قانون الالتزامات والعقود

1. ْٛٔ‫لب‬‫ٚاٌؼمٛد‬ ‫االٌزضاِبد‬
‫ظٙ١ش‬9ْ‫سِعب‬1331(11‫أغغطظ‬1913)
‫ثزبس٠خ‬ ‫ِح١ٕخ‬ ‫ص١غخ‬19‫ِبسط‬1115

2. -2-
ُ٠‫رمذ‬
،‫ٝحُو٠خث٤ش‬ ‫حُوخٗٞٗ٤ش‬ ‫حُٔؼِٞٓش‬ َ٘ٗ ‫ؿٔؼ٤ش‬ ٖٓ ‫رٔزخىٍس‬ٖٓ ‫حُؼي٣ي‬ ‫ؿٜٞى‬ ‫حَٜٜٗص‬ ‫ك٤غ‬
٢‫ؿٔخػ‬ َٔ‫ػ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٝح٩ىحٍ٣ش‬ ‫حُو٠خث٤ش‬ ‫حٌُلخءحص‬،‫ٓ٘ش‬ ْ‫ط‬2229َ٘ٗ‫ٛ٤ـش‬‫ُو‬ ‫ٓل٤٘ش‬ٕٞٗ‫خ‬
ٚٔ٤ٔ‫ٝطظ‬ َٙ٤٤‫طـ‬ ْ‫ط‬ ‫ًٔخ‬ ‫ٝحُؼوٞى‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬1
ٕٞٗ‫ُوخ‬ ‫حُٔؼَد‬ َٓ‫حٌُخ‬ ُٚ٘‫ح‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫حٓظ٘خىح‬ ،
‫ٓ٘ش‬ ‫ٝحُؼوٞى‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬59912
:‫حُظخُ٤ش‬ ‫حُوخٗٞٗ٤ش‬ ُٜٙٞ٘‫ح‬ ٠٠‫رٔوظ‬ ‫حُ٬كوش‬ ‫ٝحُظؼي٣٬ص‬ ،
-ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬ ‫رٔؼخرش‬ ‫حَُ٘٣ق‬ َ٤ٜ‫حُظ‬539939.1‫رظخٍ٣ن‬22ٍٝ٧‫ح‬ ‫ٍر٤غ‬5.5.
(52َ‫ٓزظٔز‬5999َٜ‫حُل‬ ْ٤ٔ‫رظظ‬ ‫حُٔظؼِن‬ )52.1‫ٝحُؼوٞى‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬ ٖٓ3
‫؛‬
-ٍ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ْ‫ه‬29391َٜ‫ُِل‬ ْٔ‫حُٔظ‬29.ٌٙ٤‫رظ٘ل‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ ‫ٝحُؼوٞى‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬ ٖٓ
ْ‫ٍه‬ ‫َٗ٣ق‬ َ٤ٜ‫ظ‬53913519‫رظخٍ٣ن‬59ٍٝ٧‫ح‬ ‫ٍر٤غ‬ ٖٓ5.59(55ْ‫أؿٔط‬5991)4
‫؛‬
-ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬..322‫ك‬ ‫حُؼوخٍحص‬ ‫رز٤غ‬ ‫حُٔظؼِن‬َ٤ٜ‫ظ‬ ٌٙ٤‫رظ٘ل‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ ،ُ‫ح٩ٗـخ‬ ٍٞ١ ٢
ْ‫ٍه‬ ‫َٗ٣ق‬53223929‫رظخٍ٣ن‬21‫ٍؿذ‬ ٖٓ5.29(9َ‫أًظٞر‬2222)5
‫؛‬
-ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬19321ٌٙ٤‫رظ٘ل‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ ،‫حُوخٗٞٗ٤ش‬ ‫ُِٔؼط٤خص‬ ٢َٗٝ‫ح٫ٌُظ‬ ٍ‫رخُظزخى‬ ‫حُٔظؼِن‬
ْ‫ٍه‬ ‫َٗ٣ق‬ َ٤ٜ‫ظ‬53293529‫رظخٍ٣ن‬59‫حُوؼيس‬ ١ً ٖٓ5.21(92َ‫ٗٞكٔز‬2229)6
‫؛‬
-ُ‫ح‬ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫وخ‬29351َٜ‫حُل‬ َ٤٤‫رظـ‬235٢‫ك‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ ‫حَُ٘٣ق‬ َ٤ٜ‫حُظ‬ ٖٓ9ٕ‫ٍٓ٠خ‬
5995(52ْ‫أؿٔط‬5959،‫ٝحُؼوٞى‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬ ‫رٔؼخرش‬ )َ٤ٜ‫حُظ‬ ٌٙ٤‫رظ٘ل‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬
ْ‫ٍه‬ ‫حَُ٘٣ق‬5351351‫رظخٍ٣ن‬29َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫ٍر٤غ‬ ٖٓ5.99(59َ٣‫كزَح‬2251‫حُـَ٣يس‬ ‫)؛‬
‫ػيى‬ ‫حَُٓٔ٤ش‬99..‫رظخٍ٣ن‬21ٝ٧‫ح‬ ٟ‫ؿٔخى‬٠ُ5.99(59ٍّ‫ٓخ‬2251ٙ ،)59153
‫حُـي٣يس‬ ‫حُٜ٤ـش‬ ٖٔ٠‫طظ‬ ،‫حًٌٍُٔٞس‬ ‫ُِٔزخىٍس‬ ‫ٝطظٔ٤ٔخ‬-ْ٣‫حُظوي‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ‫ٟٓٞٞع‬-َ٣‫حُظؼي‬
‫حُٔخىس‬ ‫رٔٞؿذ‬ ‫ٝحُؼوٞى‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬ ٚ‫ػَك‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ َ٤‫ح٧ه‬91ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٖٓ2.329
٢‫ك‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ ‫حَُ٘٣ق‬ َ٤ٜ‫حُظ‬ ْ٤ٔ‫ٝرظظ‬ ‫ٝحُويٓخص‬ ‫حُٔ٘ظٞؿخص‬ ‫رٔ٬ٓش‬ ‫٣ظؼِن‬9ٍٕ‫ٓ٠خ‬5995
(52ْ‫أؿٔط‬5959‫ٝحُؼوٞى‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬ ‫رٔؼخرش‬ )7
ْ٤ٔ‫طظ‬ ْ‫ط‬ ‫رٔوظ٠خٛخ‬ ٢‫ٝحُظ‬ ،ْٔ‫حُو‬
1-،‫حُوخٗٞٗ٤ش‬ ُٜٙٞ٘‫ح‬ ‫ِِٓٔش‬ ،‫ٝحُو٠خث٤ش‬ ‫حُوخٗٞٗ٤ش‬ ‫حُٔؼِٞٓش‬ َ٘ٗ ‫ؿٔؼ٤ش‬ ‫ٍٓ٘٘ٞحص‬ ،‫ٝحُؼوٞى‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬
‫ػيى‬5.َ٣‫٣٘خ‬ ،22293
2-٤‫حُٔـَر‬ ًْ‫حُٔلخ‬ ٞ‫رؼ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫رٜخ‬ ٫ٞٔ‫ٓؼ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫ح٧ٓخٓ٤ش‬ ٖ٤ٗ‫حُوٞح‬ ‫طؼَ٣ذ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬‫ٓ٘ش‬ ٌ٘ٓ ‫ش‬5959‫أُٝٞ٣ش‬ َ‫٣ؼظز‬ ،
‫ٝحُظؼَ٣ذ‬ ‫ٝحُٔـَرش‬ ‫حُظٞك٤ي‬ ‫ٓ٤خٓش‬ ‫ٗـخف‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٟٜٞ‫ه‬‫ٓ٘ش‬5991‫ك٤غ‬ ‫؛‬ُٜٙٞ٘‫ح‬ ْ٤ٔ‫رظؼ‬ ٍ‫حُؼي‬ ‫ُٝحٍس‬ ‫هخٓض‬
3ًْ‫حُٔلخ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫طُٞ٣ؼٜخ‬ ْ‫ٝط‬ ،‫ٝحُؼوٞى‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬ ‫ٓويٓظٜخ‬ ٢‫ٝك‬ ‫حُٔؼَرش‬
،‫حُ٘وطش‬ ٌٙٛ ٍٞ‫ك‬ َ٤ٛ‫حُظلخ‬ ٖٓ ‫ُِِٔ٣ي‬٠ٟ‫ف‬ ‫شاجغ‬‫اٌٍّحك‬‫أ‬ٍٗ‫عف‬‫ؿٔؼ‬ ‫ًِٔش‬ ،‫ٝحُو٠خث٤ش‬ ‫حُوخٗٞٗ٤ش‬ ‫حُٔؼِٞٓش‬ َ٘ٗ ‫٤ش‬
‫رخُؼيى‬ ‫حٍُٔ٘٘ٞس‬5.3ًٌَُ‫ح‬ ‫ٓخُق‬ ٖٓ
3-‫ػيى‬ ‫حَُٓٔ٤ش‬ ‫حُـَ٣يس‬.222‫رظخٍ٣ن‬52َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫ٍر٤غ‬5.5.(29َ‫ٓزظٔز‬5999ٙ ،)51923
4-‫ػيى‬ ‫حَُٓٔ٤ش‬ ‫حُـَ٣يس‬.929‫رظخٍ٣ن‬52َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫ٍر٤غ‬5.59(9َ‫ٓزظٔز‬5991ٙ ،)2..93
5-‫ػيى‬ ‫حَُٓٔ٤ش‬ ‫حُـَ٣يس‬5054‫رظخٍ٣ن‬2ٕ‫ٍٓ٠خ‬5.29(9َ‫ٗٞٗز‬(2002ٙ ،95193
6-‫ػيى‬ ‫حَُٓٔ٤ش‬ ‫حُـَ٣يس‬111.‫رظخٍ٣ن‬21‫حُوؼيس‬ ١ً ٖٓ5.21)9َ‫ى٣ٔٔز‬2229(ٙ ،91993
7-ْ‫ٍه‬ ‫َٗ٣ق‬ َ٤ٜ‫ظ‬535535.2٢‫ك‬ ٍ‫ٛخى‬59ٕ‫ٍٓ٠خ‬ ٖٓ5.92(59ْ‫أؿٔط‬2255‫حَُٓٔ٤ش‬ ‫حُـَ٣يس‬ ،)
‫ػيى‬1912‫رظخٍ٣ن‬29ٍ‫ٗٞح‬5.92(22َ‫ٓزظٔز‬2255ٙ ،).9913

3. -9-
‫ٓل٤٘ش‬ ٖٓ‫ٛٞح‬ ‫حُـي٣يس‬ ‫حُٜ٤ـش‬ ٌٙٛ ٖ٤ٔ٠‫ط‬ ْ‫ط‬ ‫ًٔخ‬ 3‫ٍحرغ‬ ‫رخد‬ ٚ٘ٓ ٍٝ٧‫ح‬ ‫حٌُظخد‬ ٖٓ ٍٝ٧‫ح‬
‫حُـي٣يس‬ ٖ٤ٗ‫حُوٞح‬ ٞ‫رزؼ‬ ‫طظؼِن‬ ‫ؿي٣يس‬ َٟ‫ٝأه‬(‫ٝٓيٝٗش‬ ١ٍ‫حُؼوخ‬ ‫رخُظلل٤ع‬ ‫حُٔظؼِن‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬
ٞ‫حُلو‬3)‫حُٔٔظِٜي‬ ‫ُلٔخ٣ش‬ َ٤‫طيحر‬ ‫رظلي٣ي‬ ٢ٟ‫حُوخ‬ ٕٞٗ‫ٝحُوخ‬ ‫حُؼ٤٘٤ش‬ ‫م‬

4. -.-
‫ٚاٌؼمٛد‬ ‫االٌزضاِبد‬ ْٛٔ‫لب‬

5. -1-
‫اٌىزبة‬َ‫ػب‬ ٗ‫ثٛج‬ ‫االٌزضاِبد‬ :‫األٚي‬
ُ‫اٌمغ‬‫األٚي‬:‫االٌزضاِبد‬ ‫ِصبدس‬
ً‫اٌفص‬1
ٙ‫أٗزخ‬ ٖ‫ٝػ‬ ‫ح٩ٍحىس‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٔؼزَس‬ َٟ‫ح٧ه‬ ‫ٝحُظَٜ٣لخص‬ ‫ح٫طلخهخص‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ‫ط٘٘ؤ‬
‫ح‬ ٖ‫ٝػ‬ ‫حُؼوٞى‬ْ‫ُـَحث‬ٖ‫ٝػ‬ْ‫حُـَحث‬ ٙ‫أٗزخ‬8
3
‫اٌجبة‬‫األٚي‬:ٜ‫األخش‬ ‫ٚاٌزصش٠حبد‬ ‫االرفبلبد‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫رٕشأ‬ ٟ‫اٌز‬ ‫االٌزضاِبد‬
‫اإلسادح‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫اٌّؼجشح‬
ً‫اٌفص‬1
ٕ‫ح٧ًٍخ‬9
٢ٛ ‫ح٩ٍحىس‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ َ٤‫حُظؼز‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُ٘خٗجش‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ‫ُٜلش‬ ‫حُ٬ُٓش‬:
5-ّ‫ُ٬ُظِح‬ ‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬‫؛‬
2-ٓ‫ح٧ٓخ‬ َٛ‫حُؼ٘خ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫٣وغ‬ ‫ح٩ٍحىس‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ٛل٤ق‬ َ٤‫طؼز‬ّ‫ُ٬ُظِح‬ ‫٤ش‬‫؛‬
9-ّ‫ُ٬ُظِح‬ ٬‫ٓل‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ٕ٧ ‫٣ِٜق‬ ‫ٓلون‬ ‫ٗ٢ء‬‫؛‬
.-ّ‫ُ٬ُظِح‬ ‫َٓ٘ٝع‬ ‫ٓزذ‬3
8-‫ػزخٍس‬ ٢َٔٗ‫حُل‬ ُٚ٘‫ح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٍٝىص‬"des délits et des quasi-délits" "ْ‫حُـَحث‬ ٙ‫ٝأٗزخ‬ ْ‫حُـَحث‬ ٖ‫ػ‬"ٍ‫ري‬"ٖ‫ػ‬
ْ‫حُـَحث‬ ٙ‫أٗزخ‬ ٖ‫ٝػ‬ ْ‫حُـَحث‬"َ٤‫ؿ‬ ‫(حُوطؤ‬ ‫حُـَ٣ٔش‬ ٚ‫ٝٗز‬ )١‫حُؼٔي‬ ‫(حُوطؤ‬ ‫كخُـَ٣ٔش‬ ‫حُؼَر٤ش؛‬ ‫حُظَؿٔش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ؿخء‬ ‫ًٔخ‬
ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬ ٍ‫ٜٓخى‬ ٖٓ ‫ٝحكي‬ ٍ‫ٜٓي‬ ،)١‫حُؼٔي‬‫حُزخد‬ ٕ‫ػ٘ٞح‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫ٓطخروش‬ ‫حَُٔ٘ٝع؛‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ َٔ‫حُؼ‬ ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ‫٣طِن‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬
:ٚ٤‫ك‬ ‫ٍٝى‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫حُؼخُغ‬"ْ‫حُـَحث‬ ٙ‫ٝأٗزخ‬ ْ‫حُـَحث‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُ٘خٗجش‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬"3
َٜ‫حُل‬ ‫ٛ٤خؿش‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ‫ٝرٌُي‬5:٢‫ًخ٥ط‬ ٙ٬‫أػ‬ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٔؼزَس‬ َٟ‫ح٧ه‬ ‫ٝحُظَٜ٣لخص‬ ‫ح٫طلخهخص‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ‫ط٘٘ؤ‬
َ‫حُـ‬ ٖ‫ٝػ‬ ‫حُؼوٞى‬ ٙ‫أٗزخ‬ ٖ‫ٝػ‬ ‫ح٩ٍحىس‬ْ‫حث‬ُ‫اٌجشائ‬ ٖ‫ٚأشجب‬3
9-‫ػزخٍس‬ ٢َٔٗ‫حُل‬ ُٚ٘‫ح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٍٝىص‬"les éléments""َٛ‫حُؼ٘خ‬"ٕ‫ح٧ًٍخ‬ ٍ‫ري‬‫حُؼَر٤ش‬ ‫حُظَؿٔش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ؿخء‬ ‫ًٔخ‬‫؛‬
3‫رؼ٠ٜخ‬ ٍ٬‫رخهظ‬ َ‫طوظ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُٔخٛ٤ش‬ ‫أؿِحء‬ ٢ٜ‫ك‬ ٕ‫ح٧ًٍخ‬ ‫أٓخ‬ ،‫حُٜلش‬ ١َٝٗٝ ٕ‫ح٧ًٍخ‬ ‫طٔظـَم‬ َٛ‫كخُؼ٘خ‬
٧ ،‫ًٍ٘خ‬ ‫ُ٤ٔض‬ ‫حُٔزيأ‬ ‫ك٤غ‬ ٖٓ ‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ٝحُٔ٬كع‬3‫حُٜلش‬ ١َٝٗ ٖٓ ‫ٝاٗٔخ‬ ‫حُٔخٛ٤ش‬ ‫أؿِحء‬ ٖٓ َ‫طؼظز‬ ٫ ‫ٜٗخ‬
‫حُلوَس‬ ‫ٛ٤خؿش‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ‫ٝرٌُي‬5َٜ‫حُل‬ ٖٓ2:٢‫ًخ٥ط‬ ٙ٬‫أػ‬‫اٌؼٕبصش‬َ٤‫حُظؼز‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُ٘خٗجش‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ‫ُٜلش‬ ‫حُ٬ُٓش‬
333 :٢ٛ ‫ح٩ٍحىس‬ ٖ‫ػ‬

