Mubashir

1. EXPERIMENT 02
Basics of Microsoft DOS
Objectives
To develop understanding of Operating system basics command line interface through MS
DOS.
Equipment /tool Used
• Computer with any version of windows installed
Background
MS.DOS is an abbreviation for MICROSOFT DISK OPERATING SYSTEM, it is basically
a non-graphical command line operating system derived from 86-DOS MS-DOS enables a
user to navigate and perform several operations on their systems from a command line
instead of a window.
MS DOS Basic Commands
Sr.
No.
Task Commands used
a The Command Prompt C:/>
This is called the command prompt, the flashing
underscore next to the command prompt is called cursor.
The cursor shows where the command you type will
appear.
b Nul If you make a typing mistake, press the BACKSPACE key
to erase the mistake, and then try again.
Press ENTER.
c Viewing the Contents of a
Directory
Dir
d Changing Directories cd windows
The command prompt changes. It should now look like the
following:
C:WINDOWS>
e To view a list of the files in the
WINDOWS directory
Dir
To view contents of a directory on screen at a time
dir /p

2. When you used the /p switch with the dir command, you
specified that MS-DOS should pause after it displays each
screen of directory list information. The p stands for
"page".
To view the contents of a directory in wide format
cdcddir /w
If the directory contains more files than will fit on one
screen, you can combine the /p and /w switches as follows:
dir /w /p.
f Changing Back to the Root
Directory
cd
The command prompt should now look like the following:
C:>
g Creating a Directory In this section, you will create two directories. Creating a
directory is helpful if you want to organize related files into
groups to make them easy to find. Before you begin this
section, make sure the command prompt looks like the
following:
C:>
To create a directory, you will use the md command. The
md command stands for ‘make directory’
To create and change to a directory named FRUIT
1. Type the following at the command prompt:
2. md fruit
3. Dir
To change to the new FRUIT directory, type the following
at the command prompt:
cd fruit
The command prompt should now look like the following:
C:FRUIT>
You will now create a directory within the FRUIT
directory, named GRAPES.
To create and work with a directory named GRAPES
1. Type the following at the command prompt:

3. md grapes
To confirm that you successfully created the GRAPES
directory.
To change to the GRAPES directory, type the following at
the command prompt:
cd grapes
The command prompt should now look like the following:
C:FRUITGRAPES>
To switch back to the FRUIT
1. directory, type the following:
cd..
h Deleting a Directory
SSdirSS
In this section, you will delete the GRAPES directory.
Before you begin this section, make sure the command
prompt looks like the following:
C:FRUIT>
To delete a directory, use the rd command. The rd
command stands for ‘remove directory’
To delete the GRAPES directory
1. Type the following at the command prompt:
rd grapes
i Changing Directory C:FRUIT>
Type the following at the command prompt:
d:
j Copying Files
cop
Before you begin this section, make sure the command
prompt looks like the following: C:FRUIT>
To copy the NOTEPAD.EXE files from the WINDOWS
directory to the FRUIT directory
1. Return to the root directory by typing the
following at the command prompt:
cd
The command prompt should now look like the
following:
C:>
2. Change to the DOS directory by typing the
following at the command prompt:
cd windows
The command prompt should now look like the
following:
C:WINDOWS>

4. 3. To copy the NOTEPAD.EXE file from the
WINDOWS directory to the FRUIT directory,
type the following at the command prompt:
copy c:windowsnotepad.exe c:fruit
The following message appears:
1 file(s) copied
4. To confirm that yoctu copied the files successfully, view
the contents of the FRUIT directory by typing the
following at the command prompt:
dir fruit
k Rename a file To rename a file, you will use the ren command. The ren
command stands for "rename." When you use the ren
command, you must include two parameters.
ren old name new name
Before you begin this section, make sure your command
prompt looks like the following:
C:FRUIT>
1. To rename the NOTEPAD.EXE file to
PADNOTE.TXT, type the following at the
command prompt:
2.
ren notepad.exe padnote.txt
l Deleting Files Before you begin, make sure your command prompt looks
like the following:
C:FRUIT>
1. Delete the PADNOTE.TXT file by typing the
following at the command prompt:
del PADNOTE.TXT
To delete the FRUIT directory
Return to the root directory by typing the following at the
command prompt:
cd
You can see the FRUIT directory in the directory list by
typing the following at the command prompt:
dir or dir /p
Remove the FRUIT directory by typing the following at
the command prompt:
rd fruit.

5. Questions:
How are the following operations done in MS-DOS? See the syntax and know its function.
1. Net
2. Ping
3. Set
4. Assign
5. Attrib
6. Show the version of windows.
7. Show help
8. Show time
9. Show volume
10. What does Exit command do?
11. Tree
12. Pause
13. cls
a. The Command Prompt
b. Nul
Null
c. Viewing the Contents of a Directory

6. d. Changing Directories
To view a list of the files in the document directory

7. e. Changing Back to the Root Directory
f. Creating a Directory
g. Deleting a Directory
h. Changing Directory
i. Rename a file

8. Conclusion:
From this I have learn the root of commands used in PC and performing these
commands on command promt such as copy,delete,etc
i Copying Files