A brief description of development in from Islamic Perspective

1. ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE

2. • “Balanced and sustained improvement in the material
and non-material well-being of man” (Sadeq, 1987).
• “Development means moral, spiritual and material
development of the individual and society leading to
maximum socioeconomic well-being with the
establishment of a just order resulting in the ultimate
good of mankind, here and hereafter” (Ahmad, 1994).
• “Process of fusing the material and spiritual progress
aimed at a continual growth of human personality”
(Hassan, 1995).

3. Value-Oriented:
Moral, Spiritual,
Materrial
Focus:
Man
Multidimension
Qualitative-
Quantitative
Changes
Resources:
Utilisation & Eq
Distribution

4. Policy objectives for development are:
• growth,
• employment,
• distributive justice,
• stability,
• self-reliance and
• environmental care.

5. Period I
• Growth became concern of LDC for 30 decades post
world war II and succeeded (3,5% per annum).
• However, its benefit was largely concentrated on the
modern sectors of economy, sharpening poverty and
income inequality.
Period II
• Basic Need Fulfillment became popular.

6. Period II
• Basic Need Fulfillment became
popular
• This approach is similar to Islam
which encompasses fulfillment of
basic need both material and
spiritual.
• BNF approach aimed at
minimizing poverty with growth
and this needs a great political
determination.
Economic growth
(development) is a
necessity. Without
enlarging the cake,
we cannot have better
distribution

7. • In Islam, growth is essential for a state but
within the actualization of equity.
• In term of social equity, Islam promote
distributive justice among people. It is
meant to minimize concentration of wealth
on only few group of people.
• Hence Islam would prefer a slower growth
rate if that is better in order to actualize
distributive justice.

8. • Islam encourage trade as the best means for earning.
This implies self-employment have more preference over
being employed.
• Infaq is encouraged but it does not imply Islam
encourage people to live on charity.
• Islam urges the importance of human capital
development through provision of adequate facilities for
education and training.
• As for the problem of unemployment, it is recommended
to having initiation of projects at place where the
unemployed live

9. 1
•The Motivation
2
•Role of State
3
•Population

10. • Capitalism play a role in secularizing social value
system.
• The evidence is installation of self-interest as the
system’s motivation base.
• Man drived by such motivation called homo
economicus.
• Self-interest destroyed the competition system
that was supposed to discipline it. Monopolistic
system become an integral part of capitalist
system.

11. Scientific Exploration
Technological
Breakthrough
Advancement of
Material Prosperity
Social Strife
Ecological Damage
Abuse of Power
Pursuit of Self-Interest

12. • Islam see behaviour of bipolar man on its conception
• The highest motivation for activity is believer’s passion to
follow the Devine Path.
• It insists that means for acquiring must remain fair and
Amanah view of wealth is not violated.
• Amanah seeks to convert the material ambition of man
into means of attaining spiritual heights.
• Hence, Islam encourages infaq and work for earning as
much as they can, with condition of avoiding waste and
extravagance on spending.
• This approach is promotive to growth

13. • To begin with market does not always work
efficiently, thus government intervention needed.
• Participation of the State must be substantial,
market regulation stringent and net social benefit
evaluation of projects.
• Examples of State Intervention:
1. In provision for minimum needs, the state
emphasizes the production of wage good
especially food.

14. 2. Adequate infrastructural facilities, including
institutional credit and marketing.
3. Agriculture must be integrated with the
programs of rural industrial and vocational
expansion.
4. Industrial development programmes give
importance to production of consumer goods
of mass use which absorb more labour.
5. National housing development programs with
emphasis on low cost simple construction
involving local material and techniques in the
rural areas. In addition, imposing some
restrictions for housing on urban areas.

15. 6. Minimum provision for health care. Preparing
staff with short training in treating common
health issue and encouragement to local
medical system.
7. Meaningful and purposive education policy
has to be a vital element of the Islamic
Programme, inducing the desired social and
economic change. This can be achieved by
giving a pronounced Islamic orientation to:
a. The general and basic education.
b. The familiy improvement education.
c. The community improvement education.
d. The occupational education and training.

16. 8. This education system should be
strengthened from inside and outside. From
inside, it can be strengthened through
appropriate allocation of resources, subsidy
schemes and entry quota for the weaker
sections and emphasis on the quality of
teaching.
9. Meanwhile, from outside, it may include:
a. Adjusting of imbalances, signals, and
incentives.
b. Modification of job-rationing by education
certification.
c. Curbs on brain drain

17. CONCLUSION
Muslim nations must forge close social
economic and cultural relations among
themselves and with other developing countries.
Regional development plans through pooling of
resources, sharing of knowledge, experience
and markets and he developing of heavy
countries, to serve wider area, may prove of
great advantage to all the participants. Such
cooperation can reduce their dependence on the
developed countries and international
institutions.