This document is a chapter from "The Aromatherapy Handbook" that provides a brief history of aromatherapy. It discusses how aromatherapy has been used for over 6,000 years by ancient cultures including Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, Chinese, Indians and Native Americans. It traces how knowledge of aromatic plants and essential oils spread globally through trade routes. The chapter then discusses how aromatherapy was incorporated into scientific research in the late 19th/early 20th century and how the term "aromatherapy" was coined in the 1920s-1930s.
1) The document discusses the history and modern understanding of pain physiology and management of postoperative pain. It describes how pain was originally thought to be outside the body but is now understood as a physical sensation processed in the nervous system.
2) Postoperative pain has acute causes from incisions and procedures as well as referred pain, and poorly managed pain can impair recovery. A multimodal approach using combinations of analgesics like paracetamol, NSAIDs, and opioids along with local anesthetics and nerve blocks is recommended.
3) Patient-controlled analgesia allows patients to self-administer opioids within safe limits and provides effective pain relief. Preemptive analgesia aims to prevent central sensitization by treating pain before and
Mayo clinic analgesic pathway peripheral nerve blockadeNorma Obaid
This document provides information about peripheral nerve blockade for major orthopedic surgery from Mayo Clinic. It discusses the Mayo Clinic total joint anesthesia and analgesic pathway, which utilizes peripheral regional techniques and oral analgesics to manage pain after total knee and hip arthroplasty. With this approach, 95% of knee replacement patients and 80% of hip replacement patients can be discharged within 48 hours, with 90% going home rather than to a rehabilitation facility. The document contains detailed descriptions of techniques for peripheral nerve blocks of the lower extremities, including the lumbar plexus, sciatic nerve, and individual nerve blocks, as well as considerations for managing peripheral nerve catheters.
This document discusses acute pain management, with a focus on using a multimodal approach to minimize side effects from analgesics like opioids. It describes assessing and treating acute pain through systemic analgesics, neuraxial techniques like epidurals, and managing side effects and special populations. The goal is providing adequate pain relief while allowing patients to actively participate in recovery.
This document is a chapter from "The Aromatherapy Handbook" that provides a brief history of aromatherapy. It discusses how aromatherapy has been used for over 6,000 years by ancient cultures including Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, Chinese, Indians and Native Americans. It traces how knowledge of aromatic plants and essential oils spread globally through trade routes. The chapter then discusses how aromatherapy was incorporated into scientific research in the late 19th/early 20th century and how the term "aromatherapy" was coined in the 1920s-1930s.
1) The document discusses the history and modern understanding of pain physiology and management of postoperative pain. It describes how pain was originally thought to be outside the body but is now understood as a physical sensation processed in the nervous system.
2) Postoperative pain has acute causes from incisions and procedures as well as referred pain, and poorly managed pain can impair recovery. A multimodal approach using combinations of analgesics like paracetamol, NSAIDs, and opioids along with local anesthetics and nerve blocks is recommended.
3) Patient-controlled analgesia allows patients to self-administer opioids within safe limits and provides effective pain relief. Preemptive analgesia aims to prevent central sensitization by treating pain before and
Mayo clinic analgesic pathway peripheral nerve blockadeNorma Obaid
This document provides information about peripheral nerve blockade for major orthopedic surgery from Mayo Clinic. It discusses the Mayo Clinic total joint anesthesia and analgesic pathway, which utilizes peripheral regional techniques and oral analgesics to manage pain after total knee and hip arthroplasty. With this approach, 95% of knee replacement patients and 80% of hip replacement patients can be discharged within 48 hours, with 90% going home rather than to a rehabilitation facility. The document contains detailed descriptions of techniques for peripheral nerve blocks of the lower extremities, including the lumbar plexus, sciatic nerve, and individual nerve blocks, as well as considerations for managing peripheral nerve catheters.
This document discusses acute pain management, with a focus on using a multimodal approach to minimize side effects from analgesics like opioids. It describes assessing and treating acute pain through systemic analgesics, neuraxial techniques like epidurals, and managing side effects and special populations. The goal is providing adequate pain relief while allowing patients to actively participate in recovery.
Post operative pain management has no specific criteria. Lots of methods and procedures are suggested with various types of drugs. It is just a guideline for management of pain after surgery.
It is estimated that more than 80,000 of total plant species have been identified and used as medicinal plants around the world. Among these plants 600-900 species are considered by various experts to be medicinal plants in Bangladesh.
Among these Abroma augusta is an important medicinal plant belonging to the family stercluaceace, having a lot of pharmacological properties and are extensively used to treat various health ailments.
