2. INTEGRATED CHILD DEVELOPMENT SCHEME
INTEGRATED CHILD DEVELOPMENT SCHEME (ICDS)
ICDS a centrally sponsored scheme initiated in 1975 providing an integrated package of services for
the young children (0-6 yrs) and mother. It caters to the psychological, physical and social needs of the
vulnerable sections of the child population in the project areas,
ICDS takes a holistic approach to the child by providing a package of services, including health check-
ups, referral and medical services, monitoring of growth, immunization, supplementary feeding,
nonformal preschool education and nutrition and health education for mothers. The services are
provided at the ‘Anganwadi’, which is run by an Anganwadi Worker and an Anganwadi Helper.
The first ICDS project in Kerala was set 'up in 1975 at Vengara Block in Malappuram district.
3. ICDS PROGRAMME & OBJECTIVES
-ICDS is the country’s most comprehensive & multi-dimensional programme. It is a centrally
sponsored scheme of the Ministry of Women and Child Development.
-ICDS Programme was launched on 2 October, 1975 on 106th birth anniversary of
Mahatma Gandhi the Father of the Nation.
-ICDS is the most unique programme for early childhood care and development
encompassing integrated services for development of children below six years, expectant
and nursing mothers and adolescent girls living in the most backward, rural, urban and
tribal areas.
-ICDS has child centered approach based on the rationale that child care, cognitive and
psycho social development, and the child’s health and nutritional wellbeing.
-ICDS is a community based programme. For effective implementation of the programme,
members of the community i.e. members of panchayathi raj; mahila mandal & youth club;
religious and local leaders; voluntary organizations and primary school bodies etc. should be
actively involved.
4. Objectives
- Lay foundation for the proper psychological, physical and social development of the child
- Improve nutritional & health status of children below six years
-Reduce incidence of mortality, morbidity, malnutrition and school dropouts
-Achieve effective coordination of policy and implementation amongst various departments
-Enhance the capabilities of the mother to look after the normal health and nutritional needs
of ’ child through proper nutrition & health education
5. ICDS is a major programme channel for addressing child rights related to survival,
protection, participation and development
-RIGHT TO SURVIVAL
-Rights for survival include rights related to life, health, nutrition; water, sanitation,
environment, adequate standard of living,
right to a name from birth, right to acquire nationality, Right to know and be cared by his or her
parents.
-RIGHT TO PROTECTION
-Rights for protection include rights related to protection of children from all forms of
discrimination, exploitation, abuse, inhuman or degrading treatment and neglect, disability,
right to special protection in situations
6. -RIGHT TO PARTICIPATION
-Rights for participation include rights related to respect for the views of the child, right to
freedom of expression, thoughts, conscience and religion; freedom of association and
peaceful harmony; access to appropriate information and awareness.
-RIGHT TO DEVELOPMENT
-Rights for development include rights related to education, support for early childhood
development and care, social security and right to leisure, recreation and cultural activities.
7. ADMINISTRATIVE & ORGANIZATIONAL SET UP
ICDS has well planned administrative and organizational set up.
# Administrative Unit for the location of an ICDS Project is a Community Development
Block in the rural areas, a Tribal Development Block in the tribal areas and a group' of slums in
urban areas
# In the selection of the location of a Project, consideration is given to the areas inhabited o predominantly
by Scheduled Castes or Tribes especially Backward Tribes or nutritionally dependence areas or areas poor
in reach of social services.
State level Directorate of social
welfare
Director
Block level ICDS Project Office Child Development Project
Officers CDPO
Project level Project level Supervisors
Unit level Anganwadi centre Anganwadi Worker and
Anganwadi Helper
8. ICDS BENEFICIERIES AND SERVICES
-Children below six years .
-Expectant and nursing mothers
-Adolescent girls .
-Women in the age group 15-45 years
SERVICES UNDER ICDS
-ICDS provides a package of integrated services in a comprehensive and cost effective manner to
meet the multidimensional and interrelated needs of children.
-ICDS beneficiaries receive health, nutrition and early childhood care and education related services.
