091006 prst

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taguchihiroo

THE WALL STREET JOURNAL
OCTOBER 2, 2009

Exxon’s Tillerson:
Forget Cap-and-Trade, Carbon Tax is
the Answer

経済学部３年
田口裕大

アウトライン

アウトライン

•エクソンモービルの Rex W. Tillerson が 10 月 1 日、ワシン
トンで行われた経済会において、排出炭素削減規制とし
てキャップ・アンド・トレードではなく、炭素税の導入
を求める発言をした。

http://blogs.wsj.com/environmentalcapital/2009/10/02/exxons-tillerson-forget-cap-and-trade-carbon-tax-is-the-answer/
http://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/news_speeches_20091001_rwt.aspx

アウトライン

アウトライン

•「キャップ・アンド・トレードによる規制は、大きな政
府による排出権のばらまきをひき起こした上に、このよ
うな恣意的な政治行動は、勝者敗者の企業を決めつけて
しまうことになる。また企業にとっては、炭素市場の競
争によって生じる変動性は、企業の環境技術への投資に
は好ましくない。継続的な投資こそが環境技術の発達を
正常に促進させ、環境技術の発達無くしてエネルギー・
環境の未来派見えはしない。」と述べている。

アウトライン

アウトライン

•一方でこの発言を廻っては、現在上院で審議されている
キャップ・アンド・トレード法案へのクレームとも見て
取れ、 Tillerson に対し批難の声も上がっている。

排出取引制度
キャップ・アンド・トレード

1 .社会で排出総量（目標）を
定める

2.初期排出枠を配分

3.排出許可証を市場で自由に
取引。

課税−補助金政策
炭素税

•化石燃料に対して、炭素含有量に応じて低税率で課税。

•税収を省エネ対策等の補助金として拠出。

•具体的にはガソリン 1L あたり２円程。

サマリー

・
A

MNBi=1-MCi
・
I

E K
・
T
・
J ・・・S
P

・L

O=F
0
Xi
E
Xi
01
Xi
・
Xi
*

細田衛士・横山彰　 [2007] 『環境経済学』有斐閣

MNB MEC
MEC

MNB0 e
b
P MNB a MEC*

T d
c

O X* X0 XT
*
排出総量 X

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091006 prst

1. THE WALL STREET JOURNAL OCTOBER 2, 2009 Exxon’s Tillerson: Forget Cap-and-Trade, Carbon Tax is the Answer 経済学部３年田口裕大

2. アウトラインアウトライン •エクソンモービルの Rex W. Tillerson が 10 月 1 日、ワシントンで行われた経済会において、排出炭素削減規制としてキャップ・アンド・トレードではなく、炭素税の導入を求める発言をした。 http://blogs.wsj.com/environmentalcapital/2009/10/02/exxons-tillerson-forget-cap-and-trade-carbon-tax-is-the-answer/ http://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/news_speeches_20091001_rwt.aspx

3. アウトラインアウトライン •「キャップ・アンド・トレードによる規制は、大きな政府による排出権のばらまきをひき起こした上に、このような恣意的な政治行動は、勝者敗者の企業を決めつけてしまうことになる。また企業にとっては、炭素市場の競争によって生じる変動性は、企業の環境技術への投資には好ましくない。継続的な投資こそが環境技術の発達を正常に促進させ、環境技術の発達無くしてエネルギー・環境の未来派見えはしない。」と述べている。

4. アウトラインアウトライン •一方でこの発言を廻っては、現在上院で審議されているキャップ・アンド・トレード法案へのクレームとも見て取れ、 Tillerson に対し批難の声も上がっている。

5. CO2 削減手法排出取引制度キャップ・アンド・トレード

6. 排出取引制度キャップ・アンド・トレード 1 .社会で排出総量（目標）を定める 2.初期排出枠を配分 3.排出許可証を市場で自由に取引。

7. CO2 削減手法課税−補助金政策炭素税

8. 課税−補助金政策炭素税 •化石燃料に対して、炭素含有量に応じて低税率で課税。 •税収を省エネ対策等の補助金として拠出。 •具体的にはガソリン 1L あたり２円程。

9. サマリー・ A MNBi=1-MCi ・ I E K ・ T ・ J ・・・S P ・L O=F 0 Xi E Xi 01 Xi ・ Xi * 細田衛士・横山彰　 [2007] 『環境経済学』有斐閣

10. MNB MEC MEC MNB0 e b P MNB a MEC* T d c O X* X0 XT * 排出総量 X

Editor's Notes

＜外部不経済の内部化＞外部不経済が存在している社会では、パレート最適な資源配分が達成されず社会厚生関数が最大化されない。この問題を解決する事が「外部不経済の内部か」
北欧５カ国で導入オバマ政権になり、アメリカでも審議中（現在上院）２の初期排出枠の配分がティラーソンが指摘する部分。
＜外部不経済の内部化＞外部不経済が存在している社会では、パレート最適な資源配分が達成されず社会厚生関数が最大化されない。この問題を解決する事が「外部不経済の内部か」
ドイツ、イタリア、イギリスで導入日本では経団連の反対にあい、導入は見送られている。
(0) 政策実施前の余剰三角形 OXi*A (1) 環境税実施後の余剰三角形 TEA (2) 補助金政策実施後の余剰三角形 TEA+ 長方形 OXi*ST (3) 排出取引制度実施後の余剰 (-1) 初期割当 Xi0 のとき三角形 TEA+ 長方形 OXi0JT (-2) 初期割当 Xi01 のとき　三角形 TEA+ 長方形 OXi01KT 余剰の大きさ補助金＞排出取引制度＞環境税負担の大きさ環境税＞排出取引制度＞補助金

091006 prst

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Editor's Notes