The document discusses pain management objectives, definitions, classifications, and pathophysiology of pain. It describes the types of stimuli, nerve fibers, and pains involved in nociception and pain transmission. Non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches for postoperative pain management are outlined, focusing on local anesthetics, NSAIDs, opioids, and other drug classes.
This document provides an introduction and summary of key chapters from Anthony de Mello's book "Awareness". It discusses how the original conferences were self-censored and abbreviated in the published English edition to avoid excommunication. It highlights differences between concentration and awareness, and how critical parts of the text were omitted. Chapter titles were also altered to hide the real subjects and prolong sleep. The introduction suggests the book is about waking people from unconscious states like living asleep, marrying asleep, having children asleep without ever waking up. It questions who benefits from fabricating intolerant, violent extremists and terrorists on an assembly line.
This document discusses the anatomy and physiology of pain. It defines pain and describes its sensory and emotional components. It outlines the neurobiology of pain, including transduction, transmission, modulation, and perception. It discusses nociceptors, sensitization, and the gate control theory of pain. It describes the peripheral and central nervous system pathways involved in pain, including the dorsal horn, ascending pathways, descending modulation, and supraspinal regions. It also discusses complex regional pain syndromes.
Management of acute postoperative pain rcacareyesmd
The document discusses pain assessment and management. It defines pain and describes different types of acute pain. Pain is the fifth vital sign and should be properly assessed. Several self-report scales are presented to assess pain intensity. Preemptive analgesia aims to prevent pain sensitization by providing analgesia before a painful stimulus occurs. Multimodal analgesia using opioids, NSAIDs, and acetaminophen can provide effective pain relief while reducing opioid requirements and side effects. Patient-controlled analgesia safely allows patients to self-administer opioids. Special populations like neonates and the elderly require modified dosing approaches.
Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide, Inc. reported fourth quarter 2014 financial results. Revenue and profits increased compared to the same period last year. The company owns, operates, franchises and manages hotels and resorts under nine brands worldwide. As of March 2015, Starwood had approximately 1,200 properties in 100 countries. Looking ahead, the company expects continued revenue growth in 2015 and announced plans to spin off its vacation ownership business into a separate publicly traded company.
Post operative pain management has no specific criteria. Lots of methods and procedures are suggested with various types of drugs. It is just a guideline for management of pain after surgery.
It is estimated that more than 80,000 of total plant species have been identified and used as medicinal plants around the world. Among these plants 600-900 species are considered by various experts to be medicinal plants in Bangladesh.
Among these Abroma augusta is an important medicinal plant belonging to the family stercluaceace, having a lot of pharmacological properties and are extensively used to treat various health ailments.
The document discusses pain management objectives, definitions, classifications, and pathophysiology of pain. It describes the types of stimuli, nerve fibers, and pains involved in nociception and pain transmission. Non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches for postoperative pain management are outlined, focusing on local anesthetics, NSAIDs, opioids, and other drug classes.
This document provides an introduction and summary of key chapters from Anthony de Mello's book "Awareness". It discusses how the original conferences were self-censored and abbreviated in the published English edition to avoid excommunication. It highlights differences between concentration and awareness, and how critical parts of the text were omitted. Chapter titles were also altered to hide the real subjects and prolong sleep. The introduction suggests the book is about waking people from unconscious states like living asleep, marrying asleep, having children asleep without ever waking up. It questions who benefits from fabricating intolerant, violent extremists and terrorists on an assembly line.
This document discusses the anatomy and physiology of pain. It defines pain and describes its sensory and emotional components. It outlines the neurobiology of pain, including transduction, transmission, modulation, and perception. It discusses nociceptors, sensitization, and the gate control theory of pain. It describes the peripheral and central nervous system pathways involved in pain, including the dorsal horn, ascending pathways, descending modulation, and supraspinal regions. It also discusses complex regional pain syndromes.
Management of acute postoperative pain rcacareyesmd
The document discusses pain assessment and management. It defines pain and describes different types of acute pain. Pain is the fifth vital sign and should be properly assessed. Several self-report scales are presented to assess pain intensity. Preemptive analgesia aims to prevent pain sensitization by providing analgesia before a painful stimulus occurs. Multimodal analgesia using opioids, NSAIDs, and acetaminophen can provide effective pain relief while reducing opioid requirements and side effects. Patient-controlled analgesia safely allows patients to self-administer opioids. Special populations like neonates and the elderly require modified dosing approaches.
Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide, Inc. reported fourth quarter 2014 financial results. Revenue and profits increased compared to the same period last year. The company owns, operates, franchises and manages hotels and resorts under nine brands worldwide. As of March 2015, Starwood had approximately 1,200 properties in 100 countries. Looking ahead, the company expects continued revenue growth in 2015 and announced plans to spin off its vacation ownership business into a separate publicly traded company.