6. -9-
ً‫اٌفص‬1.110
‫ػ٘يٓخ‬،٢ٗٞٗ‫هخ‬ ‫طَٜف‬ ‫ُٜلش‬ ‫حٌُظخرش‬ ١َ‫ط٘ظ‬‫اػيحى‬ ٌٖٔ٣‫ٛخ‬ٜ‫ٝكلظ‬‫خ‬٢َٗٝ‫اٌُظ‬ ٌَ٘‫ر‬
ٖ٤ِٜ‫حُل‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ػِ٤ٜخ‬ ُٜٙٞ٘ٔ‫ح‬ ١َُٝ٘‫ح‬ ‫ٝكن‬417-1ٝ417-2ٙ‫أىٗخ‬11
3
ٓ ٕ‫ر٤خ‬ ٚ٘ٓ ‫٣طِذ‬ ‫ػ٘يٓخ‬ ،ِّ‫ُِِٔظ‬ ٌٖٔ٣‫اًح‬ ٢َٗٝ‫اٌُظ‬ ٌَ٘‫ر‬ َٙ٣َ‫رظل‬ ّٞ‫٣و‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ،ٙ‫ر٤ي‬ ‫ٌظٞد‬
3‫رٌُي‬ ّ‫حُو٤خ‬ ٌٚ٘ٔ٣ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫حُٞك٤ي‬ ٚٗ‫أ‬ ٕ‫ٟٔخ‬ َٙ٣َ‫طل‬ ١َٝٗ ٕ‫ٗؤ‬ ٖٓ ٕ‫ًخ‬
‫حُٔظؼِوش‬ ‫حُؼَك٤ش‬ ‫ٝحُٔلٍَحص‬ ‫ح٧َٓس‬ ‫ٓيٝٗش‬ ّ‫أكٌخ‬ ‫رظطز٤ن‬ ‫حُٔظؼِوش‬ ‫حُٞػخثن‬ ٕ‫أ‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬
ٌ‫٧ك‬ ‫طو٠غ‬ ٫ ١ٍ‫حُظـخ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٢ٗ‫حُٔي‬ ‫حُطخرغ‬ ‫ًحص‬ ،‫حُؼ٤٘٤ش‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫حُ٘وٜ٤ش‬ ‫رخُ٠ٔخٗخص‬‫ٌٛح‬ ّ‫خ‬
ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬12
3ٚ‫ٜٓ٘ظ‬ ٝ‫٧ؿَح‬ ٚ‫ٗو‬ ٕ‫ُي‬ ٖٓ ‫حُٔ٘ـِس‬ ‫حُٔلٍَحص‬ ‫ٓخػيح‬ ،
‫اٌفشع‬‫األٚي‬:‫األٍ٘١خ‬13
ً‫اٌفص‬3
‫حُ٘وٜ٤ش‬ ُٚ‫أكٞح‬ ٕٞٗ‫ُوخ‬ ‫طو٠غ‬ ‫ُِلَى‬ ‫حُٔيٗ٤ش‬ ‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬14
3
ّ‫ٝح٫ُظِح‬ ّ‫ُ٪ُِح‬ َٛ‫أ‬ ٚ‫ٗو‬ ًَٝ15
‫ًُي‬ َ٤‫رـ‬ ‫حُ٘وٜ٤ش‬ ُٚ‫أكٞح‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬ ‫٣َٜف‬ ُْ ‫ٓخ‬16
3
10-َٜ‫حُل‬ ََّْٔ‫ط‬2-1ُ٘‫ح‬ َ٤ٜ‫حُظ‬ ٖٓ ٍٝ٧‫ح‬ ‫حٌُظخد‬ ٖٓ ٍٝ٧‫ح‬ ْٔ‫حُو‬ ٖٓ ٍٝ٧‫ح‬ ‫حُزخد‬ ،ٙ٬‫أػ‬‫رٔؼخرش‬ َ‫حُٔؼظز‬ ‫َ٣ق‬
‫حُٔخىس‬ ٠٠‫رٔوظ‬ ‫ًُٝي‬ ‫ٝحُؼوٞى؛‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬2ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٖٓ19321‫ُِٔؼط٤خص‬ ٢َٗٝ‫ح٫ٌُظ‬ ٍ‫رخُظزخى‬ ‫٣ظؼِن‬
ْ‫ٍه‬ ‫َٗ٣ق‬ َ٤ٜ‫ظ‬ ٌٙ٤‫رظ٘ل‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ ،‫حُوخٗٞٗ٤ش‬1.07.129٢‫ك‬ ٍ‫ٛخى‬59‫حُوؼيس‬ ١ً ٖٓ5.21)92َ‫ٗٞكٔز‬2229(،
‫ػيى‬ ‫حَُٓٔ٤ش‬ ‫حُـَ٣يس‬111.‫رظخٍ٣ن‬21ٖٓ‫حُوؼيس‬ ١ً5.21)9َ‫ى٣ٔٔز‬2229(ٙ ،91993
‫ٝ٣ليى‬ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ٚ٘ٓ ٠ُٝ٧‫ح‬ ‫حُٔخىس‬ ‫كٔذ‬‫رطَ٣وش‬ ‫طزخىُٜخ‬ ْ‫٣ظ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُوخٗٞٗ٤ش‬ ‫حُٔؼط٤خص‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٔطزن‬ ّ‫حُ٘ظخ‬
‫حُظٞه٤غ‬ ٠ِ‫ٝػ‬ ،‫اٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬ ‫ىػخٓش‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٔؼيس‬ ‫ٝطِي‬ ،‫حٍُٞم‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٔلٍَس‬ ‫حُٞػخثن‬ ٖ٤‫ر‬ ‫حُٔؼخىُش‬ ٠ِ‫ٝػ‬ ‫اٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬
ًٔ 3٢َٗٝ‫ح٩ٌُظ‬‫حُٜٔخىهش‬ ‫هيٓخص‬ ٢ٓ‫ٓوي‬ َ‫هز‬ ٖٓ ‫حُٔ٘ـِس‬ ‫حُؼِٔ٤خص‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٔطزن‬ ٢ٗٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٍ‫ح٩١خ‬ ‫٣ليى‬ ‫خ‬
‫حُٜ٘خىحص‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٖ٤ِٛ‫حُلخ‬ ٕ‫ُي‬ ٖٓٝ ٖ٣ًٌٍُٞٔ‫ح‬ ‫حُويٓش‬ ٢ٓ‫ٓوي‬ ٕ‫ُي‬ ٖٓ ‫رٜخ‬ ‫حُظو٤ي‬ ‫حُٞحؿذ‬ ‫حُوٞحػي‬ ‫ًٌٝح‬ ‫ح٩ٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬
3‫حُِٔٔٔش‬ ‫ح٩ٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬
11-َٜ‫حُل‬ ّ‫أكٌخ‬ َ٤٤‫طـ‬ ْ‫ط‬235ُ‫ح‬ ‫حُٔخىس‬ ٠٠‫رٔوظ‬ ،ٙ٬‫أػ‬ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٖٓ ‫لَ٣يس‬29351َٜ‫حُل‬ َ٤٤‫رظـ‬235ٖٓ
٢‫ك‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ ‫حَُ٘٣ق‬ َ٤ٜ‫حُظ‬9ٕ‫ٍٓ٠خ‬5995(52ْ‫أؿٔط‬5959،‫ٝحُؼوٞى‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬ ‫رٔؼخرش‬ )ٍ‫حُٜخى‬
ْ‫ٍه‬ ‫حَُ٘٣ق‬ َ٤ٜ‫حُظ‬ ٌٙ٤‫رظ٘ل‬5351351‫رظخٍ٣ن‬29َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫ٍر٤غ‬ ٖٓ5.99(59َ٣‫كزَح‬2251‫حَُٓٔ٤ش‬ ‫حُـَ٣يس‬ ‫)؛‬
‫ػيى‬99..‫رظخٍ٣ن‬21٠ُٝ٧‫ح‬ ٟ‫ؿٔخى‬5.99(59ٍّ‫ٓخ‬2251ٙ ،)59153
12-،َٜ‫حُل‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٕٞٗ‫رخُوخ‬ ‫حُٔوٜٞى‬ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬19321‫حُوخٗٞٗ٤ش‬ ‫ُِٔؼط٤خص‬ ٢َٗٝ‫ح٫ٌُظ‬ ٍ‫رخُظزخى‬ ‫حُٔظؼِن‬3
13-‫حُٔخىس‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ٍٕ‫هخ‬229ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٖٓ ‫رؼيٛخ‬ ‫ٝٓخ‬92329َ٤ٜ‫ظ‬ ٌٙ٤‫رظ٘ل‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ ‫ح٧َٓس‬ ‫ٓيٝٗش‬ ‫رٔؼخرش‬‫َٗ٣ق‬
ْ‫ٍه‬532.322‫رظخٍ٣ن‬52‫حُلـش‬ ١ً ٖٓ5.2.(9َ٣‫كزَح‬222.‫ػيى‬ ،‫حَُٓٔ٤ش‬ ‫حُـَ٣يس‬ ‫)؛‬151.٢‫ك‬ ‫رظخٍ٣ن‬
5.‫حُلـش‬ ١ً ٖٓ5.2.(1َ٣‫كزَح‬222.،)ٙ.513
14-َٜ‫حُل‬ َ‫حٗظ‬9‫رظخٍ٣ن‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ ‫رخُٔـَد‬ ٖ٤٤َٔٗ‫ٝحُل‬ ‫ُ٨ؿخٗذ‬ ‫حُٔيٗ٤ش‬ ‫حُٟٞؼ٤ش‬ َ٤ٜ‫ظ‬ ٖٓ52‫ؿ٘ض‬59593
15-‫حُٔخىس‬229‫ح٧َٓس‬ ‫ٓيٝٗش‬ ٖٓ:«٢ٗٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ‫حَُٗي‬ ٖٓ51‫ًخِٓش‬ ‫ٗٔٔ٤ش‬ ‫ٓ٘ش‬»3
16-‫حُٔخىس‬252:‫ح٧َٓس‬ ‫ٓيٝٗش‬ ٖٓ«ٝ‫أ‬ ٚ‫أِٛ٤ظ‬ ٕ‫ٗوٜخ‬ ‫أٓزخد‬ ٖٓ ‫ٓزذ‬ ‫٣ؼزض‬ ُْٝ ‫حَُٗي‬ ٖٓ ‫رِؾ‬ ٚ‫ٗو‬ ًَ
ٚ‫حُظِحٓخط‬ َٔ‫ٝطل‬ ٚ‫كوٞه‬ ‫ُٔزخَٗس‬ ‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ َٓ‫ًخ‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ‫حٗؼيحٜٓخ‬»3

7. -9-
ً‫اٌفص‬4
‫اًح‬ِٛ٧‫ح‬ ٚ‫ٝٗخه‬ َٛ‫حُوخ‬ ‫طؼخهي‬‫٤ش‬17
‫ح٧د‬ ًٕ‫ا‬ َ٤‫رـ‬ٝ‫أ‬٢ُٛٞ‫ح‬ٝ‫أ‬ّ‫حُٔوي‬18
٫ ‫كبٜٗٔخ‬
‫٣زَٓخٜٗخ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫رخُظؼٜيحص‬ ٕ‫٣ِِٓخ‬،ٝ‫ُٜٔخ‬ٕ‫أ‬‫ٌٛح‬ ٠٠‫رٔوظ‬ ‫حُٔوٍَس‬ ١َُِٝ٘ ‫ٝكوخ‬ ‫ارطخُٜخ‬ ‫٣طِزخ‬
َ٤ٜ‫حُظ‬19
3
َٛ‫حُوخ‬ ‫طؼٜيحص‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُ٘خٗجش‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ‫طٜل٤ق‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ ٚٗ‫أ‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ ٚ‫ٗخه‬،‫اًح‬
‫ح٧د‬ ‫ٝحكن‬ٝ‫أ‬٢ُٛٞ‫ح‬ٝ‫أ‬َٜ‫ط‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ّ‫حُٔوي‬َٛ‫حُوخ‬ ‫ف‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ ٚ‫ٗخه‬3ٍ‫طٜي‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ٝ٣ـذ‬
ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٚ٤٠‫٣وظ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ٌَُ٘‫ح‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٔٞحكوش‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬520
‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ ٚ‫ُٝ٘خه‬ َٛ‫ُِوخ‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ٕ‫أ‬‫٣ـِزخ‬‫ُ٘لٜٔٔخ‬‫ح٧د‬ ‫ٓٔخػيس‬ َ٤‫رـ‬ ُٞٝ ‫ٗلؼخ‬ٝ‫أ‬
٢ُٛٞ‫ح‬ٝ‫أ‬ّ‫حُٔوي‬،٠٘‫رٔؼ‬‫أ‬‫ُٜٔخ‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ ٕٚٗ‫أ‬‫حُٜزش‬ ٬‫٣وز‬ٝ‫أ‬ٖٓ َ‫آه‬ ‫طزَع‬ ١‫أ‬ٚٗ‫ٗؤ‬ٕ‫أ‬‫٣ؼَ٣ٜٔخ‬
ٝ‫أ‬‫٣زَث‬ٕٝ‫ى‬ ّ‫حُظِح‬ ٖٓ ‫ٜٔخ‬‫أ‬‫طٌِ٤ق‬ ١‫أ‬ ‫٣لِٜٔٔخ‬ ٕ3
ً‫اٌفص‬6
٢ُٛٞ‫ح‬ ٖٓ ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٖ‫حُطؼ‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ٝ‫أ‬ٙ‫ٍٗي‬ ٚ‫رِٞؿ‬ ‫رؼي‬ َٛ‫حُوخ‬ ٖٓ،‫ٌٛح‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ُٞٝ
ٖٓ ‫حكظ٤خُ٤ش‬ ‫١َهخ‬ َٔ‫حٓظؼ‬ ‫هي‬ َ٤‫ح٧ه‬ٜٗ‫ٗؤ‬ٙ‫رَٗي‬ ‫ح٫ػظوخى‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫حُٔظؼخهي‬ َٔ‫طل‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫خ‬ٝ‫أ‬
ٚ٤ٛٝ ‫رٔٞحكوش‬ٝ‫أ‬‫طخؿَح‬ ٌٚٗٞ‫ر‬3
ٓ ‫ًُي‬ ‫ٓغ‬ َٛ‫حُوخ‬ ٠‫ٝ٣زو‬ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬ ٖٓ ِٜٚ‫حٓظو‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫حُ٘لغ‬ ‫كيٝى‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ِظِٓخ‬،‫ًُٝي‬
‫ٌٛح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫حُٔوٍَس‬ ١َُٝ٘‫ح‬ ٠٠‫رٔوظ‬َ٤ٜ‫حُظ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬7
‫ٝحُٜ٘خػش‬ ‫حُظـخٍس‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٛل٤لخ‬ ‫اًٗخ‬ ُٚ ًٕٝ‫حُٔؤ‬ َٛ‫حُوخ‬،ُٚ ‫٣ٔٞؽ‬ ٫ٕ‫أ‬ٍ‫ارطخ‬ ‫٣طِذ‬
ٚ‫طـخٍط‬ ‫رٔزذ‬ ‫رٜخ‬ َٔ‫طل‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُظؼٜيحص‬ُٚ ‫حُٔٔ٘ٞف‬ ًٕ٩‫ح‬ ‫كيٝى‬ ٢‫ك‬،َٔ٘٣ ٍ‫ح٧كٞح‬ ‫ؿٔ٤غ‬ ٢‫ٝك‬
ٛ‫ك٤ٜخ‬ ًٕٝ‫حُٔؤ‬ ‫حُظـخٍس‬ ٢١‫ُظؼخ‬ ‫حُ٠ٍَٝ٣ش‬ ٍ‫ح٧ػٔخ‬ ًٕ٩‫ح‬ ‫ٌح‬21
3
17-‫حُٔخىس‬259:‫ح٧َٓس‬ ‫ٓيٝٗش‬ ٖٓ«:‫ح٧ىحء‬ ‫أِٛ٤ش‬ ٚ‫ٗخه‬ َ‫٣ؼظز‬5-ٖٓ ‫٣زِؾ‬ ُْٝ ِ٤٤ٔ‫حُظ‬ ٖٓ ‫رِؾ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ َ٤‫حُٜـ‬
‫حَُٗي؛‬2-‫حُٔل٤ٚ؛‬9–ٙٞ‫حُٔؼظ‬«3
18-‫حُٔخىس‬ ‫ٓوظ٠٤خص‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ٍٕ‫هخ‬229:ٕ‫أ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٚ٘‫ط‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫ح٧َٓس‬ ‫ٓيٝٗش‬ ٖٓ«‫آخ‬ َٛ‫حُوخ‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حَُ٘ػ٤ش‬ ‫حُ٘٤خرش‬
ْ٣‫طوي‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ٝٛخ٣ش‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ٝ٫٣ش‬»3‫ٝحُٔخىس‬292‫ك٤غ‬ ‫حُٔيٝٗش‬ ْ‫ٗل‬ ٖٓ:٢‫حَُ٘ػ‬ ‫رخُ٘خثذ‬ ‫٣وٜي‬5-ُ‫ح‬‫ح٧د‬ ٞٛٝ ٢ُٞ
‫ٝحُوخٟ٢؛‬ ّ٧‫ٝح‬2-‫ح٧ّ؛‬ ٢ٛٝ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ح٧د‬ ٢ٛٝ ٞٛٝ ٢ُٛٞ‫ح‬9-3‫حُو٠خء‬ ٚ٘٤‫٣ؼ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ٞٛٝ ّ‫حُٔوي‬
19-‫حُٔخىس‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ ٚ‫ٗخه‬ ‫طَٜكخص‬ ّ‫أكٌخ‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ٍٕ‫هخ‬2213‫ح٧َٓس‬ ‫ٓيٝٗش‬ ٖٓ ‫رؼيٛخ‬ ‫ٝٓخ‬
20-ٖ‫ػ‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٍٜٞ‫ك‬ ٞ‫رؼ‬ ‫طظليع‬"َٛ‫حُوخ‬""le mineur"ٝ"‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ ٚ‫ٗخه‬""l'incapable"‫ر٤٘ٔخ‬ ‫ٓؼخ؛‬
ٖ‫ػ‬ َٟ‫أه‬ ٍٜٞ‫ك‬ ‫طظليع‬"َٛ‫حُوخ‬"3٢‫كو‬
21-‫حُٔخىس‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ٍٕ‫هخ‬229:ٚٗ‫أ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٚ٘‫ط‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫ح٧َٓس‬ ‫ٓيٝٗش‬ ٖٓ
«3ٍ‫ح٫هظزخ‬ ‫روٜي‬ ‫٩ىحٍطٜخ‬ ُٚ‫أٓٞح‬ ٖٓ ‫ؿِءح‬ ِْٔ‫٣ظ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ِ٤ُٔٔ‫ح‬ َ٤‫ُِٜـ‬ ٌٖٔ٣
ُٛٞ‫ح‬ ٖٓ ‫١ِذ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ر٘خء‬ ٖ٣َٛ‫حُوخ‬ ٕٝ‫ر٘ئ‬ ‫حٌُِٔق‬ ٢ٟ‫حُوخ‬ ٖٓ ٍ‫روَح‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٢ُُٞ‫ح‬ ٖٓ ًٕ٩‫ح‬ ٍ‫٣ٜي‬ٝ‫أ‬ ّ‫حُٔوي‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٢
3َٓ٧‫رخ‬ ٢٘‫حُٔؼ‬ َ٤‫حُٜـ‬

8. -1-
ً‫اٌفص‬8
ٍ‫أهٞح‬ ‫ٓٔخع‬ ‫ٝرؼي‬ ‫حُٔلٌٔش‬ ًٕ‫رب‬ ‫ٝهض‬ ١‫أ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬‫اُـخء‬ َٛ‫حُوخ‬٢١‫رظؼخ‬ ًٕ٩‫ح‬
‫حُظـخٍس‬‫اًح‬ٍَٙ‫طز‬ ‫هط٤َس‬ ‫أٓزخد‬ ‫ٛ٘خى‬ ‫طٞكَص‬3‫ح٩ُـخء‬ ‫ٌُٜح‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ٫ٝ‫أ‬‫رخُ٘ٔزش‬ َ‫ػ‬٠ُ‫ا‬
٩‫ح‬ ٍٜٞ‫ك‬ َ‫هز‬ َٛ‫حُوخ‬ ‫ك٤ٜخ‬ ‫َٗع‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُٜلوخص‬‫ُـخء‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬9
‫ىحثٔخ‬ ٕ‫٣ِظِٓخ‬ ‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ ٚ‫ٝٗخه‬ َٛ‫حُوخ‬،ٚٓ‫حُظِح‬ َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫حُطَف‬ ٌ٤‫ط٘ل‬ ‫رٔزذ‬،ٝ٢‫ك‬ ‫ًُي‬
‫ٌٛح‬ ٖٓ ٚٗ‫٣ٔظوِٜخ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫حُ٘لغ‬ ‫كيٝى‬‫ح‬ٌ٤‫ُظ٘ل‬3ٝ‫ٗلغ‬ ‫ٛ٘خى‬ ٌٕٞ٣‫اًح‬‫أ‬‫حُ٘٢ء‬ ‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ ٚ‫ٗخه‬ ‫ٗلن‬
‫حُ٠ٍَٝ٣ش‬ ‫حَُٜٔٝكخص‬ ٢‫ك‬ ِٚٔٔ‫ط‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ٝ‫أ‬‫حُ٘خكؼش‬،ٝ‫أ‬‫اًح‬٢‫ك‬ ‫ٓٞؿٞىح‬ ٍ‫٫ُح‬ ‫حُ٘٢ء‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬
ُٚ‫ٓخ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬11
ٚ‫ٓؼ‬ ‫طؼخهي‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫حُطَف‬ ‫أِٛ٤ش‬ ٚ‫ر٘و‬ ‫٣لظؾ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ّ‫ُ٬ُظِح‬ ٬ٛ‫أ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫ُِٔظؼخهي‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ ٫3
ً‫اٌفص‬11
َٛ‫حُوخ‬ ٚ٘‫حر‬ ٍ‫أٓٞح‬ َ٣‫٣ي‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫ح٧د‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ ٚ‫ٗخه‬،ًَ ّ‫ػخ‬ ٚ‫ٝرٞؿ‬ ّ‫ٝحُٔوي‬ ٢ُٛٞ‫ٝح‬
َٙ٤‫ؿ‬ ٍ‫أٓٞح‬ ‫٩ىحٍس‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٚ٘٤‫٣ؼ‬ ٖٓ،١‫أ‬ ‫اؿَحء‬ ُْٜ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ ٫َٔ‫ػ‬‫ح‬ ٍ‫أػٔخ‬ ٖٓ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ُظَٜف‬
‫اىحٍطٜخ‬ ُٕٞٞ‫٣ظ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ٍ‫ح٧ٓٞح‬،ًٕ‫ا‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٍٜٞ‫حُل‬ ‫رؼي‬ ٫‫ا‬ٚ‫حُٔوظ‬ ٢ٟ‫حُوخ‬ ٖٓ ‫رٌُي‬ ٙ‫هخ‬،
٫‫ا‬ ًٕ٩‫ح‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ‫٣ٔ٘ق‬ ٫ٝ‫حُ٠ٍَٝس‬ ‫كخُش‬ ٢‫ك‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ ٚ‫ُ٘خه‬ ٖ٤‫حُز‬ ‫حُ٘لغ‬ ‫كخُش‬ ٢‫ك‬22
3
‫حُز٤غ‬ َٜ‫حُل‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٠٘‫ٓؼ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫حُظَٜف‬ ٍ‫أػٔخ‬ ٖٓ َ‫ٝ٣ؼظز‬ٝ‫ؼخٟٝش‬ُُٔ‫ح‬‫ط‬ ‫ُٔيس‬ ‫ٝحٌَُحء‬‫ِ٣ي‬
‫ٓ٘ٞح‬ ‫ػ٬ع‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬‫ٝحُؤٔش‬ ‫ٝحًَُ٘ش‬ ‫ص‬ّ‫ٝارَح‬َُٖٛ‫ح‬‫٣ليىٛخ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ٍ‫ح٧ػٔخ‬ ٖٓ ‫ًُي‬ َ٤‫ٝؿ‬
‫َٛحكش‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬11
َٛ‫حُوخ‬ ‫ِٜٓلش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫٣ـَ٣ٜخ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُظَٜكخص‬ٝ‫أ‬ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ٍٞ‫حُٔلـ‬ٝ‫أ‬ٖٓ ١ٞ٘‫حُٔؼ‬ ٚ‫حُ٘و‬
ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٍَ‫حُٔو‬ ٌَُ٘‫ح‬ ٢‫ٝك‬ ْٜ٘‫ػ‬ ‫٣٘ٞد‬،‫ٗل‬ ‫ُٜخ‬ ٌٕٞ‫ط‬ْ‫٣ـَ٣ٜخ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُظَٜكخص‬ ‫ه٤ٔش‬
ٞ‫حُٔظٔظؼ‬ ٕٝ‫حَُحٗي‬ْٜ‫كوٞه‬ ‫ٓزخَٗس‬ ‫رؤِٛ٤ش‬ ٕ3‫حُٔل٠ش‬ ‫حُظزَػخص‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫حُوخػيس‬ ٌٙٛ ١َٔ‫ط‬ ٫ٝ،
ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٚ‫٣ظطِز‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ًٕ٩‫ح‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫أؿَ٣ض‬ ُٞٝ َ‫أػ‬ ٠ٗ‫أى‬ ‫ُٜخ‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ٫ ‫ك٤غ‬،ٟ‫ُي‬ ٍ‫اهَح‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٫ٝ
ٚٔ‫ٗل‬ ‫حُ٘خثذ‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٍ‫طٜي‬ ُْ ٍٞٓ‫رؤ‬ ‫٣ظؼِن‬ ‫ٓلٌٔش‬3
‫حُؼخٓش‬ ‫حُ٘٤خرش‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ّ‫حُٔوي‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٢ُٛٞ‫ح‬ ٖٓ ‫رطِذ‬ ْ٤ِٔ‫رخُظ‬ ًٕ٩‫ح‬ ٍ‫هَح‬ ‫اُـخء‬ ٖ٣َٛ‫حُوخ‬ ٕٝ‫ر٘ئ‬ ‫حٌُِٔق‬ ٢ٟ‫ُِوخ‬ ٌٖٔ٣
3‫رٜخ‬ ًٕٝ‫حُٔؤ‬ ‫ح٩ىحٍس‬ ٢‫ك‬ َ٤‫حُظير‬ ‫ٓٞء‬ ‫ػزض‬ ‫اًح‬ ‫طِوخث٤خ‬ ٝ‫أ‬
3ٚ٤‫ك‬ ٢ٟ‫حُظوخ‬ ٢‫ٝك‬ ُٚ ًٕ‫أ‬ ‫ك٤ٔخ‬ ‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ َٓ‫ًخ‬ ٍٞ‫حُٔلـ‬ َ‫٣ؼظز‬»
ٍٕ‫هخ‬ٖ٤‫حُٔخىط‬ ‫ٓوظ٠٤خص‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫ًٌُي‬59ٝ5.ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٖٓ51391‫حُٔظؼِن‬َ٤ٜ‫ظ‬ ٌٙ٤‫رظ٘ل‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ ‫حُظـخٍس‬ ‫رٔيٝٗش‬
ْ‫ٍه‬ ‫َٗ٣ق‬5399319‫رظخٍ٣ن‬51ٍٝ٧‫ح‬ ‫ٍر٤غ‬ ٖٓ5.59)ْ‫أؿٔط‬ ‫كخطق‬5999(‫ػيى‬ ‫حَُٓٔ٤ش‬ ‫حُـَ٣يس‬ ،..51،
‫رظخٍ٣ن‬59٠ُٝ٧‫ح‬ ٟ‫ؿٔخى‬5.59)9َ‫أًظٞر‬5999ٙ ،)25193
22-‫ٛ٬ك٤خ‬ ‫ٍحؿغ‬‫حُٔخىس‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٢‫حَُ٘ػ‬ ‫حُ٘خثذ‬ ‫ٝٓٔئُٝ٤خص‬ ‫ص‬2913‫ح٧َٓس‬ ‫ٓيٝٗش‬ ٖٓ ‫رؼيٛخ‬ ‫ٝٓخ‬

