1. FIELD TRIPS
The class room can cover only a small
part of our total life. If the pupils leaving is to become full
and well rounded, the pupils must go beyond the four
walls of the classroom participate in the community and
learn from their experience.
If field trips are to be effective teaching aids, attention
must be given to the following.
 The purpose for which the trip is undertaken must
be clearly kept in mind.
 The time involved for the trip must be accurately
estimated.
 Students should be prepared for the trip.
 Evaluating the trip after it is computed is very
essential.
 Permission fro the head of the institution to take
the class out must be obtained.
Field trips are first hand experiences to places of
scientific importance. They arise from direct learning

2. situations. They play the same role in the learning of
science as do experiments and demonstration.
The Five steps in the conduct of field trips are:
1. Planning.
Planning is the initial step which is deterring the
future course of action. The proposed site should
be surveyed well in advance. Dale and time
should be decided, mode of travelling should be
travelling should be booked at the earliest.
Expected expense per student should be
calculated.
2. Preparation.
The aim of visit should be made clear to the
pupils. Places of scientific Interest, duties and
responsibilities of each pupil should be made
definite. Permission of the places to be visited
should be secured well in advance. Permission of
parents for the field trip should be obtained before
the commencement of the programme.
3. Execution

3. This step is concerned with the execution of the
plan ie, undertaking the activity, completing and
searching the results. If any unavoidable things
may happen, it is necessary to collect contact
telephone numbers of school personal to inform
them at the earliest. Here, teacher should act as a
guide.
4. Follow up.
Follow- up work will ascertain about the planning
and organization aspects of the field trip. Pupils
may be asked to write a report display materials
collected during field trip. Follow- up will be use
full in reviewing the role of each member.
5. Evaluation.
It is an essential and important stage in a field trip.
After the field trip, pupils must review their work
and try to see what mistakes they have committed
in execution. Thus is a stage of self criticism by
the pupils, which helps the teacher to improve the
future planning effectively.
Advantages.
 Field trips act as follow- up experiences

4.  Field trips should be for review and drill.
 During field trip all senses are brought into
action.
 Field trips awaken many interests that lass
room work cannot arouse.
 Field trip is the study of actual object and
objects stimulate more curiosity that do
ideas.
 Field trip permits a class to engage in
activities that are too noisy or too violent.
 Field trips are generally much more
closely related to the out – of- school
experiences of young people than an the
experiences gained in the class room.
Reference.
 Science Education- Theoretical Base of
Teaching & pedagogic analysis- Dr. T. M
Mollykutty.