1. Characteristic of Life
There Are 7 Characteristic of Life
1)Organization
2)Homoeostasis
3)Metabolism
4)Reproduction
5)Growth&Development
6)Responseto Stimuli
7)Evolution
2. Organization
Living things have a level of complexity and organization not found in lifeless objects.
At its most fundamental level, a living thing is composed of one or more cells.
These units, generally too small to be seen with the naked eye, are organized into tissues.
A tissue is a series of cells that accomplish a shared
function.
Tissues, in turn, form organs, such as the stomach
and kidney.
A number of organs working together compose
an organ system.
An organism is a complex series of various organ systems.
3. Homeostasis
Inorder to function properly,cells need to haveappropriate conditions such asproper temperature, pH,
andappropriate concentration of diversechemicals.
Theseconditionsmay,however,changefromonemoment
to the next. Organisms are able to maintain internal
conditionswithinanarrowrangealmost constantly,
despite environmental changes,through homeostasis
(literally,“steady state”)—theability of anorganismto
maintain constantinternal conditions.
4. Metabolism
Living things exhibit a rapid turnover of chemical materials, which is referred to as metabolism.
Metabolism involves exchanges of chemical matter with the external environment and extensive
transformations of organic matter within the cells of a living organism.
Metabolism generally involves the release or use of chemical energy.
Nonliving things do not display metabolism.
5. Reproduction
Single-celled organisms reproduce by first duplicating their DNA, and then dividing it equally as the cell
prepares to divide to form two new cells.
M ulticellular organisms often produce
specialized reproductive germline cells that will
form new individuals.
When reproduction occurs, genes
containing DNA are passed along
to an organism’s offspring.
These genes ensure that the offspring will belong to the same species and will have similar characteristics,
such as size and shape.
6. Growth and Development
Organisms grow and develop following specific instructions coded for by their
genes.
These genes provide instructions
that will direct cellular growth and
development,ensuring that a
species’ young will grow up to
exhibit many of the same
characteristics as its parents.
7. Response to Stimuli
Organisms respond to diverse stimuli.
For example, plants can bend toward a source of light, climb on fences and walls, or respond to touch
Even tiny bacteria can move
toward or away from
chemicals (a process
called chemotaxis)or light
(phototaxis).
Movement toward a stimulus is considered a positive response, while movement away from a stimulus is
considered a negative response.
8. Evolution
Living organisms have the ability to adapt to their environment through the process of evolution.
During evolution, changes occur in populations, and the organisms in the population become better able to
metabolize, respond, and reproduce.
They develop abilities to cope with their
environment that their ancestors did not have.
Evolution also results in a greater variety of
organisms than existed in previous eras.
This proliferation of populations of organisms is unique to living things.