9. -9-
ً‫اٌفص‬13
َٛ‫حُوخ‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٢ٗٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ‫ُِ٘خثذ‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ ٫ٝ‫أ‬ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ٍٞ‫حُٔلـ‬ٕ‫أ‬ٔ٣‫حُظـخٍس‬ ٢١‫طؼخ‬ ٢‫ك‬ َٔ‫ظ‬
٫‫ا‬ ‫ُلٔخرٜٔخ‬‫اًح‬‫حُٔوظٜش‬ ‫حُِٔطش‬ ‫رٌُي‬ ُٚ ‫أًٗض‬،‫كخُش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٫‫ا‬ ًٕ‫طؤ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ح٧ه٤َس‬ ٌُٜٙ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ ٫ٝ
َٛ‫ُِوخ‬ َٛ‫حُظخ‬ ‫حُ٘لغ‬ٝ‫أ‬ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ٍٞ‫حُٔلـ‬3
‫اٌفشع‬ٟٔ‫اٌضب‬:‫اإلسادح‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫اٌزؼج١ش‬
‫أٚال‬:‫اإلسادح‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫اٌزؼج١ش‬‫اٌصبدس‬‫ٚاحذ‬ ‫غشف‬ ِٓ
ً‫اٌفص‬14
‫ٓـَى‬23
٘٘٣ ٫ ‫حُٞػي‬‫ت‬ُ‫ح‬‫ظِحٓخ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬15
‫ح٩ػ٬ٗخص‬ ‫١َ٣ن‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٞػي‬ٝ‫أ‬ُٖٔ ‫ؿخثِس‬ ‫رٔ٘ق‬ ٍ‫ح٩ٜٗخ‬ َ‫ٝٓخث‬ ٖٓ َٟ‫أه‬ ‫ٝٓ٤ِش‬ ١‫أ‬
‫ٟخثغ‬ ‫ٗ٢ء‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ َ‫٣ؼؼ‬ٝ‫أ‬َ‫آه‬ َٔ‫ػ‬ ١‫رؤ‬ ّٞ‫٣و‬،‫رخُ٘٢ء‬ ٢‫٣ؤط‬ ٖٔٓ ٫ٞ‫ٓوز‬ َ‫٣ؼظز‬ٝ‫أ‬َٔ‫رخُؼ‬ ّٞ‫٣و‬
‫حُٞػي‬ َٛ‫ؿخ‬ ٞٛٝ ‫ًُي‬ َ‫كؼ‬ ُٞٝ،ٚ‫ر‬ ‫ٝػي‬ ‫ٓخ‬ ُ‫ربٗـخ‬ ٚ‫ؿخٗز‬ ٖٓ ‫حُٞحػي‬ ِّ‫٣ِظ‬ ‫حُلخُش‬ ٌٙٛ ٢‫ٝك‬3
‫ا‬ً‫ٌفص‬16
ٖٓ ‫رخُـخثِس‬ ‫حُٔٞػٞى‬ َ‫حُلؼ‬ ٌ٤‫ط٘ل‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫حَُ٘ٝع‬ ‫رؼي‬ ‫رـخثِس‬ ‫حُٞػي‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫حَُؿٞع‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ ٫
ِٚ‫أؿ‬3
ٙ‫ٝػي‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حَُؿٞع‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ‫كو‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٍُ‫ط٘خ‬ ٚٗ‫أ‬ َ‫حُلؼ‬ ‫ًُي‬ ُ‫٩ٗـخ‬ ٬‫أؿ‬ ‫كيى‬ ٖٔ٤‫ك‬ َٝ‫ٝ٣لظ‬
٠ُ‫ا‬ً ‫حٗظٜخء‬َُ‫ح٧ؿ‬ ‫ي‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬17
‫اًح‬ِ‫رخُـخث‬ ‫حُٔٞػٞى‬ َ‫حُلؼ‬ ‫ٝحكي‬ ‫ٝهض‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٕٝ‫ٓظؼيى‬ ٙ‫أٗوخ‬ ِ‫أٗـ‬‫س‬ِٖٓٚ‫أؿ‬،‫هٔٔض‬
ْٜ٘٤‫ر‬ ‫حُـخثِس‬،ٝ‫اًح‬‫ٓوظِلش‬ ‫أٝهخص‬ ٢‫ك‬ ِٙٝ‫أٗـ‬،‫طخٍ٣وخ‬ ْٜ‫٧ٓزو‬ ‫حُـخثِس‬ ‫ًخٗض‬،ٝ‫اًح‬‫حٗظَى‬
‫ك‬ ٙ‫أٗوخ‬ ‫ػيس‬َ‫حُلؼ‬ ُ‫اٗـخ‬ ٢،ٚ٤‫ك‬ ٍ‫روي‬ ْٜ٘ٓ ًَِ‫حُـخث‬ ْٜ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ‫هٔٔض‬‫س‬ُٔ٘‫ح‬ ْ‫ر٘ل‬‫زش‬،‫ك‬‫بًح‬
‫طو‬ ‫ٌُٜٝ٘خ‬ ‫حُؤٔش‬ َ‫طوز‬ ٫ ‫ًخٗض‬‫حُز٤غ‬ َ‫ز‬،‫ٓٔظلو٤ٜخ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ػٜٔ٘خ‬ ْٔ‫ه‬،ٝ‫اًح‬‫حُـخثِس‬ ‫ًخٗض‬‫ٗ٤جخ‬
‫حُٔٞم‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ه٤ٔش‬ ُٚ ‫ُ٤ٔض‬ٝ‫أ‬‫حُٞػي‬ ُٚ٘ ‫ٝكوخ‬ ٚ‫ٓ٘ل‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ٫ ‫ٗ٤جخ‬،‫ٝحكي‬ ٚ‫ُ٘و‬ ٫‫ا‬،ٕ‫ًخ‬
‫ُِوَػش‬ ٌ‫ك٤٘ج‬ ‫حَُٔؿغ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬18
‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬24
‫ُٜٝٛٞخ‬ ‫رٔـَى‬ ٚ٘ٓ ‫ٛيٍص‬ ٖٓ ِِّ‫ط‬ ‫ٝحكي‬ ‫١َف‬ ٖٓ ‫حُٜخىٍس‬٠ُ‫ا‬ِْ‫ػ‬
ُٚ ِّ‫حُِٔظ‬3
23-3ٚ١َٝٗ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٔـَى‬ ‫حُٞػي‬ ‫حُٔوٜٞى‬

10. -52-
‫صبٔ١ب‬:‫ٚاٌؼمٛد‬ ‫االرفبلبد‬
ً‫اٌفص‬19
‫رظَح‬ ٫‫ا‬ ‫ح٫طلخم‬ ْ‫٣ظ‬ ٫٢‫رخه‬ ٠ِ‫ٝػ‬ ّ‫ُ٬ُظِح‬ ‫ح٧ٓخٓ٤ش‬ َٛ‫حُؼ٘خ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٖ٤‫حُطَك‬ ٢ٟ
١َُٝ٘‫ح‬25
‫٣ؼظزَٛخ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ َٟ‫ح٧ه‬ ‫حَُٔ٘ٝػش‬‫أٓخٓ٤ش‬ ٕ‫حُطَكخ‬3
‫ر‬ ٕ‫حُطَكخ‬ ‫٣ـَ٣ٜخ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫ٝحُظؼي٣٬ص‬ٚٓ‫ارَح‬ ٍٞ‫ك‬ ‫ح٫طلخم‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫بٍحىطٜٔخ‬333 َ‫طؼظز‬ ٫26
‫ؿِء‬‫ح‬ٚ‫رو٬ك‬ ‫٣َٜف‬ ُْ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫ًُٝي‬ ٢ِٛ٧‫ح‬ ‫ح٫طلخم‬ ٖٓ3
ً‫اٌفص‬11
‫طخٓخ‬ ‫حُؼوي‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ٫‫اًح‬‫ٟٓٞٞػخ‬ ٌٕٞ‫ط‬ ٢ٌُ ‫ٓؼ٤٘ش‬ ١َٝ٘‫ر‬ ‫َٛحكش‬ ٕ‫حُٔظؼخهيح‬ ‫حكظلع‬
‫٫كن‬ ‫٫طلخم‬،١َٗ ٖٓ ‫ح٫طلخم‬ ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝهغ‬ ‫ٝٓخ‬ٝ‫أ‬ّ‫حُظِح‬ ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ‫٣ظَطذ‬ ٫ ٌٙٛ ‫ٝحُلخُش‬ ١َٝٗ
‫ًظخرش‬ ‫ح٫طلخم‬ ‫ٓويٓخص‬ ‫كٍَص‬ ُٞٝ3
ً‫اٌفص‬11
‫ٝحُو٤ٞى‬ ‫حُظللظخص‬27
ٚ٘‫ط‬ ُْ ٢‫حُظ‬٠ُ‫ا‬َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫حُطَف‬ ِْ‫ػ‬‫ط٘و‬ ٫ٚ28
‫حُظؼز‬ ٍ‫آػخ‬ ‫طو٤ي‬ ٫َٝ٤
‫حُٔٔظلخى‬ ‫ح٩ٍحىس‬ ٖ‫ػ‬‫س‬‫حُِلع‬ َٛ‫ظخ‬ ٖٓ3
ً‫اٌفص‬11
‫حُٔؼخٍٟش‬ ‫حَُٔ٣ش‬ ‫ح٫طلخهخص‬ٝ‫أ‬‫حٌُٔظٞرش‬ ‫حُظَٜ٣لخص‬ ٖٓ ‫ؿ٤َٛخ‬29
٫‫ا‬ َ‫أػ‬ ‫ُٜخ‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ٫
ٖ٣‫حُٔظؼخهي‬ ٖ٤‫ر‬ ‫ك٤ٔخ‬ٝ‫٣َػٜٔخ‬ ٖٓ،َ٤‫حُـ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫رٜخ‬ ‫٣لظؾ‬ ٬‫ك‬،‫اًح‬‫رٜخ‬ ِْ‫ػ‬ ُٚ ٌٖ٣ ُْ3َ‫ٝ٣ؼظز‬
َٜ‫حُل‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ّ‫٧كٌخ‬ ‫رخُ٘ٔزش‬ ‫ؿ٤َح‬ ٙ‫حُوخ‬ ‫حُوِق‬3
24-‫حُٔوٜٞى‬3‫ٝحكي‬ ‫ُـخٗذ‬ ‫حُِِٔٓش‬ ‫حُظَٜكخص‬
25-‫ٜٓطِق‬ ٢َٔٗ‫حُل‬ ُٚ٘‫ح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٍٝى‬"clauses""‫ر٘ٞى‬"ٍ‫ري‬"١َٝٗ"‫رٔؼ٘خٛخ‬ َٜ‫حُل‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٢‫ك‬ َٔ‫طٔظؼ‬ ُْ ٢‫حُظ‬
ًَ ‫ٝاٗٔخ‬ ،٢‫ح٫ٛط٬ك‬3٢ٗٞٗ‫هخ‬ َ‫أػ‬ ‫اكيحع‬ ٚ‫ر‬ ‫٣وٜي‬ ‫ح٩ٍحىس‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ َ٤‫طؼز‬
26-،٢َٔٗ‫حُل‬ ُٚ٘‫ح‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫ٓوخٍٗش‬‫ٓوطض‬‫حُؼَر٤ش‬ ‫حُظَؿٔش‬ ٖٓ‫ػزخٍس‬"‫ٝاٗٔخ‬ ‫ؿي٣يح‬ ‫ػويح‬"‫؛‬
َٜ‫حُل‬ ٖٓ ‫حُؼخٗ٤ش‬ ‫حُلوَس‬ ‫ٛ٤خؿش‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ‫ٝرٌُي‬59:٢‫ًخ٥ط‬ ٙ٬‫أػ‬٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ربٍحىطٜٔخ‬ ٕ‫حُطَكخ‬ ‫٣ـَ٣ٜخ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫ٝحُظؼي٣٬ص‬
َ‫طؼظز‬ ٫ ٚٓ‫ارَح‬ ٍٞ‫ك‬ ‫ح٫طلخم‬‫ػم‬‫ٚئّٔب‬ ‫جذ٠ذا‬ ‫ذا‬3ٚ‫رو٬ك‬ ‫٣َٜف‬ ُْ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫ًُٝي‬ ٢ِٛ٧‫ح‬ ‫ح٫طلخم‬ ٖٓ ‫ؿِءح‬
Les modifications que les parties apportent d'un commun accord à la convention, aussitôt après sa
conclusion, ne constituent pas un nouveau contrat, mais sont censés faire partie de la convention
primitive, si le contraire n'est exprimé.
27-‫ٜٓطِق‬ ٢َٔٗ‫حُل‬ ُٚ٘‫ح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٍٝى‬"les réserves ou restrictions""‫حُظللظخص‬ٚ‫أ‬‫حُو٤ٞى‬"ٍ‫ري‬"‫حُظللظخص‬
‫ٝحُو٤ٞى‬"3‫حُؼَر٤ش‬ ‫حُظَؿٔش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ؿخء‬ ‫ًٔخ‬
28-‫ٜٓطِق‬ ٢َٔٗ‫حُل‬ ُٚ٘‫ح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٍٝى‬"infirmer""ٞ‫ط٘و‬ ٫"ٍ‫ري‬"ٚ‫ط٘و‬ ٫"‫حُظ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ؿخء‬ ‫ًٔخ‬‫حُؼَر٤ش‬ ‫َؿٔش‬3
َٜ‫حُل‬ ٖٓ ‫حُؼخٗ٤ش‬ ‫حُلوَس‬ ‫ٛ٤خؿش‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ‫ٝرٌُي‬59‫حُظللظخص‬ :٢‫ًخ٥ط‬ ٙ٬‫أػ‬ٚ‫أ‬‫حُطَف‬ ِْ‫ػ‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ٚ٘‫ط‬ ُْ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُو٤ٞى‬
َ‫ح٥ه‬‫رٕمط‬ ‫ال‬3‫حُِلع‬ َٛ‫ظخ‬ ٖٓ ‫حُٔٔظلخىس‬ ‫ح٩ٍحىس‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ َ٤‫حُظؼز‬ ٍ‫آػخ‬ ‫طو٤ي‬ ٫ٝ

11. -55-
ً‫اٌفص‬1330
َٟ‫كخ‬ ٚ‫ُ٘و‬ ٚ‫حُٔٞؿ‬ ‫ح٩٣ـخد‬،‫ٓ٤ؼخى‬ ‫طلي٣ي‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ ٖٓ،ٌٖ٣ ُْ ٕ‫ًؤ‬ َ‫٣ؼظز‬‫اًح‬َ‫٣وز‬ ُْ
ٍٞ‫حُل‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬31
ُٖٓ‫ح‬َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫طَف‬3
٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٌْ‫حُل‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ١َٔ٣ٝ‫ح٩٣ـخد‬ٚ‫ٗو‬ ٖٓ ّ‫حُٔوي‬٠ُ‫ا‬ٕٞ‫حُظِ٤ل‬ ‫رطَ٣ن‬ َ‫آه‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬14
‫ك٤ٜٔخ‬ ‫٣َى‬ ٖ٣ٌُِ‫ح‬ ٕ‫ٝحٌُٔخ‬ ‫حُٞهض‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫طخٓخ‬ ‫رخَُٔحِٓش‬ َٛ‫حُلخ‬ ‫حُؼوي‬ ٌٕٞ٣ٖٓ٠‫طِو‬
ُٚٞ‫روز‬ ‫ح٩٣ـخد‬3
ٍٍٞٓ ‫رٞحٓطش‬ َٛ‫حُلخ‬ ‫ٝحُؼوي‬ٝ‫أ‬ٖٓ ‫ٍى‬ ‫ك٤ٜٔخ‬ ‫٣وغ‬ ٖ٣ٌُِ‫ح‬ ٕ‫ٝحٌُٔخ‬ ‫حُٞهض‬ ٢‫ك‬ ْ‫٣ظ‬ ٢٤ٓٝ
ِٚ‫٣وز‬ ٚٗ‫رؤ‬ ٢٤ُِٓٞ ‫ح٩٣ـخد‬ ٠‫طِو‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬15
‫حُٔٞؿذ‬ ٖٓ ‫ٓطِٞد‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ ٍٞ‫رخُوز‬ ‫حَُى‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ‫ػ٘يٓخ‬،ٝ‫أ‬ٚ٤٠‫٣وظ‬ ٫ ‫ػ٘يٓخ‬‫حُؼَف‬32
١ٍ‫حُظـخ‬ٕ‫كب‬٥‫ح‬ ‫حُطَف‬ ‫َٗٝع‬ ‫رٔـَى‬ ْ‫٣ظ‬ ‫حُؼوي‬َ‫ه‬ٌٙ٤‫ط٘ل‬ ٢‫ك‬3‫حَُى‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حٌُٔٞص‬ ٌٕٞ٣ٝ
ٍٞ‫حُوز‬ ‫رٔؼخرش‬،‫اًح‬ٖ٤‫حُطَك‬ ٖ٤‫ر‬ ٬‫كؼ‬ ‫ريأص‬ ‫ٓخروش‬ ‫رٔؼخٓ٬ص‬ ‫ح٩٣ـخد‬ ‫طؼِن‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬16
ٍٞ‫رخُوز‬ ْ‫٣ظ‬ ُْ ‫حُؼوي‬ ّ‫ٓخىح‬ ‫ح٩٣ـخد‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫حَُؿٞع‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ٝ‫أ‬‫حُطَف‬ ٖٓ ٌٙ٤‫ط٘ل‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫رخَُ٘ٝع‬
َ‫ح٥ه‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬17
١َٗ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٔؼِن‬ ‫حَُى‬ٝ‫أ‬‫رٔؼخ‬ َ‫٣ؼظز‬ ‫ُو٤ي‬ ٖٔ٠‫حُٔظ‬‫ا٣ـخرخ‬ ٖٔ٠‫٣ظ‬ ‫ُ٪٣ـخد‬ ٞ‫ٍك‬ ‫رش‬
‫ؿي٣يح‬3
29-‫حٍُٜٞ٣ش‬ ‫حُؼوٞى‬ ٕ٬‫رط‬ ٜٙٞ‫رو‬‫حُٔخىس‬ ٍ‫حُٔؼخ‬ َ٤‫ٓز‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ َ‫حٗظ‬5.2ٖٓ‫ُِ٠َحثذ‬ ‫حُؼخٓش‬ ‫حُٔيٝٗش‬٢‫حُظ‬
:ٚٗ‫أ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٚ٘‫ط‬«ْ٣‫ٝػي‬ ٬١‫رخ‬ َ‫٣ؼظز‬ٍ‫ػوخ‬ ‫ر٤غ‬ ٖٔ‫ػ‬ ٖٓ ‫ؿِء‬ ‫اهلخء‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫٣ٜيف‬ ‫حطلخم‬ ًَٝ ،١ٍٞٛ ‫ػوي‬ ًَ َ‫ح٧ػ‬
ٝ‫أ‬ ١ٍ‫طـخ‬ َٛ‫أ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ٍ‫رب٣ـخ‬ ‫ٝػي‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٍ‫ح٩٣ـخ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫كن‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٢ِ‫حُظو‬ ٖٔ‫ػ‬ ٖٓ ‫ؿِء‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ًَ ‫اهلخء‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ،‫ُر٘خء‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ َ‫طو‬
ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ٓؼخٟٝش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٓيٍى‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ،ٚ٘ٓ ‫ؿِء‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٍ‫ػوخ‬َٛ‫أ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ،‫ػوخٍ٣ش‬ ٍ‫أٓٞح‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝحهؼش‬ ‫هٔٔش‬٫ٝ 3‫ُر٘خء‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ١ٍ‫طـخ‬
٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫أىحإٛخ‬ ‫حُٞحؿذ‬ ‫حُ٠َ٣زش‬ ٙ٬‫حٓظو‬ ٕٝ‫ى‬ ‫حُٞحهغ‬ ٕ٬‫حُزط‬ ٍٞ‫٣ل‬‫ه٠خث٤خ‬ ٚ‫ر‬ ٌْ‫ك‬ ‫اًح‬ ٫‫ا‬ ‫حُوِ٣٘ش‬».
ْ‫ٍه‬ ‫حُٔخُ٤ش‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬ َ‫حٗظ‬29-.9‫ُِٔ٘ش‬‫حُٔخُ٤ش‬2229َ٤ٜ‫ظ‬ ٌٙ٤‫رظ٘ل‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ْ‫ٍه‬ ‫َٗ٣ق‬292-29-5‫رظخٍ٣ن‬52
‫حُلـش‬ ١ً5.29(95َ‫ىؿ٘ز‬2229‫ػيى‬ ‫حَُٓٔ٤ش‬ ‫حُـَ٣يس‬ ‫)؛‬1.19‫رظخٍ٣ن‬55‫حُلـش‬ ًٝ5.29َ٣‫٣٘خ‬ ‫(كخطق‬
2229ٙ ،)93
30-ٖٓ ٍٜٞ‫حُل‬ ّ‫أكٌخ‬ ١َٔ‫ط‬ ٫29٠ُ‫ا‬92َٜ‫ٝحُل‬92ٝ‫أ‬ ٢َٗٝ‫اٌُظ‬ ٌَ٘‫ر‬ َّ‫حُٔز‬ ‫حُؼوي‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٖٓ
َٜ‫حُل‬ ٠٠‫رٔوظ‬ ‫ًُٝي‬ ‫اٌُظَٝٗ٤ش؛‬ ‫رطَ٣وش‬ ٚ‫حُٔٞؿ‬2-91ْٖٓ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬19321٢َٗٝ‫ح٫ٌُظ‬ ٍ‫رخُظزخى‬ ‫٣ظؼِن‬
3‫حُوخٗٞٗ٤ش‬ ‫ُِٔؼط٤خص‬
31-"ٍٞ‫حُل‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬""sur-le-champ"3‫حُؼوي‬ ِْ‫ٓـ‬ ٠٘‫رٔؼ‬
32-‫ٜٓطِق‬ ٢َٔٗ‫حُل‬ ُٚ٘‫ح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٍٝى‬"usage""‫حُؼخىس‬"ٍ‫ري‬"‫حُؼَف‬"3‫حُؼَر٤ش‬ ‫حُظَؿٔش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ؿخء‬ ‫ًٔخ‬

