material for hydrogen storage

1. RAMNIRANJAN JHUNJHUNWALA
COLLEGE
 SUNIL ARVIND CHAURASIYA
 M.Sc. {PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY} SEM:3
 ROLL NO: 02
 TOPIC: HYDROGEN STORAGE

2. CONTENTS
 UNDERSTANDING HYDROGEN
 SOURCES
 IMPORTANCE OF HYDROGEN
 TECHENIQUES TO STORE HYDROGEN
 CARBON BASED MATERIALS TO STORE HYDROGEN
 COMPARISION

3. Materials for hydrogen
storage

4. WHY HYDROGEN IS IMPORTANT?????
 Hydrogen may be prospective source or carrier for
the future because it is clean and sustainable source
of energy
 Hydrogen also used variety of processes likes
reduction, hydrogenation , and main use of
hydrogen is as a fuel

5. SOURCES OF HYDROGEN
 Main source of hydrogen is fossil fuels
 Many other Chemical, Biological, Electrolytic,
Photolytic and Thermo-Chemical processes can be
used in preparation of Hydrogen

6. HYDROGEN STORAGE
 Major problem with hydrogen storage is its efficient
storage system
 Most common method to store hydrogen in
gaseous form is in steel tanks
 Lightweight composite tanks designed to ensure
high pressure also becoming popular

7. SOME MAJOR TECHENIQUES
USED TO STORE HYDROGEN
1. Composite tanks
2. Cryogenic liquid hydrogen(LH2)
3. Chemical hydrides
4. Carbon based materials
5. Metal hydrides

8. CARBON BASED MATERIAL FOR
HYDROGEN STORAGE
 Carbon materials are considered attractive adsorbents for H2 storage applications
as they are lightweight and exhibit high specific areas and pore volumes, excellent
thermochemical stability, nontoxicity and can be produced with a plethora of
methods at low cost

9. GRAPHENE-BASED
NANOSTRUCTURES
 Graphene, the newest member in the family of carbon allotropes is visualized as a
2- D monolayer of hexagonally structured sp2-bonded carbon atoms

10. Characteristically,
graphene exhibits high
electrical and thermal
conductivity, remarkable
strength and stiffness as
well as an impressively
large area relative to its
mass

11. HYDROGEN STORAGE ON
GRAPHENE

12. Few-layer graphene (FLG), an extremely “thin”
graphitic analogue composed of a limited number of
stacked graphene layers, can be also produced in a
porous-like form, including 2-D nano-sized flakes and
3-D macroscopic structures, such as sponges and
foams, and has attracted significant attention as a
potential H2 storage material
Impressive H2 uptake values of up to 7.5 wt.%
at 77 K and ~120 bar were reported for
highly-nano porous graphene scaffolds with
high specific areas of up to ~3400 m2/g
prepared by KOH activation and H2 annealing

13. CARBON NANOTUBES
 Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are considered an allotropic form of carbon consisting
of a cylindrical/tubular nanostructure and belong to the family of fullerenes.

14. The nature, geometry and purity of the CNTs
seem to have a crucial influence on their H2
adsorption performance . More specifically,
SWCNTs of high-purity exhibit much higher
specific areas (i.e. up to ~700 m2/g), thus
allowing larger H2 amounts to be adsorbed.
The H2 gravimetric capacities of commercial
MWCNTs at 77 K and up to ~1 bar

15. ACTIVATED CHARCOAL
 Activated carbons (ACs) constitute the most characteristic and extensively studied
category of carbonaceous adsorbents produced on an industrial scale that stand
for their large specific areas (> 1000 m2/g) and pore volumes (> 0.5 cm3/g) as
well as their broad pore size distribution covering the micropore, mesopore and
macropore region.

16. The H2 gravimetric capacities of ACs
can be correlated to the available
specific area and pore volume.
In this respect, there is a general
rule for microporous ACs, known as
Chahine’s rule (established by the
Canadian scientist Richard Chahine
in 1996), based on which a
gravimetric H2 uptake of 1 wt.% is
expected per 500 m2/g of SA or 0.2
cm3/g of SPV at 77 K and ~35 bar

17. STORAGE OF HYDROGEN ON ACTIVATED
CHARCOAL AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES

18. COMPARISION BETWEEN CARBON BASEDCMATERIAL
AND OTHER MATERIALS IN HYDROGEN STORAGE

19. CONCLUSION
Carbon based materials proves to be important in hydrogen storage due to
 Cost effectiveness
 Better resistance to temperature and environmental conditions
 Better storage capabilities
 Easily availability
 Wide varieties

20. REFERNCES
 ATKINS AND PAULA (2nd edition)
 SHARMA,PURI,PATHANIA(47th edition)
 Wikipedia