In addition, there is coverage of other important supportive services like safe drinking water,
environmental sanitation, women’s development and education programmes.
All services in ICDS are expected to converge at the same time on the same set of benefecieries i.e.
group of children and their family to create an appreciable impact.
9. Integrated package of services under ICDS
Nutrition
Supplementary Nutrition
Growth Monitoring
Health
Health Check up
Immunization
Identification and Treatment of Common Childhood Illnesses and
Minor Ailments
Referral Services
Nutrition and Health Education
Supportive Services and Convergence
Supportive Services, such as Safe Drinking Water,
Environmental Sanitation, Women s Empowerment
Programmes and Adult Literacy
Early Childhood Care and Preschool Education .
-Early Care and Stimulation of children under Three
Three Years
Preschool Education to Children 1n the 3 to 6 Years
Years Age group
10. SERVICES TO BENIFICIARIES
A. children 3-6 months
- Food supplementation
- Immunization
- Periodic health checkup
- Treatment of minor and common ailments
- Referral services
- Vitamin A supplementation
-Diarrhea management and acute respiratory infection management
11. B. Children 37 -72 Months
-Pre-school education
-Early childhood stimulation
-Early detection of disabilities & referral Supplementary nutrition
-Quality growth monitoring
-IFA supplementation
-De-worming biannually
-Referral services
12. C.Adolescent Girls
-Health and nutrition education
-Family life education
-De-worming bimanually
-referral services
D. Pregnant Women with Antenatal care
-Monitoring of monthly weight gain
-TT immunization
-Food supplementation
-Nutrition and Health Education Joyful pregnancy-enabling meet
13. SCHEMES IMRLEMENTED THROUGH ICDS
For children For women
Supplementary Nutrition Programme (SNP)
Immunization
Pre-School Education
Health Check-up
Referral Service .
Early Detection and Early Intervention of
Childhood Disabilities (EDEICD) .
State Plan of Action for the Child in Kerala (SPAC)
Balika Samridhi Yojana (BSY)
Kishori Shakti Yojana (KSY)
National Nutrition Mission (NNM)
Nutrition Programme for Adolescent
Girls (NPAG)
Integrated Women Empowerment Programme (IWEP)
or SWAYAMSIDHHA
Take Home ration scheme(THRS)
E. Nursing Women
-Postnatal care ~
-Nutrition and health education
-Birth spacing –
-Food supplementation –
-Referral services for postnatal complications
F. Community –
Health and nutrition education.
14. THE ANGANWADI CENTRE
An Anganwadi Center “a courtyard play centre” located within the village or a Slum gene
focal point for delivery of all the services under ICDS programme is an integrated manner
to children and women.
An Anganwadi is a centre for convergence of services for children and women;
An Anganwadi is a meeting ground, where women / mother’s groups can come together/
with other frontline workers to share views and promote action for development of
children and women.
An Anganwadi is run by an Anganwadi Worker who 18 supported by a Helper in service
delivery.
15. ICDS TEAM, THEIR ROLE & JOB RESPONSIBILITIES
-A CDPO is an overall in charge of an I(‘DS Project and is responsible for planning and
implementation of the Project. A CDPO is supported by a team of 4-5 Supervisors who guide and supervise
AWWs.
-In large ICDS Projects, where there are more than 150 AWCs in a Project, an Assistant Child Development
Project Officer is also a part of the team
-A Supervisor has the responsibility of supervising 20, 25 and 17 Anganwadi Workers in rural, urban and
tribal projects respectively.
-A Supervisor guides an AWW in planning and organizing delivery of ICDS services at AWC and also gives
on the spot guidance and training as and when required.
-An Anganwadi worker is a community based frontline voluntary worker, selected from within the local
community. The selection is made by a committee at the Project level.
16. -An AWW is mainly responsible for effective delivery of ICDS Services to children and
women in the community An AWW is an honorary worker who gets a monthly honorarium
-At each AWC, a Helper is appointed to assist an AWW. Helper is an honorary worker and is
paid monthly honorarium.