12. -52-
ً‫اٌفص‬18
‫ُ٪٣ـخد‬ ‫ٓطخروخ‬ ‫حَُى‬ َ‫٣ؼظز‬‫اًح‬‫هزِض‬ ُٚٞ‫رو‬ ‫حُٔـ٤ذ‬ ٠‫حًظل‬ٝ‫أ‬‫طللع‬ ٕٝ‫ري‬ ‫حُؼوي‬ ٌ‫ٗل‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬19
‫طلي٣ي‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫رب٣ـخد‬ ّ‫طوي‬ َٖٓ‫أؿ‬َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫حُطَف‬ ٙ‫طـخ‬ ‫ِٓظِٓخ‬ ٢‫رو‬ ٍٞ‫ُِوز‬٠ُ‫ا‬‫ٌٛح‬ ّ‫حَٜٗح‬
َ‫ح٧ؿ‬،ٖٓ َِ‫ٝ٣ظل‬ٚ‫ا٣ـخر‬‫اًح‬ٍٞ‫رخُوز‬ ‫ٍى‬ ِٜٚ٣ ُْ‫حُٔليى‬ َ‫ح٧ؿ‬ ٍ٬‫ه‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬31
٬‫أؿ‬ ‫٣ليى‬ ٕ‫أ‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ ٖٓ ‫حَُٔحِٓش‬ ‫١َ٣ن‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫رب٣ـخد‬ ّ‫طوي‬ ٖٓ،ٚ‫ر‬ ‫ِٓظِٓخ‬ ٢‫رو‬٠ُ‫ا‬‫حُٞهض‬
َ‫ىحه‬ ٚ٤ُ‫ا‬ ََُٓٔ‫ح‬ ‫ٍى‬ ٍُٞٛٞ ‫حُٔ٘خٓذ‬َ‫أؿ‬ٍٞ‫ٓؼو‬،ٌْ‫ػ‬ ‫ح٩٣ـخد‬ ٖٓ ‫رٟٞٞف‬ َٜ‫٣ظ‬ ُْ ‫ٓخ‬
‫ًُي‬3
ٝ‫اًح‬َٜ٣ ُْ ٌُٚ٘ٝ ‫حُٔ٘خٓذ‬ ‫حُٞهض‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٍٞ‫رخُوز‬ ‫حُظَٜ٣ق‬ ٍ‫ٛي‬٠ُ‫ا‬٫‫ا‬ ‫حُٔٞؿذ‬‫رؼي‬
ٚ٤ُ‫ا‬ ُُٚٞٛٞ ‫ػخىس‬ ٢‫٣ٌل‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ َ‫ح٧ؿ‬ ّ‫حَٜٗح‬،ٕ‫كب‬‫كن‬ ‫كلع‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫ِٓظِٓخ‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ٫ ‫حُٔٞؿذ‬
‫هخٗٞٗخ‬ ٍٝ‫حُٔٔئ‬ ٖٓ ٞ٣ٞ‫حُظؼ‬ ‫١ِذ‬ ٢‫ك‬ َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫حُطَف‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬31
‫حُٔٞؿذ‬ ‫ٓٞص‬ٝ‫أ‬ٚ‫أِٛ٤ظ‬ ٚ‫ٗو‬‫اًح‬ٚ‫ا٣ـخر‬ ٍ‫آٍخ‬ ‫رؼي‬ ‫١َأ‬،ٕ‫ا‬ ‫حُؼوي‬ ّ‫اطٔخ‬ ٕٝ‫ى‬ ٍٞ‫٣ل‬ ٫
‫هي‬ ‫ح٩٣ـخد‬ ٚ٤ُ‫ا‬ ٚ‫ٝؿ‬ ٖٓ ٕ‫ًخ‬ِٚٔ‫ػ‬ َ‫هز‬ ِٚ‫هز‬‫حُٔٞؿذ‬ ‫رٔٞص‬ٝ‫أ‬ٚ‫أِٛ٤ظ‬ ‫رلوي‬33
3
ً‫اٌفص‬31
‫ُِظؼخهي‬ ‫ىػٞس‬ َ‫طؼظز‬ ‫حُِٔح٣يس‬ ‫اهخٓش‬3٣‫حُِٔح‬ َ‫ٝطؼظز‬َ٤‫ح٧ه‬ ٖٔ‫حُؼ‬ َٝ‫٣ؼ‬ ٖٔٓ ‫ٓوزُٞش‬ ‫يس‬،
ِّ‫ٝ٣ِظ‬َٟٚ‫رؼ‬ ٍٝ‫حُؼخ‬ ‫ٌٛح‬‫اًح‬َٝٝ‫حُٔؼ‬ ٖٔ‫حُؼ‬ ‫حُزخثغ‬ َ‫هز‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬33
َٙ٤‫ؿ‬ ِِّ٣ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫٧كي‬ ‫٣لن‬ ٫،٫‫ا‬ ٚ‫ُٜخُل‬ ١َ‫٣٘ظ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٫ٝ‫اًح‬‫حُ٘٤خر‬ ‫ِٓطش‬ ُٚ ‫ًخٗض‬ٚ٘‫ػ‬ ‫ش‬
‫ًٝخُش‬ ٠٠‫رٔوظ‬ٝ‫أ‬ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٠٠‫رٔوظ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬34
‫ٝٓغ‬‫ًُي‬،َ٤‫حُـ‬ ‫ُِٜٔلش‬ ١‫ح٫ٗظَح‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ٖٝ٤‫٣ؼ‬ ُْ ُٞ‫اًح‬َٚٓ‫أر‬ ‫٫طلخم‬ ‫ٓززخ‬ ‫ًُي‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬
ٚٔ‫ٗل‬ ١َ‫حُٔ٘ظ‬ ‫ٓؼخٟٝش‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ٓززخ‬‫حُٞحػي‬ ‫ُٔ٘لؼش‬ ‫ُظزَع‬3
َٙ‫أػ‬ ١‫ح٫ٗظَح‬ ‫٣٘ظؾ‬ ‫حُلخُش‬ ٌٙٛ ٢‫ٝك‬َ٤‫حُـ‬ ‫ُِٜٔلش‬ ‫ٓزخَٗس‬،ٝ٢‫ك‬ ‫حُلن‬ َ٤‫حُـ‬ ‫ٌُٜح‬ ٌٕٞ٣
‫أ‬ٟٞ‫حُيػ‬ ٌٙٛ ‫ٓزخَٗس‬ ٖٓ ‫حُؼوي‬ ٚ‫٣ٔ٘ؼ‬ ُْ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫ًُٝي‬ ٌٙ٤‫ط٘ل‬ ‫حُٞحػي‬ ٖٓ ٚٔٓ‫رخ‬ ‫٣طِذ‬ ٕٝ‫أ‬‫ػِوض‬
‫ٓؼ٤٘ش‬ ١َٝٗ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٓزخَٗطٜخ‬3
ٌٖٝ٣ ُْ ٕ‫ًؤ‬ ١‫ح٫ٗظَح‬ َ‫٣ؼظز‬‫اًح‬‫ٌٛح‬ ‫حُٞحػي‬ ‫ٓزِـخ‬ ُٚٞ‫هز‬ ٚ‫ُٜخُل‬ ‫ػوي‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ َ٤‫حُـ‬ ٞ‫ٍك‬
ٞ‫حَُك‬3
33-ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُؼَر٤ش‬ ‫حُظَؿٔش‬ ‫طظليع‬"‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ ‫ٝكخهي‬ ‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ ٚ‫ٗخه‬"‫ر٤٘ٔخ‬ ،٢‫ك‬ ‫ٗـي‬٢َٔٗ‫حُل‬ ُٚ٘‫ح‬"l'incapacité"3

13. -59-
ً‫اٌفص‬35
٤‫ط٘ل‬ َ٤‫حُـ‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫٣طِذ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ َ٤‫حُـ‬ ‫ُِٜٔلش‬ ١َ‫حٗظ‬ ُٖٔ ‫٣ٔٞؽ‬ٚ٘ٓ َٜ‫٣ظ‬ ُْ ‫ٓخ‬ ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬ ٌ
َ٤‫حُـ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٍٜٞ‫ٓو‬ ٌٙ٤‫ط٘ل‬ ‫١ِذ‬ ٕ‫أ‬١ٌُ‫ح‬َ‫أؿ‬ٚ‫ُٜخُل‬ ١3
ً‫اٌفص‬36
ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬34
ٙ‫ا٣خ‬ ٍٙ‫اهَح‬ ١َٗ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ َ٤‫حُـ‬ ٖ‫ػ‬،َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫ُِطَف‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ‫حُلخُش‬ ٌٙٛ ٢‫ٝك‬
‫رٔخ‬ ‫رخُظَٜ٣ق‬ َ٤‫حُـ‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ّ‫ه٤خ‬ ‫٣طِذ‬ ٕ‫أ‬‫اًح‬‫ح٫طلخم‬ ٍ‫اهَح‬ ١ٞ٘٣ ٕ‫ًخ‬3‫حُطَف‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٠‫٣زو‬ ٫ٝ
‫ِٓظِٓخ‬‫اًح‬َُ‫ىحه‬ ٍ‫ح٩هَح‬ ٍ‫٣ٜي‬ َْ‫أؿ‬ٍٞ‫ٓؼو‬،٠ِ‫ػ‬‫أ‬َٕ٘‫ػ‬ ‫هٔٔش‬ َ‫ح٧ؿ‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ُٝ‫٣ظـخ‬ ٫
‫رخُؼوي‬ ّ٬‫ح٩ػ‬ ‫رؼي‬ ‫٣ٞٓخ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬37
‫٣ؼظ‬‫ز‬‫رٔؼخرش‬ ٍ‫ح٩هَح‬ َ‫ًخُش‬َُٞ‫ح‬،ٌ٤‫رظ٘ل‬ َ٤‫حُـ‬ ّ‫ه٤خ‬ ٖٓ ‫٣٘ظؾ‬ ٕ‫ٝأ‬ ‫ٟٔ٘٤خ‬ ‫٣ـ٢ء‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ٝ٣ٜق‬
ٚٔٓ‫رخ‬ َّ‫أر‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫حُؼوي‬3
ٓ ٚ٤ِ‫ٝػ‬ ُٚ ٚ‫٣َطز‬ ‫ك٤ٔخ‬ َ‫حُٔو‬ ‫كن‬ ٢‫ك‬ َٙ‫أػ‬ ٍ‫ح٩هَح‬ ‫ٝ٣٘ظؾ‬َٜ‫ك‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫حُؼوي‬ ّ‫ارَح‬ ‫ٝهض‬ ٖ
‫ًُي‬ َ٤‫رـ‬ ‫٣َٜف‬ ُْ ‫ٓخ‬ ٍٙ‫اهَح‬،ُٚ ٌٕٞ٣ ٫َٝ‫أػ‬َ٤‫حُـ‬ ٙ‫طـخ‬،ُٜٚٞ‫ك‬ ّٞ٣ ٖٓ ٫‫ا‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬38
ٞٔ٣‫ؽ‬٠َُٟ‫ح‬ ‫حٓظ٘ظخؽ‬ٝ‫أ‬‫حٌُٔٞص‬ ٖٓ ٍ‫ح٩هَح‬،‫اًح‬َٜ‫٣ل‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ٚ‫حُ٘و‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬
‫كخَٟح‬ ٚ‫كوٞه‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫حُظَٜف‬ٝ‫أ‬ْ٤ِٓ ٚ‫ٝؿ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ُٜٚٞ‫رل‬ ِْ‫أػ‬،َُْٝٝ‫٣ؼظ‬ٕ‫أ‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ ٖٓ ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬
ٌٕٞ٣ٚ‫ٌٓٞط‬ ٍَ‫٣ز‬ ‫َٓ٘ٝع‬ ‫ٓزذ‬ ‫ٛ٘خى‬3
‫صبٌضب‬-ٝ‫اٌشظ‬ ‫ػ١ٛة‬
ً‫اٌفص‬39
٢ِ‫ؿ‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ ٠َُٟ‫ح‬ ٍ‫ُ٪رطخ‬ ٬‫هخر‬ ٌٕٞ٣،ٝ‫أ‬ْ٤ُ‫طي‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُ٘خطؾ‬،ٝ‫أ‬ٙ‫ربًَح‬ ‫حُٔ٘ظِع‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬41
ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬ ٍ‫ارطخ‬ ٍٞ‫٣و‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٢ِ‫حُـ‬:
5-‫اًح‬‫حُٞك٤ي‬ ‫حُٔزذ‬ ٞٛ ٕ‫ًخ‬ٝ‫أ‬٢ٓ‫ح٧ٓخ‬‫؛‬
2-‫اًح‬ٚ٘‫ػ‬ ٌٍ‫حُؼ‬ ٌٖٓ‫أ‬3
34-‫ٜٓطِق‬ ٢َٔٗ‫حُل‬ ُٚ٘‫ح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٍٝى‬"On peut stipuler""١‫ح٫ٗظَح‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬"ّ‫ح٩ُظِح‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ ٍ‫ري‬٢‫ك‬ ‫ؿخء‬ ‫ًٔخ‬
‫حُؼَر٤ش‬ ‫حُظَؿٔش‬3

14. -5.-
ً‫اٌفص‬41
٣ٍ‫ح٩رطخ‬ ٢ِ‫حُـ‬ ٍٞ‫و‬،‫اًح‬‫حُ٘٢ء‬ ‫ًحص‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٝهغ‬35
ٝ‫أ‬ٚ‫ٗٞػ‬ ٢‫ك‬ٝ‫أ‬ٚ٤‫ك‬ ‫ٛلش‬ ٢‫ك‬٢ٛ ‫ًخٗض‬
‫حُيحكغ‬ ‫حُٔزذ‬٠ُ‫ا‬٠َُٟ‫ح‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬41
ٖ٣‫حُٔظؼخهي‬ ‫أكي‬ ٚ‫ٗو‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٞحهغ‬ ٢ِ‫حُـ‬ٝ‫أ‬ٚ‫ٛلظ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬،‫حُلٔن‬ ٍٞ‫٣و‬ ٫36
٫‫ا‬‫اًح‬ٕ‫ًخ‬
ٚ‫حُ٘و‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ٝ‫أ‬‫حُيحكؼش‬ ‫ح٧ٓزخد‬ ‫أكي‬ ‫حُٜلش‬ ٌٙٛ٠ُ‫ا‬ٖٓ ٠َُٟ‫ح‬ ٍٝ‫ٛي‬‫حُٔظؼخهي‬٥‫ح‬َ‫ه‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬43
‫ُِلٔن‬ ‫ٓززخ‬ ٌٕٞ‫ط‬ ٫ ‫حُلٔخد‬ ‫ؿِطخص‬ ‫ٓـَى‬37
‫طٜل٤لٜخ‬ ‫٣ـذ‬ ‫ٝاٗٔخ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬44
‫حُو٠خس‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬،٢ِ‫حُـ‬ َ٣‫طوي‬ ‫ػ٘ي‬ٝ‫أ‬َٜ‫حُـ‬،ٕٞٗ‫رخُوخ‬ ‫طؼِن‬ ‫ٓٞحء‬ّ‫أ‬‫رخُٞحهغ‬،‫٣َحػٞح‬ ٕ‫أ‬
ٍ‫حُلخ‬ ‫ظَٝف‬،‫ًًٍٞح‬ ًْٜٗٞٝ ْٜ‫ٝكخُظ‬ ٙ‫ح٧ٗوخ‬ ٖٓٝٝ‫أ‬‫اٗخػخ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬45
‫اًح‬‫حٓظ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ٢٤ُٓٞ‫ح‬ ٖٓ ٢ِ‫حُـ‬ ‫ٝهغ‬ٖ٣‫حُٔظؼخهي‬ ‫أكي‬ ٚٓ‫وي‬،‫٣طِذ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫حُٔظؼخهي‬ ‫ٌُٜح‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬
‫كٔن‬38
ٖ٤ِٜ‫حُل‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ػِ٤ٜخ‬ ُٜٙٞ٘ٔ‫ح‬ ٍ‫ح٧كٞح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬.5ٝ.2ٕٝ‫ى‬ ‫ًُٝي‬ ٖ٤‫حُٔخرو‬
‫حُٔظؼِوش‬ ‫حُؼخٓش‬ ‫رخُوٞحػي‬ ٍ٬‫اه‬‫رخُوطؤ‬َٜٝ‫حُل‬ ٌْ‫رل‬ ٫.92‫رخُزَه٤خص‬ ‫حُوخٛش‬ ‫حُلخُش‬ ٢‫ك‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬46
ُ‫ح‬ ٚ‫ر‬ ‫٣ٔٔق‬ ٕ‫أ‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ ٖٓ َٗ‫٣زخ‬ ٍ‫اؿزخ‬ ٙ‫ح٩ًَح‬َ‫آه‬ ‫ٗوٜخ‬ ٚ‫ٗو‬ ٚ‫رٞحٓطظ‬ َٔ‫٣ل‬ ٕٞٗ‫وخ‬
ٙ‫ٍٟخ‬ ٕٝ‫ري‬ ٬ٔ‫ػ‬ َٔ‫٣ؼ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬47
٫‫ا‬ ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬ ٍ‫ارطخ‬ ٍٞ‫٣و‬ ٫ ٙ‫ح٩ًَح‬:
5-‫اًح‬ٚ٤ُ‫ا‬ ‫حُيحكغ‬ ‫حُٔزذ‬ ٞٛ ٕ‫ًخ‬3
35-‫حُ٘٢ء‬ ‫ًحص‬identité‫ٓخٗظ٤خٗخ‬ ‫رٜخ‬ ‫هٜي‬SANTILLANAَٟ‫ؿ‬ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫حُ٘ظَ٣ش‬ ٌٙٛ ‫حػظٔيص‬ ‫ُٝوي‬ 3‫حُ٘٢ء‬ ْ٘‫ؿ‬
‫ح‬ ٚ‫حُلو‬ ٢‫ك‬ َٔ‫حُؼ‬ ٚ‫ر‬:ْٛ‫ػخ‬ ٖ‫حر‬ ‫طللش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ؿخء‬ ‫ًٔخ‬ ،٢ٌُ‫ُٔخ‬
٠٠ٓ ٢ُ‫حُؼخ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ْ‫حُزو‬ ٖٔ‫رخُؼ‬ ٠َُٟ‫رخ‬ ‫ًحطخ‬ َ‫٣ـٜـ‬ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫ٝر٤غ‬
‫ٓـ٘لـٞطــــش‬ ‫ُؿــخؿــش‬ ٚٗ‫أ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٚ‫٣ـخهــٞطـــ‬ ٚ‫أٗــ‬ ‫٣ـزـخع‬ ‫ٝٓـخ‬
‫طـظــِــٔخ‬ ٖ‫ٓـ‬ ّ‫هــ٤خ‬ ٚ‫ر‬ ُ‫ؿــخ‬ ‫ٜٓ٘ـٔخ‬ ٌَ‫ر‬ ٌْ‫حُؼ‬ َٜ‫ٝ٣ـظ‬
36-3ٍ‫ح٩رطخ‬ ‫حُٔوٜٞى‬
37-ْ‫ٗل‬‫حُٔخروش‬ ‫حُٔ٬كظش‬3
38-‫حُٔخروش‬ ‫حُٔ٬كظش‬ ْ‫ٗل‬3

