4. Planning a process that is based on the
analysis of the data and identify
needs and assess available
resources and use this analysis in
preparation for the change,
according to the objectives
7. controlling
• Management function that involves Monitoring actual
performance
• Taking corrective actions if necessary
• Comparing actual performance to standards
8. •Forecasting can be described as
predicting what the future will look
like, may rely on un certain
information
Forecasting
•planning predicts what the future
should look like, must rely on data
analysis ,statistics, indicators,
reports, estimation of needs
(budgets) and certain information
Planning
9. •it is suitable for when dealing with large
organization , characterized by complexity of the
composition ,many managers of different
departments share in doing it , the responsibility
on the ceo of organization ,accountability and cant
change easily must be documented, reports about
the progress in routine meetings)
Formal
•It is suitable when dealing with small
organization, it also done by the owner who plan
for extension or buying new equipment ,usually
not documented and not organized ,no body will
judge the complete of the plan or not and can
change the plan in any time he/she wants
Informal
10. generally involve plans the
vision of the organization in
the future (organization wide
establish over all objectives
and position concern for the
vision and doesn’t concern for
details at all and usually done
by the top managers or the
governmental policies)
Strategic
planning concern of short term
objectives and daily routine
activities caring for every
single process and steps for
applying it (specify the details
of how an organization's
overall objectives are to be
achieved
Operational
planning