-Health Services in ICDS are given by a team of Health Functionaries comprising Medical
Officer, Lady Health Officer, ANM and Female Health Worker from Primary Health Centre
and Sub-Centre in the Project. At the Community level ASHA will be the first port of call for
any health related demands of deprived sections of the population, especially women and
children.
17. ROLE & JOB RESPONSIBILITIES OF AN AWW
A. Planning for Implementation of ICDS Programme
1.Village Mapping
2. Rapport Building with community
3.Conducting Community Survey and Enlisting Beneficiaries
-Children 0-6 years
-Children ‘at risk’
-Expectant and nursing mothers
-Adolescent girls
4.Birth and death registration
18. B.Service Delivery
1.Preparation and distribution of Supplementary nutrition
-Children 6 months to 6 yrs.
-Expectant and nursing mothers
-Children and mothers ‘at risk’
2. Growth monitoring promote breast feeding and counsel mothers on IYCF
3.Assisting health staff in immunization and health check-up of children and mothers
4.Referral Services
5.Detection of disability among children
6.Providing treatment for minor ailments and first aid.
7.Management of neonatal and childhood illnesses
8.Health and nutrition education to adolescent girls, women and community
19. 9.Organizing non-formal preschool education activities
10.Depot holder of medicine kit contraceptives of ASHA and under 1CDS
11.Counseling woman on birth preparedness
.12.Assist CDPOs/Supervisors in implementation of KSY and NPAG
20. C. Information, Education and Communication
-Communicating with counseling Parents, Families and Communities etc.
-Organizing awareness campaigns, street plays, etc.
-Prepare communication and educational material
D .Community Contact
1.Mobilize community & elicit community participation
2.Maintain liaison with panchayath, Primary Schools, Mahila Mandals and Health Functionaries etc.
E. Management and Organization
1.Management of anganwadi centre
2 Maintenance of records, registers and visitor’s Books
3. Preparation of monthly progress reports
21. DESCRIPTION OF FEW SCHEMES
SUPPLEMENTARY NUTRITION PROGRAMME (SNP)
Nutritious food are served to the vulnerable children (0-6 years) and pregnant and lactating
mothers from low income group, at Anganwadi Centres through Anganwadi Workers
assisted
by Anganwadi helpers and under supervision of Gram-sevikas and supervisors/ extension
Officer.
The aim is to supplement the daily nutritional intake by 300 calories, 8 to 10 grams of
protein for children, 500 calories and 20-25 grams of protein for women under the ante-
natal and post-natal care for 300 days in a year
EARLY DETECTION AND EARLY INTERVENTION OF CHILDHOOD
DISABILITIES (EDEICD)
Capacity building for ICDS and health functionaries" for early detection and intervention of
childhood disabilities.
22. BALIKA SAMRIDHI YOJANA (BSY)
The Scheme of Balika Samriddhi Yojana (BSY) originated from the announcement of the '
Prime Minister on 15th August 1997 stating that ‘the Government would extend financial
help to the families to whom a girl child is born and if they are living Below Poverty Line
(BPL).
The Scheme Envisages:
-To change negative family and community attitudes towards the girl child at birth and
towards her mother.
-To improve enrolment and retention of girl children in schools.
-To raise the age at marriage of girls.
-To assist the girl to undertake income generating activities.
-Annual scholarships weuld also be given when the girl child starts going to school
23. The rate of scholarhips will be
Rs 300 each in classes l-lll
rs .500 in class IV
rs. 600 in class V
rs. 700 each in classes VI and VII
rs. 800 in class VIII and
Rs. 1000 each in classes IX and X per annum;
However, the amount of annual scholarships may be permitted to be utilized for purchase of textbooks or uniforms
for the girl child, with due authorization of the mother/guardian of the girl.
The amount of scholarship remaining after such utilization shall be deposited in the same interest bearing Account
in which the post delivery grant has been kept. These deposits will be paid to the girl child on attaining the age of
18 years and remaining unmarried till then. '
24. KISHORI SAKTHI YOJANA (KSY):
During adolescence, girls need proper nutrition, care and guidance. They also need, exposure to more opportunities
and ways of improving their selfesteem and decision making capabilities. The aim of KSY is to create general
awareness among adolescent girls about health, nutrition, family life, personal identity and skill development.