15. -51-
2-‫اًح‬‫ؿٔٔ٤خ‬ ‫أُٔخ‬ ‫آخ‬ ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝهؼض‬ ُٖٔ ‫طليع‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫١ز٤ؼظٜخ‬ ٖٓ ‫ٝهخثغ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ّ‫هخ‬ٝ‫أ‬
‫ٗلٔ٤خ‬ ‫حٟطَحرخ‬33339
ٝ‫أ‬ٚٔ‫ٗل‬ ٞ٣َ‫طؼ‬ ٖٓ ‫حُوٞف‬ٝ‫أ‬ٚ‫َٗك‬ٝ‫أ‬ُ‫أٓٞح‬َ٤‫ًز‬ ٍَ٠ُ ٚ‫َٓحػخس‬ ‫ٓغ‬
َْٛ‫طؤػ‬ ‫ٝىٍؿش‬ ٙ‫ح٧ٗوخ‬ ‫ٝكخُش‬ ‫ٝح٧ٗٞػش‬ ‫ٝحًٌٍُٞس‬ ُٖٔ‫ح‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬48
‫حُو٠خث٤ش‬ ‫رخُٔطخُزش‬ ‫حُظٜي٣ي‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُ٘خطؾ‬ ‫حُوٞف‬ٝ‫أ‬٫ َٟ‫ح٧ه‬ ‫حُوخٗٞٗ٤ش‬ ‫ح٩ؿَحءحص‬ ٖ‫ػ‬
ٍ‫ح٩رطخ‬ ٍٞ‫٣و‬،٫‫ا‬‫اًح‬ُ‫ح‬ ‫حُٔظؼخهي‬ ‫كخُش‬ ‫حٓظـِض‬‫ٓلَ١ش‬ ‫كٞحثي‬ ٚ٘ٓ ‫ط٘ظِع‬ ‫رل٤غ‬ ‫ٜٔيى‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ؿ‬َ٤
َٜ‫حُل‬ ٚ٤٠‫٣وظ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ٠٘‫رخُٔؼ‬ ٙ‫ح٩ًَح‬ ٌٕٞ‫ط‬ ‫رٞهخثغ‬ ‫ٜٓلٞرخ‬ ‫حُظٜي٣ي‬ ٌٖ٣ ُْ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫ًُٝي‬ ‫ٓٔظلوش‬
‫حُٔخرن‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬49
ٝ ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬ ٍ‫ارطخ‬ ٍٞ‫٣و‬ ٙ‫ح٩ًَح‬‫ا‬ٚ‫ُٔ٘لؼظ‬ ‫ح٫طلخم‬ ‫ٝهغ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫حُٔظؼخهي‬ َٙٗ‫٣زخ‬ ُْ ٕ3
ً‫اٌفص‬51
ٍ‫ح٩رطخ‬ ٍٞ‫٣و‬ ٙ‫ح٩ًَح‬،٬‫رؼ‬ ‫حُٔظؼخهي‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫هَد‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٢‫٣َطز‬ ٚ‫ٗو‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝهغ‬ ُّٞٝ‫حُي‬ ‫هش‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬51
ٍ‫ح٩رطخ‬ ٍٞ‫٣و‬ ٫ ّ‫ح٫كظَح‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُ٘خٗت‬ ‫حُوٞف‬،٫‫ا‬‫اًح‬‫ؿٔ٤ٔش‬ ‫طٜي٣يحص‬ ٚ٤ُ‫ا‬ ‫حٗ٠ٔض‬ٝ‫أ‬
‫ٓخى٣ش‬ ٍ‫أكؼخ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬51
ٍ‫ح٩رطخ‬ ٍٞ‫٣و‬ ْ٤ُ‫حُظي‬،‫اًح‬َ٤‫حُل‬ ٖٓ ٚ٤ُ‫ا‬ ‫ُـؤ‬ ‫ٓخ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ٝ‫أ‬ٖ٣‫حُٔظؼخهي‬ ‫أكي‬ ٕ‫حٌُظٔخ‬ٝ‫أ‬ٚ‫ٗخثز‬
ٝ‫أ‬‫كيح‬ ‫١ز٤ؼظٜخ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫رِـض‬ ‫هي‬ ٚ‫ٓؼ‬ ‫رخُظٞح١ئ‬ َٔ‫٣ؼ‬ َ‫آه‬ ٚ‫ٗو‬‫حُطَف‬ ‫طؼخهي‬ ‫ُٔخ‬ ‫ُٞ٫ٛخ‬ ‫رل٤غ‬
َ‫ح٥ه‬3ٌْ‫حُل‬ ْ‫ٗل‬ َ٤‫حُـ‬ َٙٗ‫٣زخ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ْ٤ُ‫ُِظي‬ ٌٕٞ٣ٝ‫اًح‬‫ػخُٔخ‬ ٚ٘ٓ ‫٣ٔظل٤ي‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫حُطَف‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬
ٚ‫ر‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬53
‫٣يكغ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ ٖٓ ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬ ‫طٞحرغ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫٣وغ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ْ٤ُ‫حُظي‬٠ُ‫ا‬ٚ‫ر‬ َٔ‫حُظل‬‫حُلن‬ ٫‫ا‬ ‫٣ٔ٘ق‬ ٫
ٞ٣ٞ‫حُظؼ‬ ٢‫ك‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬54
٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٔز٘٤ش‬ ٍ‫ح٩رطخ‬ ‫أٓزخد‬َ٣‫ُظوي‬ ‫ٓظًَٝش‬ ‫حُٔ٘خرٜش‬ َٟ‫ح٧ه‬ ‫ٝحُلخ٫ص‬ َُٝٔ‫ح‬ ‫كخُش‬
‫حُو٠خس‬3
39-،٢َٔٗ‫حُل‬ ُٚ٘‫ح‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫ٓوخٍٗش‬‫ٓوطض‬‫حُؼَر٤ش‬ ‫حُظَؿٔش‬ ٖٓ‫ػزخٍس‬"‫ػٔ٤وخ‬"‫؛‬
َٜ‫حُل‬ ٖٓ ‫حُؼخٗ٤ش‬ ‫حُلوَس‬ ‫ٛ٤خؿش‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ‫ٝرٌُي‬.9٢‫ًخ٥ط‬ ٙ٬‫أػ‬:ُٖٔ ‫طليع‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫١ز٤ؼظٜخ‬ ٖٓ ‫ٝهخثغ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ّ‫هخ‬ ‫اًح‬
‫ٗلٔ٤خ‬ ‫حٟطَحرخ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ؿٔٔ٤خ‬ ‫أُٔخ‬ ‫آخ‬ ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝهؼض‬١ّ‫ػ‬‫مب‬333
Lorsqu'elle est constituée de faits de nature à produire chez celui qui en est l'objet, soit une
souffrance physique, soit un trouble moral profond,....

16. -59-
ً‫اٌفص‬55
ُ‫ح‬ْٖ‫ز‬َ‫ـ‬٫‫ا‬ ٍ‫ح٩رطخ‬ ٍٞ‫٣و‬ ٫‫اًح‬َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫حُطَف‬ ْ٤ُ‫طي‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ٗظؾ‬ٝ‫أ‬ٚ‫ٗخثز‬ٝ‫أ‬١ٌُ‫ح‬ ٚ‫حُ٘و‬
ِٚ‫أؿ‬ ٖٓ َٓ‫طؼخ‬،٤‫ك‬ ‫ًُٝي‬‫رؼي‬ ‫حُٞحٍى‬ ‫ح٫ٓظؼ٘خء‬ ‫ػيح‬ ‫ٔخ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬56
ُ‫ح‬ْٖ‫ز‬َ‫ـ‬ٍ‫ح٩رطخ‬ ٍٞ‫٣و‬‫اًح‬َٛ‫هخ‬ ٕٞ‫حُٔـز‬ ‫حُطَف‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬‫ح‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ح٧ِٛ٤ش‬ ٚ‫ٗخه‬،‫طؼخهي‬ ُٞٝ
ٚ٤ٛٝ ‫رٔؼٞٗش‬ٝ‫أ‬٢‫حُو٠خث‬ ٙ‫ٓٔخػي‬ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ‫٣ليىٛخ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫ُ٨ٟٝخع‬ ‫ٝكوخ‬،‫ػٔش‬ ٌٖ٣ ُْ ُٞٝ
َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫حُطَف‬ ٖٓ ْ٤ُ‫طي‬3َ‫ٝ٣ؼظز‬ْ٘‫ز‬َ‫ؿ‬٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫٣ِ٣ي‬ ‫كَم‬ ًَ ‫خ‬‫حُؼِغ‬‫حُؼوي‬ ٢‫ك‬ ًٌٍُٞٔ‫ح‬ ٖٔ‫حُؼ‬ ٖ٤‫ر‬
‫ُِ٘٢ء‬ ‫حُلو٤و٤ش‬ ‫ٝحُو٤ٔش‬3
‫اٌفشع‬‫اٌضبٌش‬:‫اٌزؼبلذ٠خ‬ ‫االٌزضاِبد‬ ً‫ِح‬
ً‫اٌفص‬57
ٝ ‫ح٧ٗ٤خء‬ِ‫حُيحه‬ ‫حُٔؼ٘ٞ٣ش‬ ‫ٝحُلوٞم‬ ٍ‫ح٧كؼخ‬ٌٕٞ‫ط‬ ٕ٧ ‫ٝكيٛخ‬ ‫طِٜق‬ َٓ‫حُظؼخ‬ ‫ىحثَس‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ش‬
ّ‫ُ٬ُظِح‬ ٬‫ٓل‬،‫ىحثَس‬ ٢‫ك‬ َ‫ٝ٣يه‬َٓ‫حُظؼخ‬ ‫َٛحكش‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ َّ‫٣ل‬ ٫ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫ح٧ٗ٤خء‬ ‫ؿٔ٤غ‬ َٓ‫حُظؼخ‬
‫ر‬ٜٗ‫٘ؤ‬‫خ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬58
ٌٕٞ٣ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫٣ـذ‬ ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬ َ‫ٓل‬ ٞٛ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫حُ٘٢ء‬‫ٓؼ٤٘خ‬‫رخُ٘ٔزش‬ َ‫ح٧ه‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ُ‫ا‬٠ٚ‫ٗٞػ‬3
‫ٓليى‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ ‫حُ٘٢ء‬ ٍ‫ٓويح‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ٝ٣ٔٞؽ‬‫اًح‬‫رؼي‬ ‫ك٤ٔخ‬ ‫ُِظلي٣ي‬ ٬‫هخر‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬59
‫ٗ٤جخ‬ ِٚ‫ٓل‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬ َ‫٣زط‬ٝ‫أ‬٬٤‫ٓٔظل‬ ٬ٔ‫ػ‬،ٚ‫١ز٤ؼظ‬ ‫رلٔذ‬ ‫آخ‬ٝ‫أ‬ٌْ‫رل‬
ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬61
ِْ‫٣ؼ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫حُٔظؼخهي‬،ٝ‫أ‬‫حُؼوي‬ ّ‫ارَح‬ ‫ػ٘ي‬ ِْ‫٣ؼ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬،ِ‫ح٫ُظ‬ َ‫ٓل‬ ‫حٓظلخُش‬ّ‫ح‬
ٙ‫طـخ‬ ٞ٣ٞ‫رخُظؼ‬ ‫ِِٓٓخ‬ ٌٕٞ٣َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫حُطَف‬3
ٞ٣ٞ‫حُظؼ‬ ٍٞ‫٣و‬ ٫ٝ‫اًح‬ِْ‫٣ؼ‬ َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫حُطَف‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ٝ‫أ‬ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬ َ‫ٓل‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ِْ‫٣ؼ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬
َ٤‫ٓٔظل‬3
ٌْ‫حُل‬ ْ‫ٗل‬ ‫ٝ٣طزن‬:
5-‫اًح‬٢‫حُزخه‬ ‫ًُي‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫حُؼوي‬ ‫ٝٛق‬ ٢‫حُزخه‬ ٕٝ‫ى‬ ٞ‫حُزؼ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٬٤‫ٓٔظل‬ ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٔؼوٞى‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬‫؛‬
2-‫اًح‬٤‫طو‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬ ‫ًخٗض‬٤ٝ ‫َ٣ش‬٬٤‫ٓٔظل‬ ‫رٜخ‬ ‫حُٔٞػٞى‬ ‫ح٧ٗ٤خء‬ ‫أكي‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬3

17. -59-
ً‫اٌفص‬61
٬‫ٓٔظوز‬ ‫ٗ٤جخ‬ ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬ َ‫ٓل‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ٕ‫أ‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ٝ‫أ‬40
‫ح٫ٓظؼ٘خءحص‬ ‫ػيح‬ ‫ك٤ٔخ‬ ‫ٓلون‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬
ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٠٠‫رٔوظ‬ ‫حُٔوٍَس‬3
‫حُل٤خس‬ ‫ه٤ي‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٕ‫اٗٔخ‬ ‫طًَش‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٍُ‫حُظ٘خ‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ ٫ ‫ًُي‬ ‫ٝٓغ‬،‫ك٤ٜخ‬ َٓ‫طؼخ‬ ١‫أ‬ ‫اؿَحء‬ ٫ٝٝ‫أ‬
ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ َٔ‫ط٘ظ‬ ‫ٓٔخ‬ ‫ٗ٢ء‬ ٢‫ك‬َ‫ر‬ َٜ‫ك‬ ُٞٝٙ‫ٟخ‬3‫ٓطِوخ‬ ‫رط٬ٗخ‬ ٬١‫رخ‬ ‫٣وغ‬ ‫ٓزن‬ ‫ٓٔخ‬ ‫طَٜف‬ ًَٝ3
‫اٌفشع‬‫اٌشاثغ‬:‫اٌزؼبلذ٠خ‬ ‫االٌزضاِبد‬ ‫عجت‬
ً‫اٌفص‬61
ُٚ ‫ٓزذ‬ ٫ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ّ‫ح٫ُظِح‬ٝ‫أ‬ٌٖ٣ ُْ ٕ‫ًؤ‬ ‫٣ؼي‬ ‫َٓ٘ٝع‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ ‫ٓزذ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٢٘‫حُٔز‬3
‫َٓ٘ٝع‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ ‫حُٔزذ‬ ٌٕٞ٣‫اًح‬‫حُلٔ٤يس‬ ‫ُ٨ه٬م‬ ‫ٓوخُلخ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ٝ‫أ‬ّ‫ُِ٘ظخ‬ّ‫حُؼخ‬ٝ‫أ‬ٕٞٗ‫ُِوخ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬63
َٝ‫٣لظ‬ًٌَ٣ ُْ ُٞٝ ‫َٝٓ٘ٝػخ‬ ‫كو٤و٤خ‬ ‫ٓززخ‬ ُٚ ٕ‫أ‬ ّ‫حُظِح‬ ًَ ٢‫ك‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬64
ًٌٍُٞٔ‫ح‬ ‫حُٔزذ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ َٝ‫٣لظ‬ٌْ‫حُؼ‬ ‫٣ؼزض‬ ٠‫كظ‬ ٢‫حُلو٤و‬ ‫حُٔزذ‬ ٞٛ3
ً‫اٌفص‬65
‫اًح‬٢‫كو٤و‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ ًٌٍُٞٔ‫ح‬ ‫حُٔزذ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ػزض‬ٝ‫أ‬‫َٓ٘ٝع‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬،ٕ‫أ‬ ٢‫٣يػ‬ ٖٓ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬
ْ٤‫٣و‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫َٓ٘ٝػخ‬ َ‫آه‬ ‫ٓززخ‬ ّ‫ُ٬ُظِح‬ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ َ٤ُ‫حُي‬3
40-‫ػزخٍس‬ ٢َٔٗ‫حُل‬ ُٚ٘‫ح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٍٝىص‬"une chose future et incertaine" "‫ٓلون‬ َ٤‫ٝؿ‬ ٬‫ٓٔظوز‬ ‫ٗ٤جخ‬"ٍ‫ري‬ ،
"٬‫ٓٔظوز‬ ‫ٗ٤جخ‬ٚ‫أ‬‫ٓلون‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬"‫حُؼَر٤ش‬ ‫حُظَؿٔش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ؿخء‬ ‫ًٔخ‬3

18. -51-
ٌّ‫ا‬ ‫األٚي‬ ‫اٌجبة‬‫ثطش٠مخ‬ ٗ‫اٌّٛج‬ ٚ‫أ‬ ٟٔٚ‫ئٌىزش‬ ً‫ثشى‬ َ‫اٌّجش‬ ‫اٌؼمذ‬ :‫ىشس‬
‫ئٌىزشٚٔ١خ‬41
‫ػبِخ‬ َ‫أحىب‬ :‫األٚي‬ ‫اٌفشع‬
ً‫اٌفص‬1-65
ٚ‫حُٔٞؿ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٢َٗٝ‫اٌُظ‬ ٌَ٘‫ر‬ َّ‫حُٔز‬ ‫حُؼوي‬ ‫ٛلش‬ ‫طو٠غ‬ ،‫حُزخد‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ّ‫أكٌخ‬ ‫َٓحػخس‬ ‫ٓغ‬
3ْٔ‫حُو‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٖٓ ٍٝ٧‫ح‬ ‫حُزخد‬ ّ‫٧كٌخ‬ ‫اٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬ ‫رطَ٣وش‬
ً‫اٌفص‬1-65
٫ّ‫أكٌخ‬ ١َٔ‫ط‬ٓ ٍٜٞ‫حُل‬ٖ29٠ُ‫ا‬92َٜ‫ٝحُل‬923‫حُزخد‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٙ٬‫أػ‬
‫اٌؼشض‬ :ٟٔ‫اٌضب‬ ‫اٌفشع‬
ً‫اٌفص‬3-65
‫رِٔغ‬ ‫ٓظؼِوش‬ ‫ٓؼِٞٓخص‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫طؼخهي٣ش‬ َٝٝ‫ػ‬ ‫ُٟٞغ‬ ‫ح٩ٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬ َ‫حُٞٓخث‬ ّ‫حٓظويح‬ ٌٖٔ٣
3‫حُؼوٞى‬ ٖٓ ‫ػوي‬ ّ‫ارَح‬ َ‫أؿ‬ ٖٓ ّٞٔ‫حُؼ‬ ‫اٗخٍس‬ ٍٖٛ ‫هيٓخص‬ ٝ‫أ‬
ُ‫ح‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ػوي‬ ّ‫ارَح‬ َ‫أؿ‬ ٖٓ ‫حُٔطِٞرش‬ ‫حُٔؼِٞٓخص‬ ٚ٤‫طٞؿ‬ ٌٖٔ٣ٌٙ٤‫ط٘ل‬ ‫أػ٘خء‬ ‫حُٔٞؿٜش‬ ‫ٔؼِٞٓخص‬
3‫حًٌٍُٔٞس‬ ‫حُٞٓ٤ِش‬ ّ‫حٓظويح‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫َٛحكش‬ ٚ٤ُ‫ا‬ ََُٓٔ‫ح‬ ‫ٝحكن‬ ‫اًح‬ ٢َٗٝ‫ح٩ٌُظ‬ ‫حُزَ٣ي‬ ‫١َ٣ن‬ ٖ‫ػ‬
‫حُٞهض‬ ٖٓ ‫حرظيحء‬ ٢َٗٝ‫ح٩ٌُظ‬ ‫حُزَ٣ي‬ ‫١َ٣ن‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٖ٤٤ُٜ٘ٔ‫ح‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫حُٔؼِٞٓخص‬ ٚ٤‫طٞؿ‬ ٌٖٔ٣
3٢َٗٝ‫ح٩ٌُظ‬ ْٜٗ‫رؼ٘ٞح‬ ٚ٤‫ك‬ ُٕٞ‫٣ي‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬
41-ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬ ‫رٔؼخرش‬ َ‫حُٔؼظز‬ ‫حَُ٘٣ق‬ َ٤ٜ‫حُظ‬ ٖٓ ٍٝ٧‫ح‬ ‫حٌُظخد‬ ٖٓ ٍٝ٧‫ح‬ ْٔ‫حُو‬ ،ٙ٬‫أػ‬ ٌٍَُٔ‫ح‬ ٍٝ٧‫ح‬ ‫حُزخد‬ ََّْٔ‫ط‬
‫حُٔخىس‬ ٠٠‫رٔوظ‬ ‫ًُٝي‬ ،‫ٝحُؼوٞى‬ ‫ح٫ُظِحٓخص‬9ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٖٓ19321‫ُِٔؼط٤خص‬ ٢َٗٝ‫ح٫ٌُظ‬ ٍ‫رخُظزخى‬ ‫٣ظؼِن‬
3‫حُوخٗٞٗ٤ش‬
‫حُٔخىس‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫ح٩ٗخٍس‬ ٍ‫طـي‬.2ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٖٓ95321:ٚٗ‫أ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٜٗض‬ ‫حُٔٔظِٜي‬ ‫ُلٔخ٣ش‬ َ٤‫طيحر‬ ‫رظلي٣ي‬ ٢ٟ‫حُوخ‬
‫حُٔٞحى‬ ّ‫أكٌخ‬ ‫ططزن‬ ٫ "29ٝ92ٝ99ٝ99: ‫ٓلِٜخ‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُؼوٞى‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬
5-٣ ٖ٤‫ُٓٞػ‬ ٕ‫ُي‬ ٖٓ ِٚٔ‫أٝػ‬ ٙ‫ٌٓ٘خ‬ َ‫ٓل‬ ٢‫ك‬ ١‫حُؼخى‬ ‫ح٫ٓظٜ٬ى‬ ‫رِٔغ‬ ‫حُٔٔظِٜي‬ ‫طِٝ٣ي‬‫ٓظٞحطَس‬ ‫رـٞ٫ص‬ ٕٞٓٞ‫و‬
‫؛‬ ‫ٝٓ٘ظظٔش‬
2-١ٍٝ‫ى‬ ٌَ٘‫ر‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٖ٤‫ٓؼ‬ ‫طخٍ٣ن‬ ٢‫ك‬ ّ‫طوي‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫٣ـذ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ٚ٤‫حُظَك‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ْ‫حُٔطخػ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ َ‫حُ٘و‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ح٩٣ٞحء‬ ‫هيٓخص‬ ْ٣‫طوي‬
3‫ٓليى‬
ٖ٤‫حُٔخىط‬ ّ‫أكٌخ‬ ‫ططزن‬29ٝ92‫حُويٓخص‬ ْ٣‫طوي‬ ‫ٟٓٞٞػٜخ‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ‫ػ٘يٓخ‬ ‫اٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬ ‫رطَ٣وش‬ ‫حُٔزَٓش‬ ‫حُؼوٞى‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬
‫حُز٘ي‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫اُ٤ٜخ‬ ٍ‫حُٔ٘خ‬2‫أ‬3"ٙ٬‫ػ‬
ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ َ‫حٗظ‬ْ‫ٍه‬95321‫حُٔٔظِٜي‬ ‫ُلٔخ٣ش‬ َ٤‫طيحر‬ ‫رظلي٣ي‬ ٢ٟ‫حُوخ‬ٌٙ٤‫رظ٘ل‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ْ‫ٍه‬ ‫َٗ٣ق‬ َ٤ٜ‫ظ‬5355329
‫رظخٍ٣ن‬5.ٍٝ٧‫ح‬ ‫ٍر٤غ‬ ٖٓ5.92(51َ٣‫كزَح‬2255)‫؛‬‫حَُٓٔ٤ش‬ ‫حُـَ٣يس‬‫ػيى‬1992‫رظخٍ٣ن‬9٠ُٝ٧‫ح‬ ٟ‫ؿٔخى‬
5.92(9َ٣َ‫أر‬2255ٙ ،)52923

