S E R E E L S Y S T E M

33. Categorising building with the help of using fire resistance
rated wall or floor.
By categorising the in smaller parts it helps to delay the
spread of fire
Helps to reduce the damage that will be caused by the fire
and also helps victims to escape from the building.
P A S S I V E F I R E P R O T E C T I O N S Y S
T E M

34. It is a door specially designed to delay or prevent fire from
spreading to the other side of the building.
Different types of door have different capability of
preventing the fire where some holds the fire longer
and some shorter.
It is for the safety of the customers
Will lead to the outdoor where everyone can safely
evacuate from danger.
The emergency route consists of material that can last from
a fire buy enough time for the customers to escape
F I R E R A T E D D O O R
E M E R G E N C Y S T A I R C A
S E

35. located at the ground floor of the building.
Controls all the fire protective system.
Can detect the fire emergency and send a
signal and inform the person in charge.
provides information to the firefighter to know
where the fire started.Consist of fire safety control panel which
indicate all the fire safety system.
The control panel consist of:
1. Break Glass
2. Flow Switch
F I R E C O N T R O L R O O
M

36. E L E C T R I C A L P O W E R S U P P L Y S
Y S T E M
In Klang Parade

37. Is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between
circuits through electromagnetic induction.
The electric varying current in one coil of the transformer
produces a varying magnetic field, which in turn induces a
voltage in the second coil.
Power is transferred between the two coils through the
magnetic field, without a metallic connection between the
two circuits.
T R A N S F O R M E R R O O M

38. Power Distribution is a system, consisting of a Main
Distribution Board, Sub Main Distribution Boards
and Final Distribution Boards
Which the electrical energy is transmitted via
branches to reach the exact end user.
In Klang Parade, all these distribution board are
allocated in a same room which called the
voltage room.
V O L T A G E R O O M

39. Panel enclosure with the
fuses, circuit breakers and
ground leakage protection
units.
M A I N D I S T R I B U T I O N B O A R D S (
D B )
Used to transfer or distribute
electrical power to
numerous individual
circuits or consumer
points were taken from
transformer.
Has a single or multiple
incoming power sources
and includes main circuit
breakers and residual
current or earth leakage
protection devices.

40. S U B - M A I N D I S T R I B U T I O N B O A R D S ( S M D B )
The main distribution board also connected with sub-main distribution board
Using a large distribution cable terminates and several smaller sub-circuits start.
Switchboards are larger than the final distibution board circuit although they have the
similar functions.
F I N A L D I S T R I B U T I O N
B O A R D
Final distribution boards are connected from sub-main distribution board which also feeds
electrical energy to the end user.

41. E M E R G E N C Y P O W E R S U P P L Y R O O M
Located just right beside the voltage room which is at the
basement car park.
Standby power system used is the energy generator.
Supports important electrical systems on loss of normal
power supply.
To protect life and property from the consequences of
loss of primary electric power supply.
When power outage in the mall, the generator will
activated automatically or manually.

42. A M P B O A R D
Allocated in the same room as the generator also act as
an important role when emergency power outage
happened.
To control the voltage and amp from generator to the
electric appliances.
For the safety purpose of using electric appliances during
emergency, over sufficient of power applied or
transferred to an electric may cause unfortunate
accident such as, explosion, fire accident due to

43. E M E R G E N C Y L I G H T I N G
( C E I L I N G M O U N T E D )
Emergency lighting installed at most of the corners in
the malls.
Does not require any electric power supply.
It is a battery-backed lighting device that switches on
automatically when a building experiences a
power outage.
Ensure the safety of customers and workers in the
mall when emergencies happened to prevent
unwanted accident from happening.

44. Recommended Solution
In the mall from our findings there are not many fire extinguishers to be
found and the fire extinguishers are not renewed, fire extinguishers
should be located one in every few small distance apart.Fire usually
evolves from small to big where fire extinguishers are used to smother
the fire when it is still small. Having inadequate amount of fire
extinguishers may result to a bigger fire if the fire is not put out. Time is
crucial in these situations.
Fire Protection System Problems
-Should have more fire extinguishers around the mall
- FIre extinguishers cant last forever, it should be renewed every 7 years.

45. Problem 2
AIR CONDITIONING
There are two types of air conditioning systems in this building
which are centralised air conditioning system and Unitary
system. Basically there is no problem for centralised system
but the problem we encountered was about unitary air
conditioning system. The water is keep flowing out from
condenser. Instead of discharging the water to particular place,
the water just drop to the floor which look dirty and poor. So,
the management just took a empty bottle to fill in the water that
flow out from the condenser which i think is wrong instead of
repairing it as you can see at the picture.Recommended Solution
-repair the spoiled condenser
-buy a new set of unitary conditioning system

47. D e o n g K h a i K e a t
0 3 2 0 0 5 5
S i m S i K a i
0 3 1 8 6 0 9
L e e J i a K i a m
0 3 2 0 0 2 9
C h a n T i a n J i
0 3 2 0 8 3 1
N g o J i a H a u r
0 3 2 0 1 4 4