Major goal
>Enhance the nutritional and health status of the adolescent girls.
> Improvement of social status of adolescent girls.
Strategies:
>Strengthening of adolescent girls clubs in all anganwadis.
> Assessment of nutritional and health status of adolescents girls.
>Survey for enlistment and identification of beneficiaries for various programmes under KSY.
>Adolescent clinics and health checkups at PHC level.
>Improving nutritional status of adolescent girls through supplementary nutrition Anganwadi with LSGI support.
25. NATIONAL NUTRITION MISSION (NNM):
National Nutrition Mission was launched with an objective of reduction in malnutrition
elimination micro nutrient deficiency and reduction in chronic energy deficiency by
providing subsidized food. In Kerala Palakkadu and Malappuram districts were selected.
Food grains ,re supplied to pregnant and lactating women with weight less than 40 Kg and
adolescent with weight less than 35 Kg.
The aim was to:
-Reduce malnutrition among pregnant and lactating women and adolescent girls.
-To eliminate micro nutrient deficiency among pregnant and lactating women and
adolescent
-To reduce chronic energy deficiency by providing subsidised food.
26. NUTRITION PROGRAMME FOR ADOLESCENT GIRLS (NPAG):
Nutrition Programme for adolescent girls (NPAG) is another scheme approved by the government of
India. The programme has following objectives.
> Improved nutritional and health status of girls.
> Stimulate desire for social exposure and knowledge to improve their decision making capabilities.
> Train and equip the adolescent girls to upgrade home based and vocational skills.
> Promote health hygiene, nutrition, family welfare, home management and child -care and to facilitate
marriage only after the age of 18 years.
These different programmes are meant for adolescent girls need to be integrated into a single programme
which meets all the needs of adolescent girls.
27. > To improve the nutritional and health status of girls in the'age group of 11-18 years.
> To ensure proper social and emotional development Gender re-nutrition etc., for every adolescent girl so as to
lead to proper personality development and active social life.
> To train and equip adolescent girl to improve life skills and decision making capabilities.
> To promote awareness of health, hygiene, nutrition, family welfare, home management, childcare and to help
them make intelligent decision regarding marriage, pregnancy and related issues.
> To give career guidance, reduce school drop outs and encourage acquiring of income generation skills leading to
independent life.
> To monitor nutritional status of adolescent girls and ensure timely intervention whenever needed.
> To promote mental health among adolescent girls.
>To facilitate peer group interaction and improve
28. Beneficiaries:
> The beneficiaries are the girls in the age group of 11-18.
> Adolescent girls clubs are formed at all anganwadies in 163 ICDS projects in the State. The
programme in the current proposal will activate and strengthen the AG. clubs. The services
are planned so as to react directly to the targeted beneficiaries at the community level
utilizing the existing ICDS network. The programme will be implemented with the active
involvement
of LSG’s.
29. INTEGRATED WOMEN EMPOWERMENT PROGRAMME (IWEP) OR SWAYAMSIDHA
Swayamsidha is the scheme launched by the Government of India for the holistic empowerment of women and to
develop empowered women who will :
>Demand their rights from family, community and government.
>Have increased access to and control over material, social and political resource.
>Have enhanced awareness and improved skills.
>Be able to raise issues of common aim through mobilization and networking.
It seeks to achieve this by the following objectives:
>To generate awareness among women by disseminating information and knowledge, so as to bring about an
attitudinal change.
>To help women achieve economic strength through micro-level income generating activities.
>To establish convergence of various services such as literacy, health, non-formal education, rural development,
water supply, entrepreneurship etc.
30. MID-DAY MEAL PROGRAMME
The Mid-day Meal Scheme is the popular name for school meal programme in lndia. It involves provision
of lunch free of cost to school-children on all working days.
The objectives of the programme are:
Protecting children from classroom hunger,
Increasing school enrolment and attendance,
Improved socialisation among children belonging to castes,
Addressing malnutrition, and
Social empowerment through provision of employment