19. -59-
‫حُٔؼِٞٓخ‬ ‫اىٍحؽ‬ ‫حُٞحؿذ‬ ٖٓ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ‫اًح‬‫رطَ٣وش‬ ‫ح٧ه٤َس‬ ٌٙٛ ‫ٟٝغ‬ ٖ٤‫طؼ‬ ،‫حٓظٔخٍس‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ص‬
3‫طؼزجظٜخ‬ ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٞحؿزش‬ ٚ‫حُ٘و‬ ‫اٗخٍس‬ ٍٖٛ ‫اٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬
ً‫اٌفص‬4-65
‫اٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬ ‫ٝرطَ٣وش‬ ‫ٜٓ٘٤ش‬ ‫رٜلش‬ ،‫٣وظَف‬ ٖٓ ًَ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٖ٤‫٣ظؼ‬42
ْ٣‫طوي‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ِٓغ‬ ‫طٍٞ٣ي‬
١َُٝ٘‫ح‬ ّٞٔ‫حُؼ‬ ‫اٗخٍس‬ ٍٖٛ ‫٣٠غ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ،‫ػ٘خَٛٛخ‬ ‫أكي‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫طـخٍ٣ش‬ ٍٞٛ‫أ‬ ‫طلٞ٣ض‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫هيٓخص‬
٣‫حُظؼخهي‬‫ش‬43
3‫ٝحٓظ٘ٔخهٜخ‬ ‫رٜخ‬ ‫ح٫كظلخظ‬ ٖٓ ٌٖٔ٣ ٌَ٘‫ر‬ ‫حُٔطزوش‬
َ‫٣ظ‬ َٝ‫حُؼ‬ ‫ٛخكذ‬ ٕ‫كب‬ ،َٝ‫حُؼ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ػِ٤ٜخ‬ ُٜٙٞ٘ٔ‫ح‬ ‫حُٜلش‬ ١َٝ٘‫ر‬ ٍ٬‫ح٩ه‬ ٕٝ‫ى‬
‫ُٝٞؽ‬ َ‫ظ‬ ‫١خُٔخ‬ ،‫ًُي‬ ٌٍ‫طؼ‬ ٕ‫ا‬ ،ٝ‫أ‬ ًٌٍُٞٔ‫ح‬ َٝ‫حُؼ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫حُٔليىس‬ ‫حُٔيس‬ ‫١٤ِش‬ ‫ٓٞحء‬ ٚ‫ر‬ ‫ِِٓٓخ‬
3ِٚ‫كؼ‬ ‫ٗظ٤ـش‬ ‫اٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬ ‫رطَ٣وش‬ ‫ٓظ٤َٔح‬ َٝ‫حُؼ‬
َٝ‫حُؼ‬ ٖٔ٠‫٣ظ‬44
٬‫ػ‬ ،:٢ِ٣ ‫ٓخ‬ ٕ‫ر٤خ‬ ،‫ًُي‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝس‬
42-‫حُٔخىس‬ َ‫حٗظ‬95ٍ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ْٖٓ‫ه‬95321ًٌَُ‫ح‬ ‫ٓخُق‬‫حُٔخىس‬ ‫رٔوظ٠٤خص‬ ٍ٬‫ح٩ه‬ ٕٝ‫ى‬ " :ٚٗ‫أ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٚ٘‫ط‬ ٢‫ٝحُظ‬
29ٕ‫أ‬ ،‫رؼي‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٍ‫ُ٬طٜخ‬ َٟ‫أه‬ ‫طو٘٤ش‬ ‫أ٣ش‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫حُٜخطق‬ ٍ‫رخٓظؼٔخ‬ ‫رؼي‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫رز٤غ‬ َٓ٧‫ح‬ ‫طؼِن‬ ‫اًح‬ ،‫حٍُٔٞى‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫٣ـذ‬ ،
3" ٍ‫ح٫طٜخ‬ ٖٓ ١ٍ‫حُظـخ‬ َٝ‫ٝحُـ‬ ٚ‫ٛٞ٣ظ‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫حُٔٔظِٜي‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫حُٔلخىػش‬ ‫ريح٣ش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫َٛحكش‬ َ٤٘٣
43-َ‫حٗظ‬‫حُٔخىس‬92ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٖٓ95321ًٌَُ‫ح‬ ‫ٓخُق‬ٌٖٔ٣ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫حٍُٔٞى‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫٣ـذ‬ " :ٚٗ‫أ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٚ٘‫ط‬ ٢‫ٝحُظ‬
٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ٝحُِٔغ‬ ‫حُٔ٘ظٞؿخص‬ ‫طٍٞ٣ي‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٔطزوش‬ ‫حُظؼخهي٣ش‬ ١َُٝ٘‫ح‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝح٫١٬ع‬ ‫رُٜٔٞش‬ ‫حُُٞٞؽ‬ ٖٓ ‫حُٔٔظِٜي‬
ٍُٞٔ ٢َٗٝ‫ح٩ٌُظ‬ ‫حُٔٞهغ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٍ‫ح٫ٓظوزخ‬ ‫ٛللش‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ًُٝي‬ ،‫رؼي‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُويٓخص‬ ْ٣‫طوي‬٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫حُويٓش‬ ّ‫ٓوي‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫حُِٔؼش‬ ‫ى‬
‫١َف‬ ٖٓ ‫َٛ٣ق‬ ٍٞ‫هز‬ ‫ٟٓٞٞع‬ ١َُٝ٘‫ح‬ ٌٙٛ ٌٕٞ‫ط‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫٣ـذ‬ ‫ًٔخ‬ 3‫ٍُِٔٞى‬ ‫ػَٟخ‬ ٖٔ٠‫طظ‬ ٍ‫حطٜخ‬ ‫ىػخٓش‬ ‫أ٣ش‬
3"َٝ‫حُؼ‬ ٍٞ‫هز‬ ‫طؤً٤ي‬ َ‫هز‬ ‫ًُٝي‬ ‫حُٔٔظِٜي‬
44-‫ٓغ‬ ٍٕ‫هخ‬‫حُٔخىس‬29ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٖٓ95321ًٌَُ‫ح‬ ‫ٓخُق‬‫رخُٔؼِٞٓخص‬ ٍ٬‫ح٩ه‬ ٕٝ‫"ى‬ :ٚٗ‫أ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٚ٘‫ط‬ ٢‫ٝحُظ‬
ُٜٙٞ٘ٔ‫ح‬ٖ٤‫حُٔخىط‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ػِ٤ٜخ‬9ٝ1ٖٔ٠‫٣ظ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫٣ـذ‬ ،َٔ‫حُؼ‬ ٚ‫ر‬ ١ٍ‫ؿخ‬ َ‫آه‬ ٢ٔ٤‫ط٘ظ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٢‫طَ٘٣ؼ‬ ٚٗ ١‫أ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٝ‫أ‬
:‫حُظخُ٤ش‬ ‫حُٔؼِٞٓخص‬ ‫رؼي‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُز٤غ‬ ‫رؼوي‬ ‫حُٔظؼِن‬ َٝ‫حُؼ‬
5-‫؛‬ َٝ‫حُؼ‬ َ‫ٓل‬ ‫حُويٓش‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫حُِٔؼش‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ُِٔ٘ظٞؽ‬ ‫ح٧ٓخٓ٤ش‬ ‫رخُٔٔ٤ِحص‬ ‫حُظؼَ٣ق‬
2-‫حُٜخطل٤ش‬ ‫ٝحُٔؼط٤خص‬ ‫حُظـخٍ٣ش‬ ٚ‫ٝطٔٔ٤ظ‬ ‫حٍُٔٞى‬ ْٓ‫ح‬٢َٗٝ‫ح٫ٌُظ‬ ٙ‫ٝرَ٣ي‬ ٚ‫ٓؼ‬ ٢ِ‫حُلؼ‬ َٛ‫حُظٞح‬ ٖٓ ٌٖٔ‫ط‬ ٢‫حُظ‬
‫حُٔئٓٔش‬ ٕ‫كؼ٘ٞح‬ ‫حٍُٔٞى‬ َ٤‫رـ‬ َٓ٧‫ح‬ ‫طؼِن‬ ‫ٝاًح‬ ،٢‫ح٫ؿظٔخػ‬ َٙ‫كٔو‬ ١ٞ٘‫ٓؼ‬ ٚ‫ر٘و‬ َٓ٧‫ح‬ ‫طؼِن‬ ‫ٝاًح‬ ٚٗ‫ٝػ٘ٞح‬
‫؛‬ َٝ‫حُؼ‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُٔٔئُٝش‬
: ٢ٗ‫حُٔ٤زَح‬ َ‫ُِظخؿ‬ ‫رخُ٘ٔزش‬
-ٓ‫ٍٝأ‬ ِٚ٤‫طٔـ‬ ْ‫كَه‬ ،١ٍ‫حُظـخ‬ َ‫حُٔـ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫حُو٤ي‬ ‫ٌُِ٘٤خص‬ ‫هخٟؼخ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ‫اًح‬‫حًَُ٘ش؛‬ ٍ‫ٔخ‬
-‫حُ٠َ٣ز٢؛‬ ٚ‫طؼَ٣ل‬ ْ‫حُٔ٠خكش،كَه‬ ‫حُو٤ٔش‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ُِ٠َ٣زش‬ ‫هخٟؼخ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ‫اًح‬
-‫؛‬ ‫ِٓٔظٜخ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫ٝحُِٔطش‬ ‫ٝطخٍ٣وٜخ‬ ‫حَُهٜش‬ ْ‫كَه‬ ،ٚ٤‫حُظَه‬ ّ‫ُ٘ظخ‬ ‫هخٟؼخ‬ ٚ١‫ٗ٘خ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ‫ٝاًح‬
-ٛ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٚ٤‫ك‬ َٜ‫ك‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫ٝحُزِي‬ ‫حُٜٔ٘٤ش‬ ٚ‫ٝٛلظ‬ ‫حُٔطزوش‬ ‫حُٜٔ٘٤ش‬ ‫حُوٞحػي‬ ‫كَٔؿغ‬ ،‫ٓ٘ظٔش‬ ‫ُٜٔ٘ش‬ ‫ٓ٘ظٔ٤خ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ‫اًح‬ٌٙ
3ٚ٤‫ك‬ َ‫حُٔٔـ‬ ٢ُٜ٘ٔ‫ح‬ ْ٤‫حُظ٘ظ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫حُٜ٤جش‬ ْٓ‫ح‬ ‫ًٌٝح‬ ‫حُٜلش‬
9-‫؛‬ ٍ‫حُلخ‬ ٠٠‫حهظ‬ ٕ‫ا‬ ٚ‫ٜٝٓخٍ٣ل‬ ْ٤ِٔ‫حُظ‬ َ‫أؿ‬
.-‫حُٔخىس‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ُٜٙٞ٘ٔ‫ح‬ ‫حُظَحؿغ‬ ‫كن‬ ‫ٝؿٞى‬99‫حُزخد‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ّ‫أكٌخ‬ ‫ك٤ٜخ‬ ٠٘‫طٔظؼ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُلخ٫ص‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ػيح‬ ‫ٓخ‬ ،
‫حًٌٍُٔٞ؛‬ ‫حُلن‬ ‫ٓٔخٍٓش‬
1-‫؛‬ ٌ٤‫حُظ٘ل‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ْ٤ِٔ‫حُظ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ح٧ىحء‬ ‫ً٤ل٤خص‬
9-‫؛‬ ٚ‫طؼَ٣لظ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٚ٘ٔ‫ٝػ‬ َٝ‫حُؼ‬ ‫ٛ٬ك٤ش‬ ‫ٓيس‬

20. -22-
5-‫أكي‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٢٘‫حُٔؼ‬ ١ٍ‫حُظـخ‬ َٛ٧‫ح‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫حُٔوظَكش‬ ‫حُويٓش‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ُِِٔؼش‬ ‫ح٧ٓخٓ٤ش‬ ٚ‫حُوٜخث‬
‫؛‬ َٙٛ‫ػ٘خ‬
2-‫؛‬ َٙٛ‫ػ٘خ‬ ‫أكي‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ١ٍ‫حُظـخ‬ َٛ٧‫ح‬ ‫طلٞ٣ض‬ ١َٝٗ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫حُويٓش‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫حُِٔؼش‬ ‫ر٤غ‬ ١َٝٗ
9-٫ٝ ‫اٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬ ‫رطَ٣وش‬ ‫حُؼوي‬ ّ‫٩رَح‬ ‫حطزخػٜخ‬ ‫حُٞحؿذ‬ َ‫حَُٔحك‬ ‫ٓوظِق‬ٔ٤ٓ‫حٌُ٤ل٤ش‬ ‫خ‬
‫؛‬ ‫حُٔظزخىُش‬ ْٜ‫رخُظِحٓخط‬ ‫ح٧١َحف‬ ‫١زوٜخ‬ ٢‫٣ل‬ ٢‫حُظ‬
.-‫ح٧هطخء‬ ‫ً٘ق‬ ٖٓ ،‫حُؼوي‬ ّ‫ارَح‬ َ‫هز‬ ،َٔ‫حُٔلظ‬ َٔ‫حُٔٔظؼ‬ ٌٖٔ‫ط‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُظو٘٤ش‬ َ‫حُٞٓخث‬
‫؛‬ ‫ٝطٜل٤لٜخ‬ ‫حُٔؼط٤خص‬ َ٤ٜ‫طل‬ ‫أػ٘خء‬ ‫حَُٔطٌزش‬
1-‫حُؼوي‬ ّ‫ارَح‬ َ‫أؿ‬ ٖٓ ‫حُٔوظَكش‬ ‫حُِـخص‬45
‫؛‬
9-‫ُي‬ ٖٓ ‫ح٧ٍٗ٤ق‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫حُؼوي‬ ‫كلع‬ ‫١َ٣وش‬٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ح٫١٬ع‬ ١َٝٗٝ َٝ‫حُؼ‬ ‫ٛخكذ‬ ٕ
‫؛‬ ‫ًُي‬ َ٣َ‫طز‬ ٚ٘ٓ َٝ‫حُـ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫حُؼوي‬ ‫١ز٤ؼش‬ ٕ‫ٗؤ‬ ٖٓ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ‫اًح‬ ‫حُٔللٞظ‬ ‫حُؼوي‬
9-ِّ‫٣ؼظ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫ٝحُظـخٍ٣ش‬ ‫حُٜٔ٘٤ش‬ ‫حُوٞحػي‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ،‫اٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬ ‫رطَ٣وش‬ ،‫ح٫١٬ع‬ َ‫ٝٓخث‬
3‫ح٫هظ٠خء‬ ‫ػ٘ي‬ ،‫ُٜخ‬ ‫حُو٠ٞع‬ َٝ‫حُؼ‬ ‫ٛخكذ‬
ُ‫ا‬ ٍ‫حُٔ٘خ‬ ‫حُز٤خٗخص‬ ‫ٌُخكش‬ ٖٔ٠‫ٓظ‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ ‫حهظَحف‬ ًََٜ‫حُل‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫٤ٜخ‬ٍٙ‫حػظزخ‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ ٫
3ٚ‫ٛخكز‬ ِِّ٣ ٫ٝ ،ٍ‫اٜٗخ‬ ‫ٓـَى‬ ٠‫٣زو‬ َ‫ر‬ ‫ػَٟخ‬
ٟٔٚ‫ئٌىزش‬ ً‫ثشى‬ ‫ػمذ‬ َ‫ئثشا‬ :‫اٌضبٌش‬ ‫اٌفشع‬
ً‫اٌفص‬5-65
ٖٓ ‫حُظلون‬ ٖٓ ٌٖٔ‫ط‬ ‫هي‬ ٚ٤ُ‫ا‬ َٝ‫حُؼ‬ ٍَٓ‫أ‬ ٖٓ ٌٕٞ٣ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫حُؼوي‬ ّ‫ارَح‬ ‫ُٜلش‬ ١َ‫٣٘ظ‬
‫ح٧هطخء‬ ‫طٜل٤ق‬ ٖٓٝ ٢ُ‫ح٩ؿٔخ‬ َٙ‫ٓؼ‬ ٖٓٝ ٚ٘‫ػ‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ ًٕ٩‫ح‬ َ٤ٛ‫طلخ‬َ‫هز‬ ‫ًُٝي‬ ،‫حُٔلظِٔش‬
3ُٚٞ‫هز‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ َ٤‫حُظؼز‬ َ‫٧ؿ‬ ًٌٍُٞٔ‫ح‬ ًٕ٩‫ح‬ ‫طؤً٤ي‬
،ٍَ‫ٓز‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ َ٤‫طؤه‬ ٕٝ‫ٝى‬ ،‫اٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬ ‫رطَ٣وش‬ ٍ‫ح٩ٗؼخ‬ َٝ‫حُؼ‬ ‫ٛخكذ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫٣ـذ‬
3ٚ٤ُ‫ا‬ ٚ‫حُٔٞؿ‬ َٝ‫حُؼ‬ ٍٞ‫هز‬ ِٚٔٔ‫رظ‬ ،‫اٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬ ‫ٝرطَ٣وش‬
3ٚ٤‫ك‬ ‫ٍؿؼش‬ ٫ ٌَ٘‫ر‬ ٚ‫ر‬ ‫ِِٓٓخ‬ َٝ‫حُؼ‬ ِْٔ‫ط‬ ٍٞ‫ك‬ ٚ٤ُ‫ا‬ ََُٓٔ‫ح‬ ‫٣ٜزق‬
9-‫؛‬ ‫رؼي‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٍ‫ح٫طٜخ‬ ‫طو٘٤ش‬ ٍ‫حٓظؼٔخ‬ ‫طٌِلش‬
1-ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ِٓؼش‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ُٔ٘ظٞؽ‬ ١ٍٝ‫ى‬ ٝ‫أ‬ َٔ‫ٓٔظ‬ ‫رظِٝ٣ي‬ َٓ٧‫ح‬ ‫٣ظؼِن‬ ‫ػ٘يٓخ‬ ،ٍ‫حُلخ‬ ٠٠‫حهظ‬ ٕ‫ا‬ ،‫حُٔوظَف‬ ‫ُِؼوي‬ ‫حُيٗ٤خ‬ ‫حُٔيس‬
3‫هيٓش‬
‫حُظزخ‬ ٕٝ‫ى‬ ١ٍ‫حُظـخ‬ ‫١خرؼٜخ‬ ٠ِ‫٣ظـ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫٣ـذ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ،‫حًٌٍُٔٞس‬ ‫حُٔؼِٞٓخص‬ ‫طزِؾ‬‫ٝحٟلش‬ ‫رٍٜٞس‬ ‫حُٔٔظِٜي‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ،ّ
3‫رؼي‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٍ‫ُ٬طٜخ‬ ‫حُٔٔظويٓش‬ ‫ُِظو٘٤ش‬ ‫ٓ٬ثٔش‬ ‫ٝٓ٤ِش‬ ًَ ‫١َ٣ن‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝٓلٜٞٓش‬
ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ‫رٔوظ٠٤خص‬ ٍ٬‫ح٩ه‬ ٕٝ‫ى‬19321‫حٍُٔٞى‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫٣ـذ‬ ،‫حُوخٗٞٗ٤ش‬ ‫ُِٔؼط٤خص‬ ٢َٗٝ‫ح٫ٌُظ‬ ٍ‫رخُظزخى‬ ‫حُٔظؼِن‬
ٌٚ٘ٔ٣ ٕ‫ٝأ‬ ،ٚ‫حهظ٤خٍحط‬ ‫رٔوظِق‬ ‫حُؼوي‬ ّ‫ارَح‬ َ‫هز‬ ‫حُٔٔظِٜي‬ ًٌَ٣ ٕ‫أ‬3ٚ‫اٍحىط‬ ‫كٔذ‬ ‫طؼي٣ِٜخ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٚ‫١ِز٤ظ‬ ‫طؤً٤ي‬ ٖٓ
45-‫حُٔخىس‬ َ‫حٗظ‬229ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٖٓ95321ًٌَُ‫ح‬ ‫ٓخُق‬‫أؿ٘ز٤ش‬ ‫رِـش‬ ٍَ‫ك‬ ‫ػوي‬ ًَ ٕ‫"ا‬ :ٚٗ‫أ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٜٗض‬ ٢‫ٝحُظ‬
3"‫حُؼَر٤ش‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫رظَؿٔش‬ ‫ٝؿٞرخ‬ ‫٣ٜطلذ‬

