this ppt is about desalination of water through various techniques,describing the procedure of desalition and analysing wjhich meathod will be more useful

1. DESALINATION
Sujitha Dara
BSC MPC – 2
TSWRAFPDC(W)
Bhongir
CHEMISTRY IS A STUDY OF TRANSFORMATION

2. Contents
✔ Introduction
✔ Need of Desalination
✔ Importance
✔ History
✔ Types
✔ Methods
✔ conclusion

3. Introduction
The process of removing mineral components & salts from saline water
Saline Water : The water that contains dissolved salts.
 Desalination involves either treating sea or blackish water to produce
fresh water.
 Desalination plants involve multiple technologies, from pre treatment to
pumps and membranes.
 It is used mainly in the middle east and North Africa.
 Brine is a high concentrated solution of NaCl in water. It is a byproduct
formed in the process of desalination.

4. 97.50 %
2.00 %
0.50 %
Need of
Desalination
Existence of Water on Earth
Ocean Water – 97.50 %
Frozen Water – 2.00 %
Fresh Water – 0.50 %

5.  This process offer fresh water in areas
lacking natural ground water or surface
water supplies or arid areas.
 It provides a climate independent source of
water.
 It is also used by many civilizations on ships
to convert sea water into drinking water.
 The fresh water obtained in this process can
also be used for irrigation and for other
needs.
Importance

6.  Desalination is not a modern science. It is
one of earliest forms of water treatment.
 Aristotle mentioned in his work
meteorology.
 The major land based desalination plant –
Tunisia
 The first commercial reverse osmasis.
 Alexander – Patent (1964)
 Desalination plant – California (1965)
 Now more than 20K plants are there around
the world.
History

7. PRIMARY PROCESS OF
DESALINATION

8. Distillation
Membrane
Processes
Solar
Desalination
GO
Filteration
Geothermal
Desalination
Methods
Methods :

9. DESALINATION
TYPES
Thermal
Desalination
Membrane
Desalination
Commonly used methods

10. Salt Water Vapor Pure Water

11. Types of Thermal Desalination

12. Membrane Process
At High Pressure,
Salt water forced
through membrane
Semi permeable
membrane:
Catches salt ions
Clean Water

13. Graphene oxide water filtration: Solar Desalination:

14. Electro Dialysis
By applying electric charge through
the solution.
Metal Ions – Positive plate
Other Ions – Negative Plate

15. o Sea water is unlimited source.
o It is useful in arid areas.
o Saline water can be reused with this
process.
o This process is useful for marine staff.
o Provides drinking water, for irrigation
etc.
o It involves high investments and
operational costs.
o Brine is the harmful component for the
environment which is a by product of
desalination.
Advantages Disadvantages
Conclusion :
 Can Desalination Save The World From Water Crisis ?
 Is This A Permanent Solution ?

16. This Presentation is Prepared by
“Sujitha Dara”
JAI HIND