pharmacology Mechanism of anti-inflammatory drugs summary Outline the role of anti-inflammatory drugs in ameliorating inflammation due to different mediators.

1. The
Objective
Mechanism
of Anti-inflammatory drugs
February 28, 2017

2. The
Objective
• Outline the role of anti-inflammatory drugs in
ameliorating inflammation due to different mediators.

3. Inflammation is a protective response.
However, its complications may lead to worse
conditions. Specially, in allergic
& auto-immune disease.
Why Stopping Inflammation?

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5. Classification
NSAIDsSteroids

6. Contain steroid nucleus
Glucocorticoids or Mineralocorticoids
Glucocorticoids are anti-inflammatory
Antipyretic
Analgesic
Anti-inflammatory effect
Classification
NSAIDsSteroids

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8. Mechanism
Steroids

9. Steroids bind to cytoplasmic receptor
Transfer to nucleus
Transcription of part of DNA
m.RNA
+++ protein synthesis
Mechanism

10. Lipocortin which inhibits phospholipase A2
resulting in inhibition of eicosanoids and PAF.
Synthesis & Release:
Inhibit Prostaglandins & Leukotrienes.
Mechanism

11. Synthesis & Release:
Interleukin-1
TNF-alpha
Cytokines
& other mediators are suppressed.
Mechanism

12. Inhibit:
Migration and Function of
neutrophils & monocytes
Phagocytosis
Mechanism

13. Side effects:
Eye: Cataract and glaucoma
Muscles: Muscle wasting
Blood pressure: ↑
Skin: thinning of the skin, Easy bruising
Bone: Osteoporosis
Mechanism

14. Mechanism
----------------→ Arachidonic ----------------→ Inflammatory mediators.
Cyclooxygenase
Lipoxygenase
lipase A2Phospho
Steroids

15. Mechanism
NSAIDs

16. Mechanism
They inhibit cyclooxygenase enzyme
Arachidonic ≠> Prostaglandins
≠> Fever, pain & Inflammation.
Side effects
Vomiting, Nausea, Constipation, Diarrhea, Reduced Appetite & others

17. Mechanism
----------------→ Arachidonic ----------------→ Inflammatory mediators.
ygenaseCycloox
Lipoxygenase
NSAIDs
Phospholipase A2

18. Mechanism
Cyclooxygenase

19. COX
Mechanism
An enzyme that is responsible for formation of prostanoids,
including thromboxane and prostaglandins.

20. Mechanism
COX-1 COX-3
Stomach HCl >
Prevent PU
Kidney >
Vasodilatation,
Diuresis of sodium
Renin
Inflammatory mediators
at Inflammatory sites.
CNS >
Fever
Pain
Brain >
Fever
Pain
COX-2

21. Steroids
NSAIDs
They inhibit COX Enzymes
Arachidonic ≠> Prostaglandins
≠> Fever, pain & Inflammation.
Steroids bind to cytoplasmic
receptor
Transfer to nucleus
Transcription of part of DNA
mRNA
+++ protein synthesis
Lipocortin which inhibits
phospholipase A2
resulting in inhibition of
eicosanoids and PAF.
Because
Of its complications.
Which may lead to
worse conditions.
Specially, in allergic and
auto-immune disease.
Glucocorticoids
Mineralocorticoids
Salicylates
Indole derivatives
Anthranilic A derivatives
Propionic acid derivatives
Aryl acid derivatives
Oxicams
Alkenones
Pyrazolone derivatives
Steroids
NSAIDs
W h y S t o p p i n g
I n f l a m m a t i o n ?
C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M e c h a n i s m

22. Sources & References :
Advisor >
Dr. Attia
Websites >Lippincott > QuMed >
• Introduction to Anti-inflammatory drugs.
• Inflammation I SlideShare