AIR POLLUTION CAUSES AND EFFECTS - PREKSHA

1. CAUSES AND EFFECTS

2. AIR POLLUTION refers to the presence of harmful
substances and pollutants released into air. Air Pollution
occurs when harmful substances including particulates and
biological molecules are introduced into earths atmosphere
. It may cause diseases , allergies , or death of humans it
may also cause harm to other living organisms such as
animals and food crops and may damage the natural or
built environment . Human activity and natural processes
can both generate air pollution.
In other words air pollution refers to contamination of air
irrespective of indoors or outside. A physical , chemical, or
biological alteration in to air in the atmosphere is termed as
air pollution.

3. • Air pollutants are any substance in the atmosphere that is
likely to cause harm to:
• *Human , plant or animal life.
• *Damage to man made materials.
• *Changes in weather or climate.
• * Interfere with enjoyment of life and property.

4. • *Suspended particulate matter *Ammonia
• *Dust , smoke, fly ash *Carbon di oxide
• *Sulphur dioxide *Chlorine
• *Nitrogen dioxide *Hydrocarbons
• *Carbon monoxide *Radiations
• *Ozone *Hydrogen sulphide
• *Lead *Asbestos
• *Volatile organic compounds *Phosgene
• *Greenhouse gasses *Hydrogen fluoride
• *Chlorofluorocarbons

5. • NATURAL SOURCES
• * Natural contaminants(fungi, spores, cysts, bacteria,
methane, dust , etc. ).
• *Carbon monoxide from methane gas.
• *Volcanic eruptions.
• *Forest fires.
• *Electric storms and solar flares.
• *Salt spray from oceans.
• *Dust storms.
• MAN MADE SOURCES * Rapid industrialisation
*Automobile revolution *Deforestation.

6. ON HUMAN HEALTH
• *Irritate respiratory tract
• *Irritate eyes , nose, and throat.
• *Lead particles cause lead poisoning
• *Cadmium particles cause cardio vascular diseases
,kidney and liver damage.
• *Nickel particles causes respiratory damage
• *Mercury effects central nervous system kidney and brain
• *Radioactive substances affect future generations.

7. • *Feeding particulates coated plants (fluorine , lead,
arsenic) cause arsenic poisoning.
• *Lead poisoning causes bronchitis and lack of appetite in
pet animals.
• ON MATERIALS
• *Causes corrosion
• *Abrasion
• *Deposition
• *Chemical attack on surface

8. • LEAF DAMAGE
• SLOWED GROWTH
• INSECT INFESTATION
• PLANT DISEASE
• SLOWER PRODUCTIVITY
• ACID RAIN – HARM PLANTS

9. • Air pollution can be controlled by regulating the vehicles
and factories with green laws. Every vehicle and factory
must be bind to never emit smoke more than the
allowable limit.
• Allowable limit is the limit set by the regulatory authority
of a country. It prescribes how much various types of
gases from each factory and vehicle do not affect the air
quality. If a factory or vehicle crosses that limit it is
penalized.

10. • HOW COMMUNITIES CAN PREVENT AIR
POLLUTION?
• Communities can control air pollution by
• Planting more and more trees which reduce the harmful
effects of air pollution. Trees absorb the harmful gases
and release the healthy air
• Using public transport instead of private vehicle for daily
commuting
• Using bicycle to cover short distances
• Making habit of walking to move around in nearby areas

11. • HOW GOVERNMENT CAN CONTROL AIR POLLUTION?
• First of all government should develop practicable environmental laws that
neither hit the business interest of factories nor let the environment be affected.
• Government should develop an effective mechanism to enforce environmental
laws and penalize the polluting factory or vehicle without any lengthy process
• Government should also enhance public awareness on harms of air pollution to
promote voluntarism for maintaining the air quality.
• So these are a few air pollution control measures that can be adopted by
factories, vehicles owners and government.
• For mitigation of every type of pollution all have to play their role with dedication
because it is we who create the pollution so in the same sense it is we that can
control it better together.
• Otherwise we will not be able to hand over a high quality air environment to our
coming generations and they will surely be more vulnerable to it.

12. • Communities can control air pollution by
• Planting more and more trees which reduce the harmful
effects of air pollution. Trees absorb the harmful gases
and release the healthy air
• Using public transport instead of private vehicle for daily
commuting
• Using bicycle to cover short distances
• Making habit of walking to move around in nearby areas