21. -25-
ٝ َٝ‫حُؼ‬ ٍٞ‫هز‬ َ‫٣ؼظز‬‫ح٧١َحف‬ ٕ‫ربٌٓخ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ‫اًح‬ ‫رٜخ‬ ٬ٛٞ‫ٓظ‬ ِْٔ‫رخُظ‬ ٍ‫ٝح٩ٗؼخ‬ ٙ‫طؤً٤ي‬
3‫اُ٤ٜخ‬ ‫حُُٞٞؽ‬ ْٜ٤ُ‫ا‬ ‫حَُِٔٓش‬
‫ِزفشلخ‬ َ‫أحىب‬ :‫اٌشاثغ‬ ‫اٌفشع‬
ً‫اٌفص‬6-65
‫رٞحٓطش‬ ،ٕ‫ح٩ٌٓخ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ‫ػ٘يٓخ‬ ‫ٓٔظٞكخس‬ ‫ُ٬هظطخع‬ ‫حُوخرِش‬ ‫ح٫ٓظٔخٍس‬ ‫اُِحٓ٤ش‬ َ‫طؼظز‬
ٜ‫ٝطؼزجظ‬ ‫ح٫ٓظٔخٍس‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫حُُٞٞؽ‬ ،‫ٓؼ٤٘ش‬ ‫اٌُظَٝٗ٤ش‬ ‫ٝٓ٤ِش‬3‫ٗلٜٔخ‬ ‫رخُطَ٣وش‬ ‫آٍخُٜخ‬ ‫ٝاػخىس‬ ‫خ‬
ً‫اٌفص‬7-65
‫ُِٔلٍَحص‬ ‫رخُ٘ٔزش‬ ‫ٓٔظٞكخس‬ ‫ح٩ُِحٓ٤ش‬ ٌٙٛ َ‫طؼظز‬ ،ٍٞٛ‫أ‬ ‫رؼيس‬ ‫ح٩ى٫ء‬ ‫٣طِذ‬ ‫ػ٘يٓخ‬
ٍٜٞ‫حُل‬ ّ‫٧كٌخ‬ ‫ٝكوخ‬ ‫ٝٓللٞظخ‬ ‫ٓؼيح‬ ٢٘‫حُٔؼ‬ ٍَ‫حُٔل‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ‫اًح‬ ٢َٗٝ‫اٌُظ‬ ٌَ٘‫ر‬ ‫حُٔؼيس‬5-.59
ٝ2-.59ٝ9-.59ٌَُ ‫طٔٔق‬ ‫حُٔٔظؼِٔش‬ ‫حُٞٓ٤ِش‬ ‫ًٝخٗض‬ ،ٙ‫أىٗخ‬‫حُٔؼ٘٤ش‬ ‫ح٧١َحف‬ ٖٓ ‫١َف‬
3ٚ٤ُ‫ا‬ ‫رخُُٞٞؽ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٚ٘ٓ ‫ٗٔوش‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٍٜٞ‫رخُل‬
‫اٌجبة‬ٟٔ‫اٌضب‬:‫اٌؼمٛد‬ ٖ‫أشجب‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫إٌبشئخ‬ ‫االٌزضاِبد‬
ً‫اٌفص‬66
ِْٔ‫ط‬ ٖٓٝ‫أ‬‫ٗ٤جخ‬ ُ‫كخ‬ٝ‫أ‬‫أ‬١‫ه٤ٔش‬َٟ‫أه‬َ٤‫ُِـ‬ ‫ِٓٔٞى‬ ٞٛ ‫ٓٔخ‬‫ٌٛح‬ ٍَ‫٣ز‬ ‫ٓزذ‬ ٕٝ‫ري‬
ٚ‫كٔخر‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ َٟ‫أػ‬ ُٖٔ ٙ‫رَى‬ ِّ‫حُظ‬ ‫ح٩ػَحء‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬67
ٗ ٖٔ‫رل‬ ِٚ‫حٓظو‬ َٖٓ٤‫حُـ‬ َ‫ٗـ‬ ٖٓ ‫ٗلؼخ‬ ‫٤ش‬ٝ‫أ‬‫حُ٘لغ‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٍَ‫٣ز‬ ‫ٓزذ‬ ٕٝ‫ري‬ ٚ‫ٗ٤ج‬،ِّ‫حُظ‬
ٚ‫كٔخر‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ َٟ‫أػ‬ ٖٓ ٞ٣ٞ‫رظؼ‬،ِٚ‫كؼ‬ ٖٓ ٚ‫ر‬ َٟ‫أػ‬ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫كيٝى‬ ٢‫ك‬ٝ‫أ‬ٚ‫ٗ٤ج‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬68
ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ‫٣ـذ‬ ُْ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫ىكغ‬ ٖٓ،ٚ٘ٓ ‫ظ٘خ‬ٚٗ‫أ‬ٚ‫ر‬ ٖ٣‫ٓي‬،ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٢ِ‫ؿ‬ ‫ٗظ٤ـش‬ٝ‫أ‬‫حُٞحهغ‬ ٢‫ك‬،
ُٚ ٚ‫ىكؼ‬ ٖٓ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ح٫ٓظَىحى‬ ‫كن‬ ُٚ ٕ‫ًخ‬3‫ح‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٌَُٖٝ٤‫٧ه‬‫رخَُى‬ ِّ‫٣ِظ‬ ٫،‫اًح‬‫أطِق‬ ‫هي‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ٝ‫أ‬
ٖ٣‫حُي‬ ‫كـش‬ َ‫أرط‬،ٝ‫أ‬ٚ٘٣‫ى‬ ‫ٟٔخٗخص‬ ٖٓ ‫طـَى‬ٝ‫أ‬ٖ٣‫حُٔي‬ ‫ٟي‬ ٙ‫ىػٞح‬ ‫طَى‬‫ًُٝي‬ ّ‫طظوخى‬ ٢‫حُلو٤و‬
‫ٗ٤ش‬ ٖٔ‫ك‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ُٚ َٜ‫ك‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫ُِٞكخء‬ ‫ٝٗظ٤ـش‬،‫حَُؿٞع‬ ٫‫ا‬ ‫ىكغ‬ ُٖٔ ٌٕٞ٣ ٫ ‫حُلخُش‬ ٌٙٛ ٢‫ٝك‬
٢‫حُلو٤و‬ ٖ٣‫حُٔي‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬69
‫ٓخ‬ ٍٙ‫رخهظ٤خ‬ ‫ىكغ‬ ِٖٓ٣ ٫ِٚٓ،‫رٌُي‬ ‫ػخُٔخ‬،ٚ‫ىكؼ‬ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫٣ٔظَى‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ُٚ ْ٤ِ‫ك‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬71
‫٣ظلون‬ ُْ َ‫ٓٔظوز‬ ‫ُٔزذ‬ ‫ىكغ‬ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫حٓظَىحى‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬،ٝ‫أ‬ٍ‫ُح‬ ٌُٚ٘ٝ ‫ٓٞؿٞىح‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ‫ُٔزذ‬3

22. -22-
ً‫اٌفص‬71
‫ٓٔظو‬ ‫ُٔزذ‬ ‫ىكغ‬ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫٫ٓظَىحى‬ َ‫ٓل‬ ٫‫ز‬‫٣ظلون‬ ُْ َ،‫اًح‬‫ح‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ِْ‫٣ؼ‬ ‫ُيحكغ‬،‫حُيكغ‬ ‫ػ٘ي‬
‫طلو‬ ‫حٓظلخُش‬‫حُٔزذ‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ‫ن‬،ٝ‫أ‬‫ى‬ ٍ‫كخ‬ ‫هي‬ ٚٔ‫ٗل‬ ٞٛ ٕ‫ًخ‬ٚ‫طلوو‬ ٕٝ3
ً‫اٌفص‬71
ٕٞٗ‫ُِوخ‬ ‫ٓوخُق‬ ‫ُٔزذ‬ ‫ىكغ‬ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫حٓظَىحى‬ ُٞ‫٣ـ‬ٝ‫أ‬ّ‫حُؼخ‬ ّ‫ُِ٘ظخ‬ٝ‫أ‬‫حُلٔ٤يس‬ ‫ُ٨ه٬م‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬73
ّ‫رخُظوخى‬ ٢‫ٓو‬ ٖ٣‫ُي‬ ‫ط٘ل٤ٌح‬ ْ‫٣ظ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫حُيكغ‬ٝ‫أ‬١ٞ٘‫ٓؼ‬ ّ‫٫ُظِح‬،‫ح٫ٓظَىحى‬ ٍٞ‫٣و‬ ٫‫اًح‬ٕ‫ًخ‬
‫حُظَٜف‬ ‫رؤِٛ٤ش‬ ‫ٓظٔظؼخ‬ ‫حُيحكغ‬‫حُظزَع‬ َ٤‫ٓز‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬،ٗ‫أ‬ ٢ِ‫ؿ‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫٣ؼظوي‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ُٞٝ‫رخُيكغ‬ ِِّٓ ٚ،ٝ‫أ‬
ّ‫حُظوخى‬ ‫ٝحهؼش‬ َٜ‫٣ـ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬74
‫حُيكغ‬ ٍ‫٣ؼخى‬،ٙ٬‫أػ‬ ‫ػِ٤ٜخ‬ ُٜٙٞ٘ٔ‫ح‬ ‫حُلخ٫ص‬ ٢‫ك‬،ٟ‫اكي‬ ‫ٝاهخٓش‬ َ‫رٔوخر‬ ‫حُٞكخء‬
‫حُ٠ٔخٗخص‬،ٖ٣‫ري‬ ‫ح٫ػظَحف‬ ٖٔ٠‫طظ‬ ‫كـش‬ ْ٤ِٔ‫ٝط‬ٝ‫أ‬١‫أ‬‫طٜيف‬ َٟ‫أه‬ ‫كـش‬٠ُ‫ا‬‫ٝؿٞى‬ ‫اػزخص‬
ّ‫حُظِح‬ٝ‫أ‬ٚ٘ٓ َِ‫حُظل‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬75
ٍ‫اَٟح‬ ‫كن‬ َ٤‫رـ‬ َٟ‫أػ‬ ٖٓ‫ح‬‫رخُـ‬ِٚٔٔ‫ط‬ ‫ٓخ‬ ٖ٤‫ػ‬ ُٚ ‫٣َى‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ُِٚٓ َ٤،‫اًح‬ٍ‫ٓخُح‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬
‫ٓٞؿٞىح‬،ٝ‫أ‬ٙ‫ا٣خ‬ ِٚٔٔ‫ط‬ ّٞ٣ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ‫ه٤ٔظ‬ ُٚ ‫٣َى‬ ٕ‫أ‬،‫اًح‬‫ِٛي‬ ‫هي‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ٝ‫أ‬ِٚ‫رلؼ‬ ‫طؼ٤ذ‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ر‬ٙ‫وطب‬،
‫حُظؼ٤ذ‬ ‫كخُش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٖٓ‫ٟخ‬ ٞٛٝ‫أ‬ٝٚ٤ُ‫ا‬ ‫حُ٘٢ء‬ ٍٞٛٝ ‫ٝهض‬ ٖٓ ‫هخَٛس‬ ‫روٞس‬ َٛ‫حُلخ‬ ‫حُٜ٬ى‬‫اًح‬
‫ٗ٤ش‬ ‫رٔٞء‬ ِٚٔٔ‫ط‬ ‫هي‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬3ِّ‫٣ِظ‬ ‫ٗ٤ش‬ ‫رٔٞء‬ َُ‫ٝحُٔل‬ٍ‫حُؼٔخ‬ ‫رَى‬ ‫أ٣٠خ‬ٝ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫ٝحُٔ٘خكغ‬ ‫حُِ٣خىحص‬
ُٞ ‫٣ـ٘٤ٜخ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٚ‫ٝحؿز‬ ٖٓ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫ٝطِي‬ ‫ؿ٘خٛخ‬ٖٔ‫أك‬‫ح٩ىحٍس‬،ُٚ ‫حُٞكخء‬ ٍٜٞ‫ك‬ ّٞ٣ ٖٓ ‫ًُٝي‬
ٝ‫أ‬‫كن‬ َ٤‫رـ‬ ‫حُ٘٢ء‬ ِٚٔٔ‫ط‬ ّٞ٣ ٖٓ3ٝ‫اًح‬‫حُ٘٤ش‬ ٖٔ‫ك‬ َُ‫حُٔل‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬،‫كيٝى‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٫‫ا‬ ٍ‫٣ٔؤ‬ ٫ ٚٗ‫كب‬
‫ٗلغ‬ ٖٓ ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ػخى‬ ‫ٓخ‬،‫حُٔطخُزش‬ ‫طخٍ٣ن‬ ٖٓٝ3
ً‫اٌفص‬76
‫ا‬‫ًح‬ٚ‫رخػ‬ ‫هي‬ ‫ٗ٤ش‬ ٖٔ‫رل‬ ‫حُ٘٢ء‬ ِْٔ‫ط‬ ٖٓ ٕ‫ًخ‬،ٚ٘ٔ‫ػ‬ ‫رَى‬ ٫‫ا‬ ِّ‫٣ِظ‬ ٫ ٚٗ‫كب‬،ٝ‫أ‬‫ٓخ‬ َ٣ٞ‫رظل‬ُٚ
‫كوٞم‬ ٖٓ46
١َ‫حُٔ٘ظ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬‫اًح‬‫حُ٘٤ش‬ ٖٔ‫ك‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ َٔ‫حٓظ‬٠ُ‫ا‬‫حُز٤غ‬ ‫ٝهض‬3
46-‫ػزخٍس‬ ٢َٔٗ‫حُل‬ ُٚ٘‫ح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٍٝىص‬"les actions""ٟٝ‫حُيػخ‬"ٍ‫ري‬"‫حُلوٞم‬"3

23. -29-
‫اٌجبة‬‫اٌضبٌش‬:ُ‫اٌجشائ‬ ٖ‫ٚأشجب‬ ُ‫اٌجشائ‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫إٌبشئخ‬ ‫االٌزضاِبد‬
ً‫اٌفص‬77
ٍ‫ٝحهظ٤خ‬ ‫ر٤٘ش‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٕ‫ح٩ٗٔخ‬ ٚ‫حٍطٌز‬ َ‫كؼ‬ ًَ،٤‫ؿ‬ ٖٕٓٝٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٚ‫ر‬ ُٚ ‫٣ٔٔق‬ ٕ‫أ‬ َ،‫كؤكيع‬
‫ٓخى٣خ‬ ‫ٍَٟح‬ٝ‫أ‬َ٤‫ُِـ‬ ‫ٓؼ٘ٞ٣خ‬،ُِّ‫أ‬ٍَ٠ُ‫ح‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٞ٣ٞ‫رظؼ‬ ٚ‫َٓطٌز‬،‫اًح‬‫ػزض‬ٕ‫أ‬ٞٛ َ‫حُلؼ‬ ‫ًُي‬
ٍَ٠ُ‫ح‬ ٍٜٞ‫ك‬ ٢‫ك‬ َٗ‫حُٔزخ‬ ‫حُٔزذ‬3
َ‫ح٧ػ‬ ْ٣‫ػي‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ‫ٌُُي‬ ‫ٓوخُق‬ ١َٗ ًَٝ3
ً‫اٌفص‬78
١ٞ٘‫حُٔؼ‬ ٍَ٠ُ‫ح‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٍٝ‫ٓٔئ‬ ٚ‫ٗو‬ ًَٝ‫أ‬ٚ‫أكيػ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ١‫حُٔخى‬،ٌُٖٝ ٢‫كو‬ ِٚ‫رلؼ‬ ٫
‫ر‬ٙ‫وطب‬‫أ٣٠خ‬،‫٣ؼزض‬ ‫ػ٘يٓخ‬ ‫ًُٝي‬ٕ‫أ‬ٍَ٠ُ‫ح‬ ‫ًُي‬ ٢‫ك‬ َٗ‫حُٔزخ‬ ‫حُٔزذ‬ ٞٛ ‫حُوطؤ‬ ‫ٌٛح‬3
١َٗ ًََٝٓ‫ح٧ػ‬ ْ٣‫ػي‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ‫ٌُُي‬ ‫وخُق‬3
ِٚ‫كؼ‬ ‫٣ـذ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫طَى‬ ٞٛ ‫ٝحُوطؤ‬،ٝ‫أ‬ٚ٘‫ػ‬ ‫ح٩ٓٔخى‬ ‫٣ـذ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ‫ٓخ‬ َ‫كؼ‬،َ٤‫ؿ‬ ٖٓ ‫ًُٝي‬
ٍَ٠ُ‫ح‬ ‫٩كيحع‬ ‫هٜي‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬79
‫ٓزخ‬ ‫حُ٘خطـش‬ ٍ‫ح٧َٟح‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ٓٔئُٝش‬ ‫ٝحُزِي٣خص‬ ‫حُيُٝش‬ٖ‫ٝػ‬ ‫اىحٍطٜخ‬ َ٤٤ٔ‫ط‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫َٗس‬
‫ُٔٔظويٓ٤ٜخ‬ ‫حُِٜٔل٤ش‬ ‫ح٧هطخء‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬81
ْٜٔ٤ُ‫طي‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫حُ٘خطـش‬ ٍ‫ح٧َٟح‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ٗوٜ٤خ‬ ُٕٞٝ‫ٓٔئ‬ ‫ٝحُزِي٣خص‬ ‫حُيُٝش‬ ٞٓ‫ٓٔظوي‬ٝ‫أ‬ٖ‫ػ‬
‫حُـٔ٤ٔش‬ ‫ح٧هطخء‬‫حُٞحهؼش‬ْٜ‫ٝظخثل‬ ‫أىحء‬ ٢‫ك‬ ْٜ٘ٓ3
ٍ‫ح٧َٟح‬ ٌٙٛ ‫رٔزذ‬ ‫ٝحُزِي٣خص‬ ‫حُيُٝش‬ ‫ٓطخُزش‬ ُٞ‫طـ‬ ٫ٝ،٤‫حُٔٞظل‬ ٍ‫اػٔخ‬ ‫ػ٘ي‬ ٫‫ا‬ٖ
‫ػٜ٘خ‬ ٖ٤ُٝ‫حُٔٔئ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬81
ٚ‫حُ٘و‬ ٙ‫طـخ‬ ٍ٬‫ح٩ه‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ٓيٗ٤خ‬ ٍ‫٣ٔؤ‬ ٚ‫ٜٓ٘ز‬ ‫رٔوظ٠٤خص‬ َ‫٣و‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ٢ٟ‫حُوخ‬
ٚ‫ٓوخٛٔظ‬ ‫ك٤ٜخ‬ ُٞ‫طـ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُلخ٫ص‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٍَ٠‫حُٔظ‬47
3
ً‫اٌفص‬81
‫٣ؼط‬ ٖٓ٢‫ٗ٤ش‬ ٖٔ‫رل‬ْ٤ٔ‫ؿ‬ ‫هطؤ‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ ٖٓٝٝ‫أ‬ٚ‫ؿخٗز‬ ٖٓ ‫رخُؾ‬ ٍٜٞ‫ط‬،َٜ‫٣ـ‬ ٞٛٝ ‫ر٤خٗخص‬
‫ٛلظٜخ‬ ّ‫ػي‬،َٔ‫٣ظل‬ ٫١‫أ‬ٙ‫طـخ‬ ‫ٓٔئُٝ٤ش‬ُٚ ‫أػط٤ض‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ٚ‫حُ٘و‬:
47-‫ح‬ ‫كخ٫ص‬ َ‫حٗظ‬ٖ٤ِٜ‫حُل‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ػِ٤ٜخ‬ ُٜٙٞ٘ٔ‫ح‬ ‫ُٔوخٛٔش‬995ٝ9923‫حُٔيٗ٤ش‬ ‫حُٔٔطَس‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬ َٖٓ٤ٜ‫حُظ‬
ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬ ‫رٔؼخرش‬ ‫حَُ٘٣ق‬539.3..9‫رظخٍ٣ن‬55ٕ‫ٍٓ٠خ‬599.(21َ‫ٗظ٘ز‬599.ٚٗ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫رخُٜٔخىهش‬ )
‫ػيى‬ ‫حَُٓٔ٤ش‬ ‫حُـَ٣يس‬ ‫ٝطظٔ٤ٔٚ؛‬ َٙ٤٤‫طـ‬ ‫ٝهغ‬ ‫ًٔخ‬ ‫حُٔيٗ٤ش‬ ‫حُٔٔطَس‬ ٕٞٗ‫هخ‬9292‫رظخٍ٣ن‬ ٌٍَٓ59ٕ‫ٍٓ٠خ‬599.
(92َ‫ٗظ٘ز‬599.ٙ ،)29.23

24. -2.-
5-‫اًح‬ُٚ ‫ًخٗض‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ػِ٤ٜخ‬ ٍٜٞ‫حُل‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫َٓ٘ٝػش‬ ‫ِٜٓلش‬ ‫حُز٤خٗخص‬ ٠‫طِو‬ ُٖٔ‫؛‬
2-‫اًح‬ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝؿذ‬،ٚ‫ٓؼخٓ٬ط‬ ‫رٔزذ‬ٝ‫أ‬٢ٗٞٗ‫هخ‬ ّ‫حُظِح‬ ٠٠‫رٔوظ‬،٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُز٤خٗخص‬ َ‫٣٘و‬ ٕ‫أ‬
‫ِٝٛض‬٠ُ‫ا‬ِٚٔ‫ػ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬83
‫حُٜ٘٤لش‬ ‫ٓـَى‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ٛخكزٜخ‬ ‫ٓٔئُٝ٤ش‬ ‫ػِ٤ٜخ‬ ‫طظَطذ‬ ٫ ‫حُظٞٛ٤ش‬،ُ‫ح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٫‫ا‬‫ح٥ط٤ش‬ ‫لخ٫ص‬:
5-‫اًح‬َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫حُطَف‬ ‫هيحع‬ ‫هٜي‬ ‫حُٜ٘٤لش‬ ٠‫أػط‬‫؛‬
2-‫اًح‬ٕ‫ًخ‬‫ر‬ٚ‫ٝظ٤لظ‬ ٌْ‫رل‬ ‫حُٔؼخِٓش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ِٚ‫طيه‬ ‫ٔزذ‬،‫ؿٔ٤ٔخ‬ ‫هطؤ‬ ‫حٍطٌذ‬ ‫هي‬،‫ٓخ‬ ‫هطؤ‬ ١‫أ‬
٢‫٣٘زـ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ٕ‫أ‬ًَِٙٓ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ‫ٗو‬ ٚ‫٣َطٌز‬،َ‫ح٥ه‬ ‫ُِطَف‬ ٍَٟ ‫حُوطؤ‬ ‫ٌٛح‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝٗظؾ‬‫؛‬
9-‫اًح‬‫حُٔؼخِٓش‬ ‫ٗظ٤ـش‬ ٖٟٔ3
ً‫اٌفص‬84
‫٣ظَطذ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٌٖٔ٣‫َٓ٘ٝػش‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ ‫ٓ٘خكٔش‬ ٌٕٞ‫ط‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُٞهخثغ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٞ٣ٞ‫حُظؼ‬48
،َ٤‫ٓز‬ ٠ِ‫ٝػ‬
ٍ‫حُٔؼخ‬:
5-ْٓ‫ح‬ ٍ‫حٓظؼٔخ‬ٝ‫أ‬‫طـخٍ٣ش‬ ‫ػ٬ٓش‬49
‫ُٔئٓٔش‬ ‫هخٗٞٗخ‬ ‫ػخرض‬ ٞٛ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫طوَ٣زخ‬ َ‫طٔخػ‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ٜٓ٘غ‬
َ‫هز‬ ٖٓ ‫ٓؼَٝف‬،ٝ‫أ‬‫ػخٓش‬ ‫رَٜ٘س‬ ‫٣ظٔظغ‬ ‫ُزِي‬،ٖٓ ‫رٌ٤ل٤ش‬ ‫ًُٝي‬ٜٗ‫ٗؤ‬ٍٜٞٔ‫حُـ‬ َ‫طـ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫خ‬٠ُ‫ا‬
‫حُٜخٗغ‬ ‫ٗوٜ٤ش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٢ِ‫حُـ‬ٝ‫أ‬٢‫ك‬‫حُٔ٘ظٞؽ‬ ٍ‫ٜٓي‬3
2-‫ػ٬ٓش‬ ٍ‫حٓظؼٔخ‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ُٞكش‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ًظخرش‬ٝ‫أ‬‫٫كظش‬ٝ‫أ‬َ‫٣ٔخػ‬ َ‫آه‬ ٍِٓ ١‫أ‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ٓزن‬ ‫ٓخ‬ ٚ‫٣٘خر‬
َ‫طخؿ‬ ٖٓ ْ٤ِٓ ٢ٗٞٗ‫هخ‬ ٚ‫ٝؿ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ُٚ‫حٓظؼٔخ‬ٝ‫أ‬‫ٛخٗغ‬ٝ‫أ‬٢‫ك‬ َ‫٣ظـ‬ ٕ‫حٌُٔخ‬ ْ‫ٗل‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫هخثٔش‬ ‫ٓئٓٔش‬
48-‫حُٔخىس‬ ‫ٓوظ٠٤خص‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ٍٕ‫هخ‬51.:ٚٗ‫أ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٚ٘‫ط‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُٜ٘خػ٤ش‬ ‫حٌُِٔ٤ش‬ ‫رلٔخ٣ش‬ ‫حُٔظؼِن‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ٖٓ«َ‫٣ؼظز‬
ٍ‫أػٔخ‬ ٖٓ ٬ٔ‫ػ‬ٝ‫أ‬ ٢‫حُٜ٘خػ‬ ٕ‫حُٔ٤يح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫حَُ٘ف‬ ‫ٝأػَحف‬ ٠‫٣ظ٘خك‬ ‫ٓ٘خكٔش‬ َٔ‫ػ‬ ًَ ،‫حَُٔ٘ٝػش‬ َ٤‫ؿ‬ ‫حُٔ٘خكٔش‬
١ٍ‫حُظـخ‬.
‫هخٛش‬ ‫رٜلش‬ ‫ٝطٔ٘غ‬:
1-‫ؿٔ٤غ‬ٍ‫ح٧ػٔخ‬‫أكي‬ ‫ٓئٓٔش‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ٢ِ‫ه‬ َ‫حُٞٓخث‬ ٖٓ ‫ٝٓ٤ِش‬ ‫رؤ٣ش‬ ‫ػِ٤ٜخ‬ ‫٣ظَطذ‬ ‫هي‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫ٗٞػٜخ‬ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ‫ً٤لٔخ‬ٖ٤ٔ‫حُٔ٘خك‬
‫؛‬ ١ٍ‫حُظـخ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٢‫حُٜ٘خػ‬ ٚ١‫ٗ٘خ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ٚ‫ٓ٘ظـخط‬ ٝ‫أ‬
2-‫حٌُخًرش‬ ‫ح٫ىػخءحص‬ٝ‫أ‬ ٖ٤ٔ‫حُٔ٘خك‬ ‫أكي‬ ‫ٓئٓٔش‬ ‫ٓٔؼش‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫طٔ٢ء‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ٗؤٜٗخ‬ ٖٓ ٕ‫ًخ‬ ‫اًح‬ ‫حُظـخٍس‬ ‫ِٓحُٝش‬ ٢‫ك‬ٚ‫ٓ٘ظـخط‬
‫أ‬ ٢‫حُٜ٘خػ‬ ٚ١‫ٗ٘خ‬ ٝ‫أ‬‫؛‬ ١ٍ‫حُظـخ‬ ٝ
9-ٝ‫أ‬ ‫حُز٤خٗخص‬‫١ز٤ؼش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٍٜٞٔ‫حُـ‬ ‫ٓـخُطش‬ ‫حُظـخٍس‬ ‫ِٓحُٝش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫حٓظؼٔخُٜخ‬ ٕ‫ٗؤ‬ ٖٓ ٌٕٞ٣ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫ح٫ىػخءحص‬‫حُز٠خثغ‬
ٝ‫أ‬ ٍ‫ُ٬ٓظؼٔخ‬ ‫هخرِ٤ظٜخ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ٓٔ٤ِحطٜخ‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ٛ٘ؼٜخ‬ ‫١َ٣وش‬ ٝ‫أ‬‫ًٔ٤ظٜخ‬.»
-‫حُٔخىس‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫ًٌُي‬ ٍٕ‫هخ‬511:ٚٗ‫أ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٚ٘‫ط‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ ْ‫ٗل‬ ٖٓ«٠ِ‫ػ‬ ّ‫طوخ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ٫َ٤‫ؿ‬ ‫حُٔ٘خكٔش‬ ٍ‫أػٔخ‬
ٟٞ‫ٝىػ‬ ‫ػِ٤ٜخ‬ ّٞ‫طو‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ٍ‫ح٧ػٔخ‬ ‫ُٞهق‬ ‫ٓيٗ٤ش‬ ٟٞ‫ىػ‬ ٫‫ا‬ ‫حَُٔ٘ٝػش‬ٞ٣ٞ‫رخُظؼ‬ ‫حُٔطخُزش‬.»
ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬ َ‫حٗظ‬99-59ْ‫ٍه‬ ‫َٗ٣ق‬ َ٤ٜ‫ظ‬ ٌٙ٤‫رظ٘ل‬ ٍ‫حُٜخى‬ ،‫حُٜ٘خػ٤ش‬ ‫حٌُِٔ٤ش‬ ‫رلٔخ٣ش‬ ‫حُٔظؼِن‬59-22-5ٍ‫ٛخى‬
٢‫ك‬9‫حُوؼيس‬ ١ً5.22(51َ٣‫كزَح‬2222ٔ٤ٔ‫ٝطظ‬ َٙ٤٤‫طـ‬ ْ‫ط‬ ‫ًٔخ‬ )‫ػيى‬ ‫حَُٓٔ٤ش‬ ‫حُـَ٣يس‬ ‫ٚ؛‬.999‫رظخٍ٣ن‬2١ً
‫حُلـش‬5.22(9ٍّ‫ٓخ‬2222ٙ ،)9993
49-‫حُٔخىس‬ َ‫حٗظ‬99‫ًٌُي‬ َ‫حٗظ‬ ‫حُظـخٍ١؛‬ ٕ‫حُؼ٘ٞح‬ ٜٙٞ‫رو‬ ‫حُظـخٍس‬ ‫ٓيٝٗش‬ ٖٓ ‫رؼيٓخ‬ ‫ٝٓخ‬ْ‫ٍه‬ ٕٞٗ‫حُوخ‬99-59
3‫حُٜ٘خػ٤ش‬ ‫حٌُِٔ٤ش‬ ‫رلٔخ٣ش‬ ‫حُٔظؼِن‬

25. -21-
‫حُٔ٘خرٜش‬ ‫حُِٔغ‬،ٖٓ ‫رٌ٤ل٤ش‬ ‫ًُٝي‬ٜٗ‫ٗؤ‬‫خ‬ٕ‫أ‬١‫طئى‬٠ُ‫ا‬‫حُِر٘خء‬ َ٣ٞ‫طل‬ٖ‫ػ‬ٚ‫ٗو‬‫ُٜخُق‬
ٚ‫ٗو‬َ‫آه‬3
9-‫ط٠خف‬ ٕ‫أ‬٠ُ‫ا‬ْٓ‫ح‬‫أُلخظ‬ ‫حُِٔغ‬ ٟ‫اكي‬:‫ًٌح‬ ‫ٛ٘خػش‬333ٝ‫أ‬‫ًٌح‬ ‫ُظًَ٤ذ‬ ‫ٝكوخ‬333ٝ‫أ‬١‫أ‬
‫طٜيف‬ ‫ٓٔخػِش‬ َٟ‫أه‬ ‫ػزخٍس‬٠ُ‫ا‬‫حُِٔؼش‬ ‫١ز٤ؼش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫آخ‬ ٢ِ‫حُـ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٍٜٞٔ‫حُـ‬ ‫ا٣وخع‬ٝ‫أ‬٢‫ك‬‫أِٜٛخ‬3
.-َ‫هز‬ ٖٓ ‫ٓؼَٝكش‬ ‫ٓئٓٔش‬ َ‫ٓل‬ َ‫ك‬ ‫هي‬ ‫ٗوٜخ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ح٫ػظوخى‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ّ‫حُ٘خ‬ َٔ‫ك‬ٝ‫أ‬ٚٗ‫أ‬
‫٣ٔؼِٜخ‬،ٞ‫ر‬ ‫ًُٝي‬َ‫حُٞٓخث‬ ٖٓ ‫ٝؿ٤َٛخ‬ ‫حَُ٘٘حص‬ ‫حٓطش‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬85
َ٤ٜ‫(ظ‬59ُٞ٤ُٞ٣5999)٫ٝ‫ٓٔئ‬ ٚ‫حُ٘و‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ٫ِٚ‫رلؼ‬ ٚ‫٣ليػ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ٍَ٠ُ‫ح‬ ٖ‫ػ‬
‫كلٔذ‬،ٙ‫ح٧ٗوخ‬ ٚ‫٣ليػ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ٍَ٠ُ‫ح‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫أ٣٠خ‬ ٫ٝ‫ٓٔئ‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ٌُٖ٣ٌُ‫ح‬ٖٚ‫ػٜيط‬ ٢‫ك‬ ْٛ3
‫كخ‬ ‫ح٧د‬ٚ‫ٓٞط‬ ‫رؼي‬ ّ٧،‫أر٘خإٛٔخ‬ ٚ‫٣ليػ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ٍَ٠ُ‫ح‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٕ٫‫٣ٔؤ‬َٛ‫حُوخ‬‫حُٔخ‬ ًٕٕٝٞ٘
‫ٓؼٜٔخ‬3
ٚ‫٣ليػ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ٍَ٠ُ‫ح‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ُٕٞ‫٣ٔؤ‬ ْٜ‫ٜٓخُل‬ ‫رَػخ٣ش‬ َْٛ٤‫ؿ‬ ٕٞ‫٣ٌِل‬ ٖٓٝ ٕٞٓٝ‫حُٔوي‬
‫ك٤ٜخ‬ ِْٛٞ‫ٗـ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُٞظخثق‬ ‫أىحء‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٍْٛٝٞٓ‫ٝٓؤ‬ ْٜٓ‫هيح‬3
ٖٓ َٛ‫حُلخ‬ ٍَ٠ُ‫ح‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ُٕٞ‫٣ٔؤ‬ ‫حُلَف‬ ‫أٍرخد‬ٌٕٓٞٗٞ٣ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫حُٞهض‬ ٍ٬‫ه‬ ْٜ٤ِٔ‫ظؼ‬
ْٜ‫ٍهخرظ‬ ‫طلض‬ ٚ٤‫ك‬3
ٙ٬‫أػ‬ ‫اُ٤ٜخ‬ ٍ‫حُٔ٘خ‬ ‫حُٔٔئُٝ٤ش‬ ّٞ‫ٝطو‬،‫ا‬٫‫اًح‬‫أػزض‬‫ح٧د‬ٝ‫أ‬‫حُلَف‬ ‫ٝأٍرخد‬ ّ٧‫ح‬ْٜٗ‫أ‬ُْ
‫اُ٤ٜخ‬ ٟ‫أى‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ َ‫حُلؼ‬ ‫ٝهٞع‬ ‫ٓ٘غ‬ ٖٓ ‫٣ظٌٔ٘ٞح‬3
ٝ ‫ح٧د‬‫ح‬ّ٧ٝ‫ح٧هخٍد‬ ٖٓ ‫ؿ٤َٛٔخ‬ٝ‫أ‬‫٣ليػٜخ‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ٍ‫ح٧َٟح‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ُٕٞ‫٣ٔؤ‬ ‫ح٧ُٝحؽ‬
َ‫حُؼو‬ ٢ِ‫ٓوظ‬ ٖٓ َْٛ٤‫ٝؿ‬ ٖ٤ٗ‫حُٔـخ‬،‫اًح‬ْٜ‫ٓؼ‬ ٌٕٞ٘ٔ٣ ‫ًخٗٞح‬،‫حَُٗي‬ ٖٓ ٖ٤‫رخُـ‬ ‫ًخٗٞح‬ ُٞٝ3
ُٔ‫ح‬ ٌٙٛ ِِْٜٓ‫ٝط‬‫٣ؼزظٞح‬ ُْ ‫ٓخ‬ ‫ٔئُٝ٤ش‬:
5-‫أ‬ٙ‫ح٧ٗوخ‬ ‫ٛئ٫ء‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫حُ٠ٍَٝ٣ش‬ ‫حَُهخرش‬ ًَ ‫رخَٗٝح‬ ْٜٗ‫؛‬
2-ٝ‫أ‬ْٜٗ‫أ‬ُ‫ح‬ َٝٓ ‫هطٍٞس‬ ِٕٜٞ‫٣ـ‬ ‫ًخٗٞح‬ٕٔٞ٘‫ـ‬‫؛‬
9-ٝ‫أ‬ٍَ٠‫حُٔظ‬ ‫روطؤ‬ ‫ٝهؼض‬ ‫هي‬ ‫حُلخىػش‬ ٕ‫أ‬3
ٙ‫ح٧ٗوخ‬ ‫ٛئ٫ء‬ ‫ٍػخ٣ش‬ ‫ػوي‬ ٠٠‫رٔوظ‬ َٔ‫٣ظل‬ ٖٓ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٌْ‫حُل‬ ْ‫ٗل‬ ‫ٝ٣طزن‬ٝ‫أ‬ْٜ‫ٍهخرظ‬3
ً‫اٌفص‬85‫ِىشس‬
َ٤ٜ‫(ظ‬.ٞ٣‫ٓخ‬59.2)ِٕٞٔ‫حُٔؼ‬ ٍ‫٣ٔؤ‬ٍَٝ٠ُ‫ح‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝحَُ٣خٟش‬ ‫حُ٘ز٤زش‬ ٞ‫ٓٞظل‬
ْٜ‫ٍهخرظ‬ ‫طلض‬ ٚ٤‫ك‬ ٕٝ‫٣ٞؿي‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ‫حُٞهض‬ ٍ٬‫ه‬ ٕ‫ٝحُ٘زخ‬ ٍ‫ح٧١لخ‬ ٖٓ َٛ‫حُلخ‬3
‫ٝحُوطؤ‬ٝ‫أ‬‫حُل٤طش‬ ّ‫ػي‬ٝ‫أ‬ْٜ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ٚ‫ر‬ ‫٣لظؾ‬ ١ٌُ‫ح‬ ٍ‫ح٩ٛٔخ‬،ٍٜٞ‫ك‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫حُٔزذ‬ ٍٙ‫رخػظزخ‬
ٍ‫حُ٠خ‬ َ‫حُلؼ‬،ُ‫ح‬ ‫حُوخٗٞٗ٤ش‬ ‫ُِوٞحػي‬ ‫ٝكوخ‬ ٚ‫اػزخط‬ ٢‫حُٔيػ‬ ِِّ٣‫ؼخٓش‬3
ْ٤ِ‫حُظؼ‬ ٍ‫ٍؿخ‬ ‫ٓٔئُٝ٤ش‬ ‫ك٤ٜخ‬ ّٞ‫طو‬ ٢‫حُظ‬ ‫حُلخ٫ص‬ ‫ؿٔ٤غ‬ ٢‫ٝك‬ّ‫حُؼخ‬‫حُ٘ز٤زش‬ ‫اىحٍس‬ ٢‫ٝٓٞظل‬
ٍ‫ٟخ‬ َ‫كؼ‬ ‫حٍطٌخد‬ ‫ٗظ٤ـش‬ٝ‫أ‬ٍ‫ح٧١لخ‬ ٖٓ ‫آخ‬ ٚ‫رٔ٘خٓزظ‬ٝ‫أ‬‫رٔزذ‬ ْٜ٤ُ‫ا‬ ْٜ‫ر‬ ‫ػٜي‬ ٖ٣ٌُ‫ح‬ ٕ‫حُ٘زخ‬ ٖٓ
ٍ‫ح٧كٞح‬ ْ‫ٗل‬ ٢‫ك‬ ْٛ‫ٟي‬ ‫ٝآخ‬ ْٜ‫ٝظخثل‬،ٖ٤‫حُٔٞظل‬ ‫ٓٔئُٝ٤ش‬ َ‫ٓل‬ ‫حُيُٝش‬ ‫ٓٔئُٝ٤ش‬ َ‫طل‬
ٖ٤‫حُٔخرو‬،ٍَ٠‫حُٔظ‬ ٖٓ ‫حُٔيٗ٤ش‬ ًْ‫حُٔلخ‬ ّ‫أٓخ‬ ‫أريح‬ ْٜ‫ٓوخٟخط‬ ُٞ‫طـ‬ ٫ ٖ٣ٌُ‫ح‬ٝ‫أ‬ِٚ‫ٓٔؼ‬ ٖٓ3