Wellness and medical tourism involves people traveling internationally for medical or wellness services. It is not a new phenomenon, dating back to ancient Roman and Greek baths and spa towns. Today, there are an estimated 50-60 million medical tourists annually. Medical tourists spend more on travel and healthcare than traditional tourists, providing an economic boost to destinations. Countries promote medical tourism to attract patients and the associated revenues, with Turkey being a leading destination for procedures like orthopedic surgeries and cancer treatments. The medical tourism market includes both individual patients and corporate clients sent by insurers.
Izmir is the third most populous city in Turkey, with over 3 million people. Originally known as Smyrna, it has over 3,500 years of urban history. Izmir has a Mediterranean climate and hosts international art festivals in the summer. The economy is based on industry, trade, transportation, and agriculture, and Izmir is a major exporter. There are many historical and cultural sites to visit, including ancient ruins at Ephesus and Pergamon. Izmir has over 600 km of coastline along the Aegean Sea with popular beaches.
3. Zeytin (Olea europaea), zeytingiller (Oleaceae)
familyasından meyvesi yenen Akdeniz iklimine özgü
bir ağaç türü.
Zeytin, boylu bir çalı veya 10 metreye kadar
boylanabilen, sık dallı, yayvan tepeli, her dem yeşil
yapraklı bir ağaçtır.
Uzun ömürlü bir ağaç olmakla birlikte yaklaşık 2000
yıl kadar yaşayabilir.
4. Dünya zeytin üretici ülkeleri arasında; ağaç varlığı
açısından Türkiye 4'ncü, alan açısından da 6’ncı
sırada yer alır.
Böylece dünya zeytinyağı üretimine % 8 oranında
katkıda bulunur, sofralık zeytin üretiminde de
İspanya’dan dan sonra 2’nci, tüketimde ise 1inci
sırada yer alır.
5. Marmara Bölgesi'nin ağaç varlığı açısından Türkiye
içindeki payı da % 10 olarak belirlenir. Ayvalık,
Mudanya, Edremit Körfezi, Orhangazi, İznik, Gemlik
ve Yalova gibi yerlerde yoğun olarak bulunur.
Zeytin; ayrıca fabrikalarda işlenerek zeytinyağına
da dönüştürülür.
8. Besleyici değeri çok yüksek olan bir besindir.
Zeytinde bol miktarda bitkisel protein, yağ, A, C, E
vitaminleri ile kalsiyum, fosfor, kükürt, klor,
magnezyum mineralleri vardır.
Kalp ve damar sağlığı için çok faydalı olan zeytin,
yaşlanmanın etkilerini de azaltır
9. Dermokozmetik amaçlı kullanıldığında cilde güzellik
verir.
Saç dökülmesini engeller, kepeği önler, saçları
kuvvetlendirir. Kırışıklıkları giderir
Makyaj kimyasallarının oluşturabileceği olumsuz
etkileri azaltır.
Cilt hastalıklarının oluşumu önlemeye yardımcı olur.
10. ZEYTINYAĞI
Zeytinyağı, zeytin ağacının (Olea europaea)
meyvesinden elde edilen yeşilimsi-sarımtırak renkte
sıvı bir yağdır.
Zeytin ağacına ilişkin mevcut en eski veri Ege
Denizi’ndeki Santurini Adası’nda yapılan arkeolojik
çalışmalarda ortaya çıkarılan 39.000 yıllık zeytin
yaprağı fosilleridir.
11.
12. Kuzey Afrika’daki Sahra bölgesinde gerçekleştirilen
arkeolojik araştırmalarda ise M.Ö. 12.000'e ait
zeytin ağacı bulgularına rastlandı.
Tarih, zeytinyağı üretimine ilişkin en belirgin izlerin
Akdeniz’in tam ortasındaki Girit Medeniyeti’ne, M.Ö.
4500 yıllarına dek uzandığını göstermektedir
13.
14. Kaliteli zeytinyağı elde etmek için: Zeytinlerin,
hasattan sonra mümkün olan en kısa süre içinde
işlenmesi gerekir.
Çünkü zeytin bekletilirse fermante olur, bu ise
zeytinyağının kalitesinin düşmesine yol açar.
15. Ancak, zeytinin “bol” olduğu dönemlerde, bekletilme
mecburiyeti de doğabilir.
Bu durumda işlemeden bekletilen zeytinler,
genellikle 20-30 santim yüksekliğindeki yığınlar
şeklinde, iyi havalandırılmış ve serin depolarda
saklanır.
