This document provides an overview of the computer system. It discusses what a computer is, data processing, applications of computers, and the importance and limitations of computers. It then describes the parts of a computer system, including hardware, software, users, data/information, procedures, and communication. The hardware components of a computer are also outlined.
4. In this lecture you will learn about:
Computer
Data Processing
Applications of Computers
Importance of Computers
Limitations of Computers
Parts of Computer System
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5. Computers are everywhere
5
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6. A Computer is an electronic data processing
machine that stores, retrieves and
processes data. Finally generate
meaningful information with speed and
accuracy.
Computer is an electronic device that
process data according to a set of stored
instructions.
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8. Numbers
Images
Sound
Video
Input Process Output
12 + 8 = 20
000001100
000001000
---------------
000010100 20
0010000000000000000
0100000000000001001
0110000011000011011
0111111111111001111
1111111111111011111
1111111111100011111
000001000 000001001 000010100 …
volume Time
00101010111
11010101010
01010101010
11110100011
00101011011
8 9 0 5 …
00101010111
11010101010
01010101010
11110100011
00101011011
00101010111
11010101010
01010101010
11110100011
00101011011
00101010111
11010101010
01010101010
11110100011
00101011011
00101010111
11010101010
01010101010
11110100011
00101011011
Text This is a test 84 104 73 115 … This is a test
9. Data is the raw materials from which
information is generated.
Data consists of raw facts, numbers,
letters, or symbols that the computer
processed into meaningful information.
Data has no specific meaning.
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10. It’s a process that converts the data into
information.
A general term that stands for all logical,
arithmetic, and input/output operations
that can be performed on data by a
computer.
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11. Information refers to an organized ,
meaningful, & useful interpretation of data
Information is the result of processing,
manipulating and organizing data in a way
that adds to the knowledge of the receiver.
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12. Monthly Sales Report
for West Region
Sales Rep: Charles Mann
Emp No. 79154
Item Qty Sold Price
TM Shoes 1200 $100
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13. Data and information are stored/ maintained for
future use.
Any type of information - words, figures, still or
moving images, sound or music - can be stored
into storage devices (e.g. HDD, CD, DVD) and
that can be used at any time.
Hard Disk Drive
CD / DVD DriveFlash Drive
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15. Data processing and Data storing
In Banking system : On line banking
Internet & Webpage :Information super highway
E mail
E commerce and M commerce
Airways and Railways Ticket Reservations
Medical science
In Education
Multimedia system
Production system
Communication: Mobile communication
Publishing (Books, Newspaper)
Offices
Data Analysis, Data Base Management
Job searching / CV sending
And More…
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16. High Speed: Computer can perform data
processing jobs very fast, usually measured in
microseconds (10-6), nanoseconds (10-9) and
picoseconds (10-12)
Automatic Operation: Computers are
automatic in operation. Once data and
program are fed to a computer, operation of
the computer is automatic.
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17. Accuracy: Accuracy of a computer is
consistently high and degree of its
accuracy depends upon its design.
Computer errors causes due to incorrect input
data or unreliable programs.
The system or process of showing the faulty
results of a computer is called Garbage-In-
Garbage-Out (GIGO)
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18. Diligence: Computer is free from monotony,
tiredness, and lack of concentration. It can
continuously work for hours without creating
any error and without grumbling
Versatility: Computer is capable of
performing almost any task, if the task can be
reduced to a finite series of logical steps
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19. Power of Remembering: Computer can
store and recall any amount of
information because of its secondary
storage capability. It forgets or looses
certain information only when it is asked
to do so
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20. Common data: One item of data can be
used for different computer operation.
Complexity: Computers perform complex
calculations. A computer provides the
required answers after running the
program for complex calculations.
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21. Computer cannot think (no I.Q).
Computer can not do anything without
human instructions.
Computers can not make any
adjustment as human being can do (no
feelings).
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23. Systems: A system is a collection of
elements or components that are organized
for a common purpose.
A computer system consists of hardware
components that have been carefully
chosen so that they work well together and
software components or programs that run
in the computer.
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25. The physical devices that make up the
computer are called Hardware.
The generic term device refers to any
piece of hardware.
Examples: CPU, memory, disks, CD-ROM
drives, printer, monitor etc.
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28. Step by step instructions that tells the
hardware how to perform a task.
The term program refers to any piece of
software.
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System Software
• Operating system – Win XP, Win 7, Win 10, LINUX
• Utility program – Antivirus, Partition magic, Screen Saver
Application Software
• Web browser, Word processors, Adobe Photoshop, Games etc.
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29. People are the Computer operators, also
known as users or Humanware.
The user is a person perhaps like yourself –
someone without much technical knowledge
of computers but who uses computers to
perform professional or personal tasks,
enhance learning, or have fun.
No computer is totally autonomous.
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30. Data is the raw materials from which
information is generated.
information is summarized data or
otherwise manipulated (processed) data.
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31. Procedures are descriptions of how
things are done, steps for accomplishing
a result.
Procedures for computer systems appear
in documentation manuals, which
contain instructions, rules and guidelines
to follow when using hardware and
software.
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32. When one computer system is set up to
share data and information electronically
with another computer system,
communications becomes a sixth system
element.
Examples: phone lines, microwave
transmission, satellite transmission